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第一节 根据下列句子所给汉语注释或首字母，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。
1. The leaves
2. Mom asked me to pack some
3. The villagers moved to
4. The road ahead was
5. After hours of cycling, I felt really t
6. None of the class s
1. The leaves
fall
(掉落) from the trees in autumn.2. Mom asked me to pack some
medicine
(药物) in case I got a headache.3. The villagers moved to
safety
(安全住所) before the flood came.4. The road ahead was
narrow
(狭窄的), and the driver had to be very careful.5. After hours of cycling, I felt really t
hirsty
and couldn't wait to drink some water.6. None of the class s
upported
the idea of having a field trip. We had to give it up.答案
1. fall 2. medicine 3. safety 4. narrow
5. thirsty 6. supported
5. thirsty 6. supported
解析
【分析】
这是英语单词拼写类题型，分为汉语提示填词和首字母提示填词两类，解题思路如下：1. 先通读整句理解语义，确定空缺处所需单词的词义；2. 结合空缺处的位置，判断所需单词的词性；3. 结合句子的时态、名词可数/不可数属性、主谓一致等语法规则，确定单词的正确形式，避免直接照搬词义忽略语法变形的错误。
【解析】
1. 句意：秋天树叶从树上掉落。该句描述的是客观自然规律，使用一般现在时，主语the leaves是复数形式，谓语动词用原形，对应汉语“掉落”的单词为fall。
2. 句意：妈妈让我打包一些药物以防我头疼。表示“药物”的medicine是不可数名词，放在限定词some后直接用原形即可。
3. 句意：村民们在洪水来临前搬到了安全住所。介词to后需要接名词作宾语，对应“安全住所”的名词为safety。
4. 句意：前方的路很狭窄，司机必须非常小心。be动词was后需要接形容词作表语，对应“狭窄的”的形容词为narrow。
5. 句意：骑了几个小时自行车之后，我感觉非常渴，迫不及待要喝点水。根据后文“迫不及待喝水”的语境，结合首字母t，可推断空缺处表示“口渴的”，感官动词felt后接形容词作表语，填thirsty。
6. 句意：班上没有一个人支持去野外郊游的想法，我们不得不放弃它。根据后一句的had to give it up可知句子整体为一般过去时，结合首字母s和语义“支持”，support的过去式为supported。
【答案】
1. fall 2. medicine 3. safety 4. narrow 5. thirsty 6. supported
【知识点】
单词拼写、词性辨析、时态判断
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础类词汇考查题，既考查了课标要求的核心基础词汇的记忆熟练度，也通过语境推断类的首字母填空，锻炼学生结合上下文语义推导词义的能力，同时融入了基础的时态、词性用法考点，整体难度不高，需要学生注意不要忽略语法规则随意填写单词原形。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是英语单词拼写类题型，分为汉语提示填词和首字母提示填词两类，解题思路如下：1. 先通读整句理解语义，确定空缺处所需单词的词义；2. 结合空缺处的位置，判断所需单词的词性；3. 结合句子的时态、名词可数/不可数属性、主谓一致等语法规则，确定单词的正确形式，避免直接照搬词义忽略语法变形的错误。
【解析】
1. 句意：秋天树叶从树上掉落。该句描述的是客观自然规律，使用一般现在时，主语the leaves是复数形式，谓语动词用原形，对应汉语“掉落”的单词为fall。
2. 句意：妈妈让我打包一些药物以防我头疼。表示“药物”的medicine是不可数名词，放在限定词some后直接用原形即可。
3. 句意：村民们在洪水来临前搬到了安全住所。介词to后需要接名词作宾语，对应“安全住所”的名词为safety。
4. 句意：前方的路很狭窄，司机必须非常小心。be动词was后需要接形容词作表语，对应“狭窄的”的形容词为narrow。
5. 句意：骑了几个小时自行车之后，我感觉非常渴，迫不及待要喝点水。根据后文“迫不及待喝水”的语境，结合首字母t，可推断空缺处表示“口渴的”，感官动词felt后接形容词作表语，填thirsty。
6. 句意：班上没有一个人支持去野外郊游的想法，我们不得不放弃它。根据后一句的had to give it up可知句子整体为一般过去时，结合首字母s和语义“支持”，support的过去式为supported。
【答案】
1. fall 2. medicine 3. safety 4. narrow 5. thirsty 6. supported
【知识点】
单词拼写、词性辨析、时态判断
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础类词汇考查题，既考查了课标要求的核心基础词汇的记忆熟练度，也通过语境推断类的首字母填空，锻炼学生结合上下文语义推导词义的能力，同时融入了基础的时态、词性用法考点，整体难度不高，需要学生注意不要忽略语法规则随意填写单词原形。
【难度系数】
0.7
第二节 请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。
narrow chance body and mind roll out focus on to begin with clearly
I finally had the (7) to escape (逃离) into nature. (8) , I chose a path that led to a quiet spot in the woods. It was the perfect place to relax, both (9) .
