一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示填写单词。
1. The charity p food for homeless people.
2. My dog always welcomes me w when I come back home every day.
3. It's easy to get l in the mountainous city of Chongqing.
4. What's the difference between p (小学教育的)school and middle school?
5. Both of my brothers are in the (军队), so we don't see each other often.
1. The charity p food for homeless people.
2. My dog always welcomes me w when I come back home every day.
3. It's easy to get l in the mountainous city of Chongqing.
4. What's the difference between p (小学教育的)school and middle school?
5. Both of my brothers are in the (军队), so we don't see each other often.
答案
1. provides 2. warmly 3. lost
4. primary 5. army
4. primary 5. army
解析
【分析】
这类题是根据句意及首字母或汉语提示填写单词,解题思路为:①通读句子,明确句子语境;②结合给出的首字母或汉语提示,确定单词的核心含义;③根据句子的语法结构(如主语单复数、修饰对象的词性等),确定单词的正确形式(如动词第三人称单数、副词、形容词等)。
【解析】
1. 句意:慈善机构为无家可归的人提供食物。首字母为p,结合语境可知需填表示“提供”的动词provide;主语the charity是第三人称单数,句子为一般现在时,故用provide的第三人称单数形式provides。
2. 句意:每天我回家时,我的狗总是热情地欢迎我。修饰动词welcome需用副词,首字母为w,结合语境可知填warmly(热情地)。
3. 句意:在重庆的山城很容易迷路。固定搭配get lost表示“迷路”,首字母为l,故填lost。
4. 句意:小学和中学之间有什么区别?汉语提示为“小学教育的”,需用形容词修饰名词school,primary(小学教育的)符合要求,primary school是固定短语“小学”。
5. 句意:我的两个兄弟都在军队里,所以我们不常见面。汉语提示为“军队”,固定搭配in the army表示“在军队里”,故填army。
【答案】
1. provides 2. warmly 3. lost 4. primary 5. army
【知识点】
固定搭配、词性运用、动词第三人称单数
【点评】
本题为基础单词填空题,侧重考查核心词汇的拼写、词性变化及固定搭配的掌握,属于英语学习中的基础题型,只要平时注重词汇积累和语法细节,就能轻松完成。
【难度系数】
0.8
这类题是根据句意及首字母或汉语提示填写单词,解题思路为:①通读句子,明确句子语境;②结合给出的首字母或汉语提示,确定单词的核心含义;③根据句子的语法结构(如主语单复数、修饰对象的词性等),确定单词的正确形式(如动词第三人称单数、副词、形容词等)。
【解析】
1. 句意:慈善机构为无家可归的人提供食物。首字母为p,结合语境可知需填表示“提供”的动词provide;主语the charity是第三人称单数,句子为一般现在时,故用provide的第三人称单数形式provides。
2. 句意:每天我回家时,我的狗总是热情地欢迎我。修饰动词welcome需用副词,首字母为w,结合语境可知填warmly(热情地)。
3. 句意:在重庆的山城很容易迷路。固定搭配get lost表示“迷路”,首字母为l,故填lost。
4. 句意:小学和中学之间有什么区别?汉语提示为“小学教育的”,需用形容词修饰名词school,primary(小学教育的)符合要求,primary school是固定短语“小学”。
5. 句意:我的两个兄弟都在军队里,所以我们不常见面。汉语提示为“军队”,固定搭配in the army表示“在军队里”,故填army。
【答案】
1. provides 2. warmly 3. lost 4. primary 5. army
【知识点】
固定搭配、词性运用、动词第三人称单数
【点评】
本题为基础单词填空题,侧重考查核心词汇的拼写、词性变化及固定搭配的掌握,属于英语学习中的基础题型,只要平时注重词汇积累和语法细节,就能轻松完成。
【难度系数】
0.8
二、用 since 或 for 填空。(语法专练)
6. They have learned Chinese
7. I haven't seen her
8. He has stayed here
9. She has had the doll
10. —How long has Mary been a dentist?
—
6. They have learned Chinese
since
they came to China.7. I haven't seen her
for
8 years.8. He has stayed here
since
2019.9. She has had the doll
for
two years.10. —How long has Mary been a dentist?
—
Since
last year.答案
6. since 7. for 8. since 9. for 10. Since
解析
【分析】首先明确现在完成时中since和for的用法区别:since后接时间点(如过去的年份、过去的时间状语从句),表“从……以来”;for后接时间段(如“数+时间单位”),表“持续……时间”。结合各题的时间状语类型逐一判断:
1. 第6题空格后是过去的时间状语从句“they came to China”(时间点),需用since;
2. 第7题空格后是时间段“8 years”,需用for;
3. 第8题空格后是时间点“2019”,需用since;
4. 第9题空格后是时间段“two years”,需用for;
5. 第10题空格后是时间点“last year”,且位于句首,首字母大写,需用Since。
【解析】
1. 第6题:空格后为过去的时间状语从句(时间点),现在完成时中用since引导,故填since;
2. 第7题:空格后为时间段“8 years”,现在完成时中用for引导,故填for;
3. 第8题:空格后为时间点“2019”,现在完成时中用since引导,故填since;
4. 第9题:空格后为时间段“two years”,现在完成时中用for引导,故填for;
5. 第10题:空格后为时间点“last year”,位于句首需大写首字母,故填Since。
【答案】6. since 7. for 8. since 9. for 10. Since
【知识点】现在完成时、since和for的用法
【点评】本题为基础语法专项练习,核心考察现在完成时中since与for的区分用法,需准确判断空格后是时间点还是时间段,属于易掌握的基础考点。
【难度系数】0.2
1. 第6题空格后是过去的时间状语从句“they came to China”(时间点),需用since;
2. 第7题空格后是时间段“8 years”,需用for;
3. 第8题空格后是时间点“2019”,需用since;
4. 第9题空格后是时间段“two years”,需用for;
5. 第10题空格后是时间点“last year”,且位于句首,首字母大写,需用Since。
【解析】
1. 第6题:空格后为过去的时间状语从句(时间点),现在完成时中用since引导,故填since;
2. 第7题:空格后为时间段“8 years”,现在完成时中用for引导,故填for;
3. 第8题:空格后为时间点“2019”,现在完成时中用since引导,故填since;
4. 第9题:空格后为时间段“two years”,现在完成时中用for引导,故填for;
5. 第10题:空格后为时间点“last year”,位于句首需大写首字母,故填Since。
【答案】6. since 7. for 8. since 9. for 10. Since
【知识点】现在完成时、since和for的用法
【点评】本题为基础语法专项练习,核心考察现在完成时中since与for的区分用法,需准确判断空格后是时间点还是时间段,属于易掌握的基础考点。
【难度系数】0.2
三、将下列句子改写成现在完成时。(语法专练)
