四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整，每个单词或短语限用一次。
everywhere character all over the world call monkey
Nemo is a cute orange-and-white fish and Shrek is an ugly green man. They look very different, but both of them have won the hearts of young people 1. The pictures of these popular cartoon heroes are 2, on office desks, schoolbags and computer screens.
There are also some popular older cartoon 3, for example, the Monkey King. He is the hero of a story 4 Havoc in Heaven. He leads a group of 5 against the Emperor of Heaven(玉皇大帝) and his men.
more than final create experience student
Tintin is another favourite cartoon hero. He has been popular for over ninety years, ever since the artist Herge invented him in 1929. Tintin has red hair and a small white dog. He works for a newspaper and has a lot of exciting 6. Fans have bought about 200 million copies of Tintin's stories in 7 fifty languages. Tintin appeared(出现) in China in the 1980s. Many Chinese 8 collect these black-and-white Tintin books now.
9, Snoopy, a cute dog, celebrated his sixtieth birthday in 2010. Snoopy lives in his own private world and finds real life hard to understand. Charles Schulz 10 Snoopy and his friends, and drew the cartoons to satisfy(使满意) older people as well as children.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

1. all over the world 2. everywhere 3. characters
4. called 5. monkeys 6. experiences 7. more than
8. students 9. Finally 10. created

【分析】
拿到这类选词填空题，首先第一步先通读两个备选框的所有词汇，明确每个词的词义、词性以及可能的词形变化，再通读整篇短文，把握文章核心主题是介绍全球知名的经典卡通形象。接下来逐空分析：先结合空格前后的句子成分判断所需词性，再匹配剩余备选词的语义，同时根据语法规则调整词的正确形式，最后代入所有答案通读验证，确保语义通顺、每个词仅使用一次。
【解析】
1. 空前说明两个卡通形象收获了年轻人的喜爱，搭配备选短语all over the world（全世界），语义为“赢得了全世界年轻人的心”，符合语境，直接填入即可。
2. 后文列举了这些卡通英雄的图片出现在办公桌、书包、电脑屏幕上，说明这类形象的标识随处可见，选everywhere（到处），完全匹配语境。
3. 句意为“还有一些受欢迎的年代更久的卡通角色”，备选词character是可数名词，前面有some修饰，因此要变为复数形式characters。
4. 此处作后置定语修饰前面的名词story，表达“名为《大闹天宫》的故事”的含义，动词call和story是被动关系，因此用过去分词called作后置定语。
5. 句意为“他带领一群猴子对抗玉皇大帝和他的手下”，a group of后接可数名词复数，monkey的复数形式为monkeys。
6. 句意为“他为一家报社工作，有很多令人兴奋的经历”，experience表示“具体经历”时是可数名词，a lot of后接可数名词复数，因此变为experiences。
7. 句意为“粉丝已经购买了约2亿册丁丁的故事书，覆盖50多种语言”，备选短语more than表示“超过、多于”，符合语义要求。
8. 句意为“现在很多中国学生收集这些黑白的丁丁漫画书”，many后接可数名词复数，student的复数形式为students。
9. 空格放在句首作状语，引出最后一个介绍的卡通形象史努比，备选词final要转换为副词Finally，意为“最后”，句首首字母大写。
10. 句意为“查尔斯·舒尔茨创造了史努比和他的朋友们”，该动作发生在过去，因此动词create要变为一般过去式created。
【答案】
1. all over the world 2. everywhere 3. characters
4. called 5. monkeys 6. experiences 7. more than
8. students 9. Finally 10. created
【知识点】
短文选词填空，名词单复数，词形转换
【点评】
本题围绕经典卡通形象展开，题材贴近学生日常认知，既考查学生对备选词汇词义的掌握，也重点考察了可数名词复数、过去分词作后置定语、形容词转副词、动词过去式等语法点，需要学生结合上下文语义和语法规则综合判断，是非常典型的初中英语选词填空题型。
【难度系数】
0.7

五、阅读理解。
Shang Yang was an official(官员) in the state of Qin during the Warring States period(战国时期). To make Qin into a stronger and better state, Shang Yang made some new laws(法律). But the question was: How could he make people trust(信任) him and follow the rules?