As I walked, the (10) path seemed to roll out before me, inviting me to take my time and focus on the present moment. I (11) the sounds around me — the rustling leaves, the gentle stream. I (12) my mat (垫子) by the water and sat quietly, completely relaxed.
This was the perfect chance to refresh. By the end of the day, I felt lighter and more balanced. (13) , all you need is a little time in nature to find your center again.
narrow chance body and mind roll out focus on to begin with clearly
I finally had the (7) to escape (逃离) into nature. (8) , I chose a path that led to a quiet spot in the woods. It was the perfect place to relax, both (9) .
As I walked, the (10) path seemed to roll out before me, inviting me to take my time and focus on the present moment. I (11) the sounds around me — the rustling leaves, the gentle stream. I (12) my mat (垫子) by the water and sat quietly, completely relaxed.
This was the perfect chance to refresh. By the end of the day, I felt lighter and more balanced. (13) , all you need is a little time in nature to find your center again.
答案
7. chance 8. To begin with 9. body and mind 10. narrow
11. focused on 12. rolled out 13. Clearly
11. focused on 12. rolled out 13. Clearly
解析
【分析】
这是一篇选词填空类的语用题，解题思路是：第一步先通读所有备选词/短语，明确每个的词义、词性和常用搭配；第二步通读全文，把握文章是讲述作者过去在自然中放松的经历，整体时态为一般过去时；第三步逐空分析空格所在句子的语境、语法属性（比如是否缺定语、谓语、状语，有没有固定搭配的提示），从备选内容里匹配最合适的选项，同时注意形式变化（句首首字母大写、动词变过去式），最后验证所有内容只用一次、逻辑通顺即可。
【解析】
7. 空格前是定冠词the，空格后是to do结构，对应固定搭配have the chance to do sth，意为“有机会做某事”，完全符合“我终于有机会逃进自然”的句意，填原形chance即可。
8. 空格位于句首，用来引出后续的行动步骤，备选短语to begin with意为“首先、一开始”，符合叙事逻辑，句首首字母大写，变为To begin with。
9. 空格前的both提示要填入两个并列的对应部分，前文说这是放松的完美地点，body and mind意为“身心”，刚好对应“身心都得到放松”的含义，直接填入即可。
10. 空格后是名词path（小路），需要填入形容词作定语，备选词narrow是形容词，意为“狭窄的”，narrow path即“狭窄的小路”，符合语境，直接填入narrow。
11. 句子缺少谓语，后文提到“周遭的声响、沙沙的树叶、潺潺的溪流”，对应含义“我将注意力集中在周围的声音上”，全文是过去发生的经历，时态用一般过去时，focus on变为过去式focused on。
12. 后文的宾语是mat（垫子），搭配roll out意为“铺开”，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，变为rolled out。
13. 空格位于句首，修饰后面整个句子，需要填入副词作状语，备选词clearly是副词，意为“显然、显而易见”，符合“很明显你只需要一点在自然中的时间就能找回状态”的句意，句首首字母大写，变为Clearly。
【答案】
7. chance
8. To begin with
9. body and mind
10. narrow
11. focused on
12. rolled out
13. Clearly
【知识点】
固定搭配，一般过去时，词性活用
【点评】
本题属于基础语用类题型，整体叙事逻辑清晰，考点都是初中阶段的核心短语和基础语法，大部分空格可以通过固定搭配直接得出答案，仅两个动词空需要结合全文叙事时态变形，易错点是忽略句首单词的首字母大写规则、动词过去式的拼写错误。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇选词填空类的语用题，解题思路是：第一步先通读所有备选词/短语，明确每个的词义、词性和常用搭配；第二步通读全文，把握文章是讲述作者过去在自然中放松的经历，整体时态为一般过去时；第三步逐空分析空格所在句子的语境、语法属性（比如是否缺定语、谓语、状语，有没有固定搭配的提示），从备选内容里匹配最合适的选项，同时注意形式变化（句首首字母大写、动词变过去式），最后验证所有内容只用一次、逻辑通顺即可。
