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四、任务型阅读(每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后的表格里填入最恰当的单词，每个空格只填一个单词。
Now, more and more children take mobile phones. As a result, they spend most of their time on screen. It has been a big problem which always worries parents. Here are some suggestions on how parents can balance screen time with playtime.
Make rules around screen time early on
Before giving your child their first smart phone, make sure that both you and your child learn about online protection, like how to step away from bad apps. These basic but important rules can lead your child to inform you if they receive any text from someone they don't know and not to share their personal information online.
Make a contract (约定) for the whole family
Come up with the contract together—it could cover everything, such as how long the child can spend in front of the screen, what games he can play without supervision (监管) and how he will be punished if he breaks the family law.
Lead by example
When making contracts with your child, remember they will be more willing to follow rules if you do too. As a parent, it's important to be a good model for your child, not only with regards to technology but within everyday life. Stepping away from technology offers a chance for you all to spend quality time together and know one another better.
Find the value of physical play
It's clear that you can't keep children from enjoying screen time. You should find a happy way to help kids to be kids, also let them keep up with, and feel a part of the modern world. You can replace screen time with play and physical activity, and even reward your child with items they enjoy if they reduce the time they spend on screen.
36. _______________
37. _______________
38. _______________
39. _______________
40. _______________
41. _______________
42. _______________
43. _______________
44. _______________
45. _______________
阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后的表格里填入最恰当的单词，每个空格只填一个单词。
Now, more and more children take mobile phones. As a result, they spend most of their time on screen. It has been a big problem which always worries parents. Here are some suggestions on how parents can balance screen time with playtime.
Make rules around screen time early on
Before giving your child their first smart phone, make sure that both you and your child learn about online protection, like how to step away from bad apps. These basic but important rules can lead your child to inform you if they receive any text from someone they don't know and not to share their personal information online.
Make a contract (约定) for the whole family
Come up with the contract together—it could cover everything, such as how long the child can spend in front of the screen, what games he can play without supervision (监管) and how he will be punished if he breaks the family law.
Lead by example
When making contracts with your child, remember they will be more willing to follow rules if you do too. As a parent, it's important to be a good model for your child, not only with regards to technology but within everyday life. Stepping away from technology offers a chance for you all to spend quality time together and know one another better.
Find the value of physical play
It's clear that you can't keep children from enjoying screen time. You should find a happy way to help kids to be kids, also let them keep up with, and feel a part of the modern world. You can replace screen time with play and physical activity, and even reward your child with items they enjoy if they reduce the time they spend on screen.
36. _______________
37. _______________
38. _______________
39. _______________
40. _______________
41. _______________
42. _______________
43. _______________
44. _______________
45. _______________
答案
四、任务型阅读
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几个父母如何控制孩子的上网时间的建议。
36. control
37. tips/advice/suggestions
38. avoiding