Shang Yang got an idea. He set up a tall wooden pole near the south gate of the city. Then he brought his people together and told them, "Anyone who can move(移动) the pole to the north gate will get 10 pieces of gold." People thought this was very strange and didn't try to move the pole.
After seeing that no one was coming, Shang Yang said, "Now I will give 50 pieces of gold to the one who can move the pole to the north gate." This time, a man stood up and moved the pole. Shang Yang gave him 50 pieces of gold as he said.
After that, people thought that they could Shang Yang. So they followed Shang Yang's new laws. Qin became stronger.
()1. Why did Shang Yang give gold to the person who moved a wooden pole?
A. To help people build a new north gate.
B. To test if the people were strong enough.
C. To teach people a lesson about hard work.
D. To let people know he can keep his word.
()2. Which of the following can we use to fill in the blank in the last paragraph?
A. change into
B. move to
C. believe in
D. think about
()3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. There was no law in the state of Qin.
B. People in the state of Qin lived a free life.
C. Keeping one's word can win people's trust.
D. Using a wooden pole to build trust is strange.

1. D 【点拨】根据“After seeing that no one was coming，Shang Yang said，‘Now I will give 50 pieces of gold to the one who can move the pole to the north gate.’ This time，a man stood up and moved the pole. Shang Yang gave him 50 pieces of gold as he said.”可知，有人把柱子移走后，商鞅给这个人50块金子，说明他言而有信，他这样做是为了让人们知道他能信守诺言。故选 D。
2. C 【点拨】根据“So they followed Shang Yang's new laws.”可知，人们遵守商鞅的新法，由此推测出空处指人们“信任”他，才会遵守新法。故选 C。
3. C 【点拨】通读全文可知，本文讲述了商鞅改革初期很难启动，他想到用奖励搬柱子的人的办法让人们相信他是一个言出必行的人，从而使得改革顺利实行的故事。因此我们从中学到：守信用才能赢得人们的信任。故选 C。

【分析】
这是一篇历史典故类的英语阅读理解，解题时首先通读全文梳理故事脉络：战国时期商鞅在秦国想要推行新变法，核心难题是如何让民众信任自己、愿意遵守新规则，于是他用立木南门、兑现高额赏金的方式向民众证明自己言出必行，最终获得民众信任，新法顺利推行让秦国变强。接下来逐个对应题目：第1题要找商鞅给搬杆民众黄金的目的，回到开头他的核心诉求就能推导答案；第2题结合后文民众愿意遵守新法的结果，反推空格处的含义；第3题提炼全文的核心道理，排除不符合原文的错误选项即可选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段可知商鞅的核心困境是无法让民众信任自己、遵守新规，他当众承诺搬木杆到北门就给50金，有人完成后他立刻如数兑现赏金，这个行为的目的就是向民众证明自己可以信守承诺。选项A“帮助民众修建新北城门”原文无提及，选项B“测试民众是否足够强壮”不符合故事逻辑，选项C“给民众上关于努力工作的课”和原文内容无关，因此选D。
2. 空格后说明“民众都遵守商鞅的新法律”，说明商鞅兑现赏金的事件之后，民众对商鞅的态度是信任的。选项A“变成”、选项B“搬到”、选项D“考虑”都不符合语境，只有C“believe in（信任、相信）”完全匹配上下文逻辑，因此选C。
3. 通读全文可知故事核心是商鞅通过兑现承诺获得民众信任，顺利推行变法。选项A“秦国没有法律”错误，原文仅说明商鞅制定新法律，不代表秦国原本没有法律；选项B“秦国民众过着自由的生活”全文没有相关表述；选项D“用木杆建立信任很奇怪”不是文章要传递的核心道理；选项C“守信用可以赢得人们的信任”是全文的主旨，因此选C。
【答案】
1. D 2. C 3. C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找，上下文词义推断，主旨大意理解
【点评】
本题选取了学生较为熟悉的“商鞅立木取信”传统历史典故作为阅读素材，难度梯度设置合理，既考察学生在短文中定位细节信息的基础阅读能力，也兼顾了词义推断、主旨提炼的能力考察，同时还能让学生在解题过程中理解诚信的重要意义。
【难度系数】
0.8