【解析】
7. 空格前是定冠词the，空格后是to do结构，对应固定搭配have the chance to do sth，意为“有机会做某事”，完全符合“我终于有机会逃进自然”的句意，填原形chance即可。
8. 空格位于句首，用来引出后续的行动步骤，备选短语to begin with意为“首先、一开始”，符合叙事逻辑，句首首字母大写，变为To begin with。
9. 空格前的both提示要填入两个并列的对应部分，前文说这是放松的完美地点，body and mind意为“身心”，刚好对应“身心都得到放松”的含义，直接填入即可。
10. 空格后是名词path（小路），需要填入形容词作定语，备选词narrow是形容词，意为“狭窄的”，narrow path即“狭窄的小路”，符合语境，直接填入narrow。
11. 句子缺少谓语，后文提到“周遭的声响、沙沙的树叶、潺潺的溪流”，对应含义“我将注意力集中在周围的声音上”，全文是过去发生的经历，时态用一般过去时，focus on变为过去式focused on。
12. 后文的宾语是mat（垫子），搭配roll out意为“铺开”，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，变为rolled out。
13. 空格位于句首，修饰后面整个句子，需要填入副词作状语，备选词clearly是副词，意为“显然、显而易见”，符合“很明显你只需要一点在自然中的时间就能找回状态”的句意，句首首字母大写，变为Clearly。
【答案】
7. chance
8. To begin with
9. body and mind
10. narrow
11. focused on
12. rolled out
13. Clearly
【知识点】
固定搭配，一般过去时，词性活用
【点评】
本题属于基础语用类题型，整体叙事逻辑清晰，考点都是初中阶段的核心短语和基础语法，大部分空格可以通过固定搭配直接得出答案，仅两个动词空需要结合全文叙事时态变形，易错点是忽略句首单词的首字母大写规则、动词过去式的拼写错误。
【难度系数】
0.7
二、阅读理解
Rock Climbing and Skateboarding: Fun and Exciting Adventures (冒险)!
If you've ever climbed a wall at the gym or played on climbing frames at the park, you might think rock climbing looks like a fun adventure! And it is! But when you head outdoors to climb real rocks and mountains, it can be a whole new experience. Climbing tall, steep cliffs can be really exciting, but it can also be a bit risky (风险). That's why it's super important to wear the right gear (装备). Always put on a helmet to protect your head, a harness and a rope to help you stay safe. With these tools, you can explore (探险) amazing places and feel like a true adventurer!
①If you love moving fast and feeling the wind in your hair, skateboarding might be perfect for you! ②All you need is a cool skateboard (that's a board with four small wheels), a helmet to protect your head, and some knee pads to keep your knees safe if you fall. Once you've got your gear, grab your board and find a smooth spot to practice. ③Skateboarding is one of the most fun sports out there, but it can be tricky at first. It takes a lot of practice, balance, and patience to learn cool tricks and stay on the board. But don't worry! With time, you'll get better and better. And soon, you'll be zooming around like a pro (专业的)!④
Whether you choose to climb high mountains or ride on wheels, both rock climbing and skateboarding are super exciting activities. They might be a bit challenging (挑战的) at first, but with practice and the right gear, you'll have a blast! So, which adventure will you choose?