39. strangers
40. family
41. spent
42. broken
43. closer
44. impossible
45. less
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几个父母如何控制孩子的上网时间的建议。
36. control
37. tips/advice/suggestions
38. avoiding
39. strangers
40. family
41. spent
42. broken
43. closer
44. impossible
45. less
解析
【分析】
这是一篇任务型阅读题，解题时需先通读全文，把握文章主旨（给父母的控制孩子屏幕时间的建议），再逐个对照表格空格与原文内容，注意信息的同义转换、词性变化和语态变化：
1. 先看表格标题，结合文章主旨确定36题的核心动词；
2. 37题对应原文开篇的“some suggestions”，找同义的表示“建议”的词；
3. 38-45题逐个定位原文句子，比如38题原文的“step away from”转换为“avoid”，注意like后接动名词；39题的“someone they don't know”转换为“strangers”；41题注意time和spend的被动关系，用过去分词；42题是主动句转被动句，用过去分词broken等，确保每个空格的形式和语义都符合原文。
【解析】
36. control：文章主旨是父母如何控制孩子的屏幕时间，原文“Here are some suggestions on how parents can balance screen time with playtime”也体现了对屏幕时间的管控，故填control。
37. tips/advice/suggestions：原文第一段明确提到“Here are some suggestions...”，表格中这一栏是给父母的相关建议，这三个词都符合语义。
38. avoiding：原文第二段“like how to step away from bad apps”中“step away from”与“avoid”同义，like是介词，后接动名词形式，故填avoiding。
39. strangers：原文第二段“if they receive any text from someone they don't know”，“someone they don't know”即“strangers（陌生人）”，故填strangers。
40. family：原文第三段“Make a contract (约定) for the whole family”，可知是制定家庭约定，故填family。
41. spent：原文第三段“how long the child can spend in front of the screen”，此处time和spend是被动关系（时间被花费），用过去分词作定语，故填spent。
42. broken：原文第三段“if he breaks the family law”，此处是被动语态“the family law is broken”，故填broken。
43. closer：原文第四段“Stepping away from technology offers a chance for you all to spend quality time together and know one another better”，“know one another better”意味着彼此更亲近，故填closer。
44. impossible：原文第五段“It's clear that you can't keep children from enjoying screen time”，“can't”表示“不可能”，对应“impossible”，故填impossible。
45. less：原文第五段“if they reduce the time they spend on screen”，“reduce the time”即“spend less time”，故填less。
【答案】
36. control
37. tips/advice/suggestions
38. avoiding
39. strangers
40. family
41. spent
42. broken
43. closer
44. impossible
45. less
【知识点】
1. 任务型阅读信息提取
2. 词性转换与语态变化
3. 同义短语转换
【点评】
本文是贴近家庭教育的说明文，任务型阅读主要考查学生对原文信息的精准定位和灵活转换能力，既需要学生细心查找原文对应内容，又要注意词性、语态的变化，对学生的语言综合运用能力有一定要求，内容实用性强，能帮助学生积累家庭教育相关的英语表达。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇任务型阅读题，解题时需先通读全文，把握文章主旨（给父母的控制孩子屏幕时间的建议），再逐个对照表格空格与原文内容，注意信息的同义转换、词性变化和语态变化：
1. 先看表格标题，结合文章主旨确定36题的核心动词；
2. 37题对应原文开篇的“some suggestions”，找同义的表示“建议”的词；
3. 38-45题逐个定位原文句子，比如38题原文的“step away from”转换为“avoid”，注意like后接动名词；39题的“someone they don't know”转换为“strangers”；41题注意time和spend的被动关系，用过去分词；42题是主动句转被动句，用过去分词broken等，确保每个空格的形式和语义都符合原文。
【解析】
36. control：文章主旨是父母如何控制孩子的屏幕时间，原文“Here are some suggestions on how parents can balance screen time with playtime”也体现了对屏幕时间的管控，故填control。
37. tips/advice/suggestions：原文第一段明确提到“Here are some suggestions...”，表格中这一栏是给父母的相关建议，这三个词都符合语义。
38. avoiding：原文第二段“like how to step away from bad apps”中“step away from”与“avoid”同义，like是介词，后接动名词形式，故填avoiding。
39. strangers：原文第二段“if they receive any text from someone they don't know”，“someone they don't know”即“strangers（陌生人）”，故填strangers。
40. family：原文第三段“Make a contract (约定) for the whole family”，可知是制定家庭约定，故填family。
41. spent：原文第三段“how long the child can spend in front of the screen”，此处time和spend是被动关系（时间被花费），用过去分词作定语，故填spent。
42. broken：原文第三段“if he breaks the family law”，此处是被动语态“the family law is broken”，故填broken。
43. closer：原文第四段“Stepping away from technology offers a chance for you all to spend quality time together and know one another better”，“know one another better”意味着彼此更亲近，故填closer。
44. impossible：原文第五段“It's clear that you can't keep children from enjoying screen time”，“can't”表示“不可能”，对应“impossible”，故填impossible。
45. less：原文第五段“if they reduce the time they spend on screen”，“reduce the time”即“spend less time”，故填less。
【答案】
36. control
37. tips/advice/suggestions
38. avoiding
39. strangers
40. family
41. spent
42. broken
43. closer
44. impossible
45. less
【知识点】
1. 任务型阅读信息提取
2. 词性转换与语态变化
3. 同义短语转换
【点评】
本文是贴近家庭教育的说明文，任务型阅读主要考查学生对原文信息的精准定位和灵活转换能力，既需要学生细心查找原文对应内容，又要注意词性、语态的变化，对学生的语言综合运用能力有一定要求，内容实用性强，能帮助学生积累家庭教育相关的英语表达。
【难度系数】
0.6
