四、完形填空。〔人与社会——慈善组织〕
There are many charities in the UK. People in London 1 lots of money to charity each year. People usually use the 2 to help children, young people, schools, animals and hospitals.
Charity shops pay some people to work in their shops, 3 other people, called volunteers, work there and get no pay. Many volunteers feel 4 when they see how 5 work helps the community. People can give old clothes, toys, books and 6 things to charity shops. The volunteers then tidy these things to make sure they are 7 before selling them. The money that they get from 8 things always goes to charity. Many people 9 that they can find certain things cheaper at charity shops. You just have to know 10 to look!
Another way to give money to charity is 11 running or cycling(骑行). You can 12 your friends and family to give money to help the charity. Sometimes they give money for every kilometre that you run or 13.
There are many other ways to support charities. Some people organize events such as bake sales, car washes, or even online campaigns(活动) to 14 money for good causes(事业). These events not only raise funds but also bring communities together, showing that 15 can help in their own way.
() 1. A. make
B. need
C. give
D. get
() 2. A. time
B. money
C. clothes
D. books
() 3. A. or
B. because
C. but
D. so
() 4. A. sad
B. happy
C. angry
D. bored
() 5. A. its
B. our
C. his
D. their
() 6. A. another
B. others
C. the other
D. other
() 7. A. clean
B. big
C. delicious
D. cheap
() 8. A. buying
B. selling
C. washing
D. giving
() 9. A. believe
B. remember
C. forget
D. hope
() 10. A. why
B. who
C. what
D. where
() 11. A. at
B. for
C. to
D. by
() 12. A. want
B. ask
C. show
D. visit
() 13. A. ride
B. drive
C. walk
D. fly
() 14. A. save
B. spend
C. raise
D. borrow
() 15. A. everyone
B. someone
C. no one
D. nobody

1~5. CBCBD 6~10. DABAD 11~15. DBACA

【分析】
这是一篇关于英国慈善组织的完形填空，解题时需先通读全文把握“慈善活动的多种形式”这一主旨，再结合语境、词义辨析、固定搭配、逻辑关系等逐个分析选项：先根据上下文确定词汇含义，再通过连词、代词等的用法验证，最终选出符合文意的答案。
【解析】
1. 考查动词搭配：give sth to charity是固定表达，意为“把某物捐给慈善机构”，故选C。
2. 考查名词指代：前文提到人们捐钱给慈善，此处用money指代“捐出的资金”，用于帮助各类对象，故选B。
3. 考查连词逻辑：前半句说慈善商店雇人，后半句说志愿者无偿工作，是转折关系，用but，故选C。
4. 考查形容词情感：志愿者看到自己的工作帮助社区，应感到开心，故选B。
5. 考查代词指代：指代前文“志愿者们的工作”，用their，故选D。
6. 考查代词用法：other things泛指“其他物品”，符合“捐旧物”的语境，故选D。
7. 考查形容词动作：志愿者整理旧物，目的是确保干净后出售，故选A。
8. 考查动词逻辑：从“出售物品”中获得的钱用于慈善，selling符合，故选B。
9. 考查动词含义：很多人“相信”在慈善商店能找到便宜物品，believe符合，故选A。
10. 考查疑问词用法：此处表示“需要知道去哪里找（便宜东西）”，where符合语境，故选D。
11. 考查介词搭配：by doing sth表示“通过某种方式”，通过跑步/骑行捐钱，故选D。
12. 考查动词搭配：ask sb to do sth意为“请求某人做某事”，请求亲友捐钱，故选B。
13. 考查动词对应：前文是run or cycling，对应ride（骑行），故选A。
14. 考查动词搭配：raise money是固定表达，意为“筹钱”，故选C。
15. 考查代词含义：此处表示“每个人都能以自己的方式帮忙”，everyone符合，故选A。
【答案】
1~5. CBCBD 6~10. DABAD 11~15. DBACA
【知识点】
完形填空、词义辨析、固定搭配
【点评】
本文围绕慈善主题展开，考查词汇辨析、逻辑连词、代词、介词等基础知识点，需结合上下文语境分析，难度适中，能帮助学生巩固完形填空的解题思路。
【难度系数】
0.5

