D 跨学科 指南针的发明、发展及意义(2026·宿迁南师附中树人调研)
The compass(指南针) brings a lot to the whole world. It is an important 1 in both China's history and world history. Before it was invented, ancient Chinese on the sea had to 2 the stars to find direction(方向). Travelling was 3 in bad weather. The compass allowed them to tell east, west, south or north 4.
The first compass was called "Sinan". It was invented in China over 2,000 years ago. It's said that a farmer wrote down all he had found. In his 5, he described that some rocks stuck to all the iron(铁) objects. He felt very 6, because he had never seen that before. After that, people called those rocks magnetite(磁铁矿). They found a 7 scene: the magnetite could point in the same direction if it was hung up in a 8 way. After improvement, the spoon-shