二、信息还原
阅读下面短文，从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余。
(2025·镇江中考改编) The word "longevity" comes from the word "long". It means that people are living a long life. So in the Spring and Autumn Period, people considered longevity as the most important goal.
1 Early in the Spring and Autumn Period, there were celebrations for the elderly.
2 So the Chinese people started to hold the birthday ceremony(仪式) at the age of 40. Later celebrations would also be held for people's 50th, 60th and 70th birthdays. The 60th birthday ceremony was the most common. As the length of people's lives is increasing in modern society, more celebrations have been held in the later decades(十年). In addition, people now have the habit of celebrating the birthday before the end of the decades. 3 Why so? As the pronunciation of "nine" in Chinese is the same as the pronunciation of the word "long". Nine is also the largest single-digit number. 4 The highlight of the celebration is the birthday feast(宴会), which is different from other feasts. At birthday feasts, eating "longevity noodles" is the most important part. Besides being a form of celebrating old age, the birthday ceremony is also a way to wish for the health of the elderly people. 5
A. It means best wishes for longevity.
B. Six is another lucky number in people's eyes.
C. Only a few people could live long in ancient times.
D. There were many activities and customs about the celebration of longevity.
E. In ancient times, people didn't celebrate birthdays because of poor living conditions.
F. For example, people usually celebrate the 59th birthday rather than the 60th birthday.
G. In this way, people hope that they can overcome difficulties they may meet in later life.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

【文章大意】本文主要介绍了在古代中国关于长寿庆祝的相关活动、习俗以及生日庆祝的演变，包括不同年龄段生日庆祝的情况、数字“九”的寓意以及寿宴等内容。
1~5 DCFAG

【分析】
这是一篇介绍中国长寿相关习俗的信息还原题，解题需先通读全文把握主旨，再结合每个空的上下文语境，通过“承上启下、举例说明、语义衔接”的思路匹配选项：
1. 第1空：前文点明春秋时期人们以长寿为重要目标，后文提及当时已有老人庆祝活动，需选能引出长寿相关活动习俗的内容，衔接前后文。
2. 第2空：后文说中国人从40岁开始办生日仪式，需选能解释该现象的背景内容，比如古代人们寿命普遍较短的情况。
3. 第3空：前文提到现在人们习惯在十年节点前庆祝生日，后文解释“九”的寓意，此处需要举例说明该习惯的具体表现。
4. 第4空：前文阐述“九”的谐音和数字特点，需选能点明该数字寓意的内容，衔接前文的数字解析。
5. 第5空：前文说明生日仪式是对老人的健康祝愿，需选能延伸该祝愿深层意义的内容，完善生日仪式的价值。
【解析】
1. 第1空：前文指出春秋时期人们将长寿作为最重要的目标，后文介绍当时存在针对老人的庆祝活动，D选项“有很多关于长寿庆祝的活动和习俗”可承上启下，引出后文的庆祝活动内容，因此选D。
2. 第2空：后文提到中国人从40岁开始举办生日仪式，C选项“在古代只有少数人能长寿”可以解释该现象——因为古代人均寿命短，40岁已属于值得庆祝的长寿年龄，因此选C。
3. 第3空：前文说明现在人们习惯在十年阶段结束前庆祝生日，F选项“比如，人们通常庆祝59岁生日而不是60岁生日”是对前文习惯的具体举例，符合语境，因此选F。
4. 第4空：前文提到“九”的中文发音和“久”相同，且是最大的个位数，A选项“它意味着对长寿的美好祝愿”承接前文，点明“九”的寓意，因此选A。
5. 第5空：前文表明生日仪式是对老人的健康祝愿，G选项“通过这种方式，人们希望他们能克服晚年可能遇到的困难”是对健康祝愿的延伸，进一步阐释生日仪式的深层意义，因此选G。
【答案】
1. D
2. C
3. F
4. A
5. G
【知识点】
1. 信息还原技巧
2. 长寿文化常识
3. 语境逻辑衔接
【点评】
本题围绕中国传统长寿文化展开，既考查学生对文本上下文逻辑的理解与衔接能力，也能帮助学生了解中国寿庆习俗的演变与内涵，需结合文化常识和语境细节完成匹配。
【难度系数】
0.4