(
A. A backpack, a map, and a rope.
B. A helmet, a harness, and a rope.
C. A skateboard, a helmet, and knee pads.
D. A strong pair of shoes, a hat, and a water bottle.
(
A. Because you need to buy an expensive skateboard.
B. Because it takes a lot of practice, balance, and patience.
C. Because there are no good places to practice skateboarding.
D. Because it's very dangerous and there is no way to stay safe.
(
But maybe climbing isn't your thing.
A. ①
B. ②
C. ③
D. ④
(
A. Have a close look.
B. Have a good mind.
C. Have a hard time.
D. Have a good time.
(
A. show the importance of safety gear in all sports
B. show the differences between indoor and outdoor rock climbing
C. describe the excitement and fun of rock climbing and skateboarding
D. describe the danger of going rock climbing and skateboarding
Rock Climbing and Skateboarding: Fun and Exciting Adventures (冒险)!
If you've ever climbed a wall at the gym or played on climbing frames at the park, you might think rock climbing looks like a fun adventure! And it is! But when you head outdoors to climb real rocks and mountains, it can be a whole new experience. Climbing tall, steep cliffs can be really exciting, but it can also be a bit risky (风险). That's why it's super important to wear the right gear (装备). Always put on a helmet to protect your head, a harness and a rope to help you stay safe. With these tools, you can explore (探险) amazing places and feel like a true adventurer!
①If you love moving fast and feeling the wind in your hair, skateboarding might be perfect for you! ②All you need is a cool skateboard (that's a board with four small wheels), a helmet to protect your head, and some knee pads to keep your knees safe if you fall. Once you've got your gear, grab your board and find a smooth spot to practice. ③Skateboarding is one of the most fun sports out there, but it can be tricky at first. It takes a lot of practice, balance, and patience to learn cool tricks and stay on the board. But don't worry! With time, you'll get better and better. And soon, you'll be zooming around like a pro (专业的)!④
Whether you choose to climb high mountains or ride on wheels, both rock climbing and skateboarding are super exciting activities. They might be a bit challenging (挑战的) at first, but with practice and the right gear, you'll have a blast! So, which adventure will you choose?
(
B
) 1. If you are going to try rock climbing for the first time, what must you prepare from the text?A. A backpack, a map, and a rope.
B. A helmet, a harness, and a rope.
C. A skateboard, a helmet, and knee pads.
D. A strong pair of shoes, a hat, and a water bottle.
(
B
) 2. Why does the writer say skateboarding can be tricky at first?A. Because you need to buy an expensive skateboard.
B. Because it takes a lot of practice, balance, and patience.
C. Because there are no good places to practice skateboarding.
D. Because it's very dangerous and there is no way to stay safe.
(
A
) 3. The following sentence can best go to .But maybe climbing isn't your thing.
A. ①
B. ②
C. ③
D. ④
(
D
) 4. What does the underlined phrase have a blast mean here in the text?A. Have a close look.
