一、阅读理解
A
KEY→P11
范畴:人与自然 主题:人与动物 体裁:说明文 难度:★★★★ 建议用时:7分钟 评价:/4
Elephants are very smart. They can solve puzzles, do Maths and use tools. A study suggests another side to their intelligence. They might address each other by name. A name is a word, phrase, or sound that represents something or someone.
Scientists from Colorado State University studied 469 elephant calls. The calls came from wild African elephants. These calls are difficult for humans to tell apart.
So, the scientists used a type of artificial intelligence (AI)—a machine-learning algorithm(算法), which helped analyze the elephants' calls. It improves itself over time.
The scientists found that elephants could recognize name-like calls. Elephants can connect a certain sound to an individual. In June 2024, the scientists published their findings.
Arbitrary Naming
Elephants are not the only animals that use names. Some dolphins address each other too. So do parrots. But these animals copy the call of the individual they want to address. Elephants do something more complex.
The scientists still want to find out more about how elephants use names. So, they will need to collect more data, or information. The scientists will need to listen to more elephant calls. This will help them find more patterns.
Human-like Behaviours
Elephants are native to Africa and Asia. They can live up to 70 years in the wild. They have many human-like behaviours. For example, elephants seem to be sad when a member of their community dies. They also celebrate when they meet friends after a long time.
The new findings show how important social bonds are to elephants. The scientists say that the findings are important and that they could even teach us more about human behaviours.
()1. Which question is answered in the passage from Paragraph 1 to Paragraph 4?
A. What tools do elephants use?
B. How are elephants similar to dolphins?
C. What continents do elephants call home?
D. How many elephant calls did scientists analyze?
()2. What does the underlined word “represents” here mean?
A. stands for B. looks for C. does with D. calls for
()3. How do dolphins name each other?
A. By asking other animals for help.
B. By copying the call of the individual they want to address.
C. By using tools like AI.
D. Not mentioned.
()4. What is the main idea of the whole passage?
A. An elephant improves itself over time.
B. Dolphins can solve puzzles, do Maths and use tools.
C. Elephants might address each other by name.
D. Elephants are much cleverer than humans.

1. D 推理判断题。由第二段中“Scientists ... studied 469 elephant calls.”可知，科学家们研究了469种大象的叫声。
2. A 词义猜测题。名字是代表某物或某人的单词、短语或声音。represent意为“代表”，与stand for意思相近。
3. B 细节理解题。由Arbitrary Naming部分中“But these animals copy the call of the individual they want to address.”可知，海豚通过模仿它们想要称呼的个体的叫声来叫彼此的名字。
4. C 主旨大意题。由全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了大象可能会用名字称呼彼此。