三、选词填空
从方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空，每个单词或短语限用一次。
bright luck symbol pair peaceful gold mean must wish used to
(2024·长沙中考改编) Chinese New Year is a great celebration. It marks the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. According to tradition, people 1 giving flowers and fruits to each other during Chinese New Year, because they carry many special 2. They represent(象征) the earth coming back to life and best 3 for new beginnings.
Orchids(兰花) come in many colours, but many people like purple and red ones for Chinese New Year. They are believed to represent love and beauty. Orchids say, "Wish you to be 4, successful and happy." During the holiday period, this plant is a 5.
Peonies(牡丹) are like soft clouds in pink, red and white. They are beautiful and can 6 up someone's day. Red peonies are given to people to show love and care. Peonies say, "You are special to me." They are also a 7 of wealth and richness.
Kumquats(金橘), with their 8 colour, are a symbol of wealth and luck. The Chinese word for "kumquat" sounds like "gold orange", which connects kumquats with richness. This small fruit tree is often presented in 9.
The apple, with its bright colours and round shape, represents 10 and harmony(和谐). In fact, the word for "apple" in Chinese sounds like "peace". Certainly, apples make great gifts.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

【文章大意】本文主要介绍了人们喜欢在春节期间互赠鲜花和水果这一习俗及背后的意义。
1. are used to 2. meanings 3. wishes 4. lucky 5. must
6. brighten 7. symbol 8. golden 9. pairs 10. peace

【分析】
首先通读全文，明确文章围绕中国新年期间人们互赠花果的习俗及物品象征意义展开。然后逐个分析空格：
1. 结合空后giving和语境，判断需用“习惯于做某事”的固定搭配，确定短语形式；
2. 根据many special的修饰，需填名词复数，转换mean的词性；
3. 依据“美好祝愿”的固定表达，确定wishes；
4. 结合并列的形容词successful、happy，将luck转换为形容词；
5. 理解语境表示“这种植物是必备品”，利用must的名词含义；
6. 根据“使一天更愉快”的语义，使用bright的动词形式搭配固定短语brighten up；
7. 依据“……的象征”的固定搭配，确定symbol；
8. 修饰colour需用形容词，转换gold的词性；
9. 结合“成对呈现”的语境，使用in pairs的固定短语；
10. 与harmony并列需用名词，转换peaceful的词性。
【解析】
1. 空后为giving，语境表示人们习惯在春节互赠花果，be used to doing sth.是“习惯于做某事”的固定搭配，主语people是复数，故填are used to。
2. 空格前有many special，需要名词复数形式，mean的名词是meaning，故填meanings。
3. best wishes是固定表达，意为“最美好的祝愿”，符合对新开端送祝福的语境，故填wishes。
4. 此处需填形容词与successful、happy并列，luck的形容词形式是lucky，意为“幸运的”，符合祝福语境，故填lucky。
5. must作名词时意为“必不可少的东西”，符合“这种植物是春节必备品”的语境，故填must。
6. brighten up是固定短语，意为“使……更愉快”，情态动词can后接动词原形，故填brighten。
7. a symbol of是固定搭配，意为“……的象征”，符合牡丹是财富象征的语境，故填symbol。
8. 需填形容词修饰colour，gold的形容词形式是golden，意为“金色的”，符合金橘的颜色特点，故填golden。
9. in pairs是固定短语，意为“成对地”，表示金橘树常成对呈现，故填pairs。
10. 需填名词与harmony并列，peaceful的名词形式是peace，意为“安宁”，符合苹果象征安宁和谐的语境，故填peace。
【答案】
1. are used to
2. meanings
3. wishes
4. lucky
5. must
6. brighten
7. symbol
8. golden
9. pairs
10. peace
【知识点】
固定搭配、词性转换、词义辨析
【点评】
本文结合中华文化背景，介绍春节送礼习俗及花果的象征意义，既考查学生对英语词汇、短语的掌握，也要求学生结合语境灵活运用词性转换，提升语言运用能力与文化认知。
【难度系数】
0.3