B. Have a good mind.
C. Have a hard time.
D. Have a good time.
(
C
) 5. The passage mainly wants to .A. show the importance of safety gear in all sports
B. show the differences between indoor and outdoor rock climbing
C. describe the excitement and fun of rock climbing and skateboarding
D. describe the danger of going rock climbing and skateboarding
答案
1.B 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.C
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍攀岩和滑板两项户外运动的说明文，解题时可以按照以下思路逐步完成：1. 先通读全文，明确文章核心是介绍两项运动的趣味性和相关注意事项；2. 针对细节类题目，直接提取题干中的关键词，回到原文对应段落定位原句，比对选项选出正确答案；3. 句子还原类题目要梳理上下文的逻辑关系，判断待插入句子的承上启下作用；4. 词义猜测题结合前后文语境推断短语含义；5. 主旨类题目结合文章标题和首尾段的核心表述，匹配最贴合的主旨选项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段"Always put on a helmet to protect your head, a harness and a rope to help you stay safe."可知，攀岩必须准备的装备是头盔、保护带和绳索，对应选项B。A选项中的背包、地图，D选项中的鞋子、帽子、水瓶原文均未提及，C选项是滑板运动的装备，均排除。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段"Skateboarding is one of the most fun sports out there, but it can be tricky at first. It takes a lot of practice, balance, and patience to learn cool tricks and stay on the board."可知，一开始觉得滑板难的原因是它需要大量的练习、平衡感和耐心，对应选项B。其余选项表述均不符合原文内容。
3. 句子还原题：待插入句子"But maybe climbing isn't your thing."意为“但也许攀岩并不适合你”，起到承上启下的过渡作用：前文全部内容都在介绍攀岩运动，插入该句后自然引出下文对滑板运动的介绍，放在位置①处逻辑最通顺，对应选项A。
4. 词义猜测题：划线短语所在句前文提到两项运动一开始可能有挑战性，但只要有合适的装备、勤加练习，就能获得很好的体验，结合上下文的正向情感倾向，"have a blast"的含义是玩得开心，和选项D"Have a good time"含义一致。
5. 主旨大意题：文章标题直接点明主题为“攀岩和滑板：有趣又刺激的冒险”，全文都在描述两项运动的趣味性和刺激感，对应选项C。A选项“所有运动都要安全装备”表述过于绝对，B选项仅提到攀岩的室内外差异过于片面，D选项“描述两项运动的危险性”和原文主旨不符，均排除。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，词义猜测，主旨大意
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的英语阅读题，大部分题目为直接信息提取类的细节题，主要考察学生快速在原文定位关键信息的能力，同时也涉及基础的逻辑推理和词义猜测能力，内容贴近学生的课外生活，也能引导学生了解户外运动的安全注意事项。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇介绍攀岩和滑板两项户外运动的说明文，解题时可以按照以下思路逐步完成：1. 先通读全文，明确文章核心是介绍两项运动的趣味性和相关注意事项；2. 针对细节类题目，直接提取题干中的关键词，回到原文对应段落定位原句，比对选项选出正确答案；3. 句子还原类题目要梳理上下文的逻辑关系，判断待插入句子的承上启下作用；4. 词义猜测题结合前后文语境推断短语含义；5. 主旨类题目结合文章标题和首尾段的核心表述，匹配最贴合的主旨选项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段"Always put on a helmet to protect your head, a harness and a rope to help you stay safe."可知，攀岩必须准备的装备是头盔、保护带和绳索，对应选项B。A选项中的背包、地图，D选项中的鞋子、帽子、水瓶原文均未提及，C选项是滑板运动的装备，均排除。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段"Skateboarding is one of the most fun sports out there, but it can be tricky at first. It takes a lot of practice, balance, and patience to learn cool tricks and stay on the board."可知，一开始觉得滑板难的原因是它需要大量的练习、平衡感和耐心，对应选项B。其余选项表述均不符合原文内容。
3. 句子还原题：待插入句子"But maybe climbing isn't your thing."意为“但也许攀岩并不适合你”，起到承上启下的过渡作用：前文全部内容都在介绍攀岩运动，插入该句后自然引出下文对滑板运动的介绍，放在位置①处逻辑最通顺，对应选项A。
4. 词义猜测题：划线短语所在句前文提到两项运动一开始可能有挑战性，但只要有合适的装备、勤加练习，就能获得很好的体验，结合上下文的正向情感倾向，"have a blast"的含义是玩得开心，和选项D"Have a good time"含义一致。
5. 主旨大意题：文章标题直接点明主题为“攀岩和滑板：有趣又刺激的冒险”，全文都在描述两项运动的趣味性和刺激感，对应选项C。A选项“所有运动都要安全装备”表述过于绝对，B选项仅提到攀岩的室内外差异过于片面，D选项“描述两项运动的危险性”和原文主旨不符，均排除。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，词义猜测，主旨大意
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的英语阅读题，大部分题目为直接信息提取类的细节题，主要考察学生快速在原文定位关键信息的能力，同时也涉及基础的逻辑推理和词义猜测能力，内容贴近学生的课外生活，也能引导学生了解户外运动的安全注意事项。
【难度系数】
0.8
