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五、阅读下面短文，用英语回答短文后的问题。〔人与自然——环境保护〕
Plastic is probably one of the world's most widely used materials. That's because it is cheap and can be shaped into nearly everything. But how much do we actually know about this material?
The world's first synthetic(人工合成的)plastic was created in 1862. After polyethylene(聚乙烯)was invented in 1933, it became one of the most widely used materials in the world. Years later, with the rapid development of technology, the world entered the time of plastics.
Plastic has many advantages, but at a great cost. More than 400 million tons of plastics are produced every year, and over half of the plastics are for single use. About 19 to 23 million tons of plastic waste end up in lakes, rivers and the sea every year, polluting the environment. Much of it can enter the bodies of animals and humans, harming their health and even leading to death.
Hainan is the first province of China to pass laws to stop the use, sale and production of the single-use plastics. In supermarkets, customers can buy biodegradable(可生物降解的)plastic bags that can break down easily. In a factory in Hainan, we can see that biodegradable materials are made from bamboo. Like trees or grass, they can return to the earth after they dry up.
Hainan's efforts are a step towards a cleaner and greener future. By stopping single-use plastics, the province is helping protect the environment. This also inspires others to take action for a healthier planet.
1. Why do people like using plastic?
2. How many tons of plastics are produced every year?
3. What else can we do to stop plastic waste?
Plastic is probably one of the world's most widely used materials. That's because it is cheap and can be shaped into nearly everything. But how much do we actually know about this material?
The world's first synthetic(人工合成的)plastic was created in 1862. After polyethylene(聚乙烯)was invented in 1933, it became one of the most widely used materials in the world. Years later, with the rapid development of technology, the world entered the time of plastics.
Plastic has many advantages, but at a great cost. More than 400 million tons of plastics are produced every year, and over half of the plastics are for single use. About 19 to 23 million tons of plastic waste end up in lakes, rivers and the sea every year, polluting the environment. Much of it can enter the bodies of animals and humans, harming their health and even leading to death.
Hainan is the first province of China to pass laws to stop the use, sale and production of the single-use plastics. In supermarkets, customers can buy biodegradable(可生物降解的)plastic bags that can break down easily. In a factory in Hainan, we can see that biodegradable materials are made from bamboo. Like trees or grass, they can return to the earth after they dry up.
Hainan's efforts are a step towards a cleaner and greener future. By stopping single-use plastics, the province is helping protect the environment. This also inspires others to take action for a healthier planet.
1. Why do people like using plastic?
Because it is cheap and can be shaped into nearly everything.
2. How many tons of plastics are produced every year?
More than 400 million tons.
3. What else can we do to stop plastic waste?
We can use cloth bags when shopping. (答案不唯一)
答案
1. Because it is cheap and can be shaped into nearly everything. 2. More than 400 million tons. 3. We can use cloth bags when shopping. (答案不唯一)
解析
【分析】本题为英语阅读理解题，需根据短文内容定位对应问题的关键信息作答。第1题需从短文第一段提取人们使用塑料的原因；第2题需从短文第三段提取每年塑料的产量；第3题是开放性问题，结合环保常识给出合理做法即可。
【解析】1. 短文第一段明确说明人们喜欢用塑料的原因是“it is cheap and can be shaped into nearly everything”，直接提取原句即可；2. 短文第三段提到“More than 400 million tons of plastics are produced every year”，直接提取该数据；3. 结合生活实际，购物时用布袋代替塑料袋是合理的减少塑料浪费的做法，符合要求。
【答案】1. Because it is cheap and can be shaped into nearly everything. 2. More than 400 million tons. 3. We can use cloth bags when shopping.
【知识点】英语阅读理解、信息提取、环境保护
【点评】本题围绕环境保护主题，考查学生从短文中定位关键信息的能力，第三题兼具开放性，鼓励学生结合生活实际思考，难度适中，符合人与自然的主题要求。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 短文第一段明确说明人们喜欢用塑料的原因是“it is cheap and can be shaped into nearly everything”，直接提取原句即可；2. 短文第三段提到“More than 400 million tons of plastics are produced every year”，直接提取该数据；3. 结合生活实际，购物时用布袋代替塑料袋是合理的减少塑料浪费的做法，符合要求。
【答案】1. Because it is cheap and can be shaped into nearly everything. 2. More than 400 million tons. 3. We can use cloth bags when shopping.
【知识点】英语阅读理解、信息提取、环境保护
【点评】本题围绕环境保护主题，考查学生从短文中定位关键信息的能力，第三题兼具开放性，鼓励学生结合生活实际思考，难度适中，符合人与自然的主题要求。
【难度系数】0.6