11. Peter listened to the tape recorder the whole night.
12. We lived here ten years ago.
13. They watched TV three hours ago.
14. My dad returned home four days ago.
15. The farmers planted trees last week.
11. Peter listened to the tape recorder the whole night.
Peter has listened to the tape recorder for the whole night.
12. We lived here ten years ago.
We have lived here since ten years ago.
13. They watched TV three hours ago.
They have watched TV since three hours ago.
14. My dad returned home four days ago.
My dad has been back home for four days.
15. The farmers planted trees last week.
The farmers have planted trees since last week.
答案
11. Peter has listened to the tape recorder for the whole night.
12. We have lived here since ten years ago.
13. They have watched TV since three hours ago.
14. My dad has been back home for four days.
15. The farmers have planted trees since last week.
12. We have lived here since ten years ago.
13. They have watched TV since three hours ago.
14. My dad has been back home for four days.
15. The farmers have planted trees since last week.
解析
【分析】
要将一般过去时的句子改写成现在完成时,需遵循三个步骤:1. 根据主语人称和数确定助动词(第三人称单数用has,其他人称用have);2. 将原句谓语动词改为过去分词形式;3. 把一般过去时的时间状语转换为现在完成时对应的时间状语(常用for+时间段或since+时间点,注意瞬间动词需转换为延续性动词)。
【解析】
11. 主语Peter是第三人称单数,助动词用has;listen的过去分词是listened;原时间状语the whole night是时间段,用for连接,故改写为:Peter has listened to the tape recorder for the whole night.
12. 主语We是复数,助动词用have;live的过去分词是lived;原时间状语ten years ago是时间点,用since连接,故改写为:We have lived here since ten years ago.
13. 主语They是复数,助动词用have;watch的过去分词是watched;原时间状语three hours ago是时间点,用since连接,故改写为:They have watched TV since three hours ago.
14. 主语My dad是第三人称单数,助动词用has;原动词return是瞬间动词,需转换为延续性短语be back,be的过去分词是been;原时间状语four days ago是时间段,用for连接,故改写为:My dad has been back home for four days.
15. 主语The farmers是复数,助动词用have;plant的过去分词是planted;原时间状语last week是时间点,用since连接,故改写为:The farmers have planted trees since last week.
【答案】
11. Peter has listened to the tape recorder for the whole night.
12. We have lived here since ten years ago.
13. They have watched TV since three hours ago.
14. My dad has been back home for four days.
15. The farmers have planted trees since last week.
【知识点】
现在完成时的构成;瞬间动词与延续性动词转换;时间状语的转换
【点评】
本题是现在完成时的语法专项练习,重点考查现在完成时的结构运用、时间状语的适配转换,以及瞬间动词变延续性动词的特殊规则,是巩固时态基础的典型题目,难度适中,适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.3
要将一般过去时的句子改写成现在完成时,需遵循三个步骤:1. 根据主语人称和数确定助动词(第三人称单数用has,其他人称用have);2. 将原句谓语动词改为过去分词形式;3. 把一般过去时的时间状语转换为现在完成时对应的时间状语(常用for+时间段或since+时间点,注意瞬间动词需转换为延续性动词)。
【解析】
11. 主语Peter是第三人称单数,助动词用has;listen的过去分词是listened;原时间状语the whole night是时间段,用for连接,故改写为:Peter has listened to the tape recorder for the whole night.
12. 主语We是复数,助动词用have;live的过去分词是lived;原时间状语ten years ago是时间点,用since连接,故改写为:We have lived here since ten years ago.
13. 主语They是复数,助动词用have;watch的过去分词是watched;原时间状语three hours ago是时间点,用since连接,故改写为:They have watched TV since three hours ago.
14. 主语My dad是第三人称单数,助动词用has;原动词return是瞬间动词,需转换为延续性短语be back,be的过去分词是been;原时间状语four days ago是时间段,用for连接,故改写为:My dad has been back home for four days.
15. 主语The farmers是复数,助动词用have;plant的过去分词是planted;原时间状语last week是时间点,用since连接,故改写为:The farmers have planted trees since last week.
【答案】
11. Peter has listened to the tape recorder for the whole night.
12. We have lived here since ten years ago.
13. They have watched TV since three hours ago.
14. My dad has been back home for four days.
15. The farmers have planted trees since last week.
【知识点】
现在完成时的构成;瞬间动词与延续性动词转换;时间状语的转换
【点评】
本题是现在完成时的语法专项练习,重点考查现在完成时的结构运用、时间状语的适配转换,以及瞬间动词变延续性动词的特殊规则,是巩固时态基础的典型题目,难度适中,适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.3
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