五、阅读理解。〔人与社会——公共服务〕
Charity is important. Not only because it can change people's lives, but also because it can change the world. By giving something to charities, we can help those less lucky and support causes we believe in. Whether you're looking for a way to give back or just want to learn more about the work of charities, this post is for you.
A charity is an organization that helps people or communities in need. A charity may raise money from common people, companies and governments. Charities usually work on certain areas such as health care, education, and disaster relief.
Charities provide services that are important to people in need: Food banks provide food for hungry families; churches help people find cheap places to live; hospitals provide free basic care for low-income patients... The list is endless. They help improve the lives of millions of people every day.
Charities are good for you too. Helping others is good for your health and well-being. Volunteering for charities makes you feel like you're making a difference, which in turn builds a sense of community and reduces loneliness. Volunteering for a charity can also help develop a sense of purpose, build friendships or improve social networks, and increase self-confidence.
Charities don't just help people. There are also many charities that protect the environment and conserve(保护) natural resources. The Nature Conservancy, for example, is a global conservation organization that works to preserve the lands and waters on which all life depends. The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) has been working for more than 60 years to protect endangered species and their habitats.
Charities play an important role in our society. They provide necessary services for millions of people every day and play an important role in our economy.
() 1. (创新考法·写作对象)Who is this article written for?
A. People in need of help.
B. People working for charities.
C. People interested in charity work.
D. People planning to raise money.
() 2. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. What charities are.
B. How charities help people in need.
C. Why people give money to charities.
D. Where people find information about charities.
() 3. (创新考法·篇章结构)Which picture best shows the structure of the article?

() 4. Why does the writer write this article?
A. To ask people to learn more about WWF.
B. To show charities' responsibility for nature.
C. To call on people to help with voluntary work.
D. To explain the importance and roles of charities.

1~4. CABD

【分析】
1. 第1题：根据题干“文章写给谁”，定位到第一段最后一句“Whether you're looking for a way to give back or just want to learn more about the work of charities, this post is for you.”，可知目标读者是对慈善工作感兴趣的人，对应选项C。
2. 第2题：题干问第二段主旨，第二段开头明确“A charity is an organization that helps people or communities in need.”，主要解释慈善的定义，对应选项A。
3. 第3题：题干问文章结构，梳理全文：第一段引入慈善的重要性；第二段说明慈善的定义；第三段讲慈善帮助有需要的人；第四段讲慈善对个人的好处；第五段讲慈善还保护自然；第六段总结慈善的重要性和作用，结构为总-分-总，对应选项B。
4. 第4题：题干问作者写作目的，全文围绕慈善的重要性和作用展开说明，对应选项D。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位原文第一段最后一句，明确文章面向想回馈社会或了解慈善工作的人，即对慈善工作感兴趣的人，故选C。
2. 第2题：第二段核心是解释慈善的定义，从“慈善是帮助有需要的人或社区的组织”等内容可判断，主旨为慈善是什么，故选A。
3. 第3题：梳理文章结构：①段引入慈善重要性；②段讲慈善定义；③段讲慈善对有需要者的帮助；④段讲慈善对个人的好处；⑤段讲慈善对自然的保护；⑥段总结慈善的重要性，为总-分-总结构，对应选项B。
4. 第4题：全文从多个角度阐述慈善的重要性和作用，因此作者写作目的是解释慈善的重要性和角色，故选D。
【答案】
1~4. CABD
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解）、阅读理解（主旨大意）、阅读理解（篇章结构）
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解题，围绕“慈善”主题设置了细节理解、主旨大意、篇章结构及作者意图类题目，需要学生精准定位原文信息，梳理文章逻辑结构，准确把握作者写作目的，整体难度适中，符合初中英语阅读理解的考查要求。
【难度系数】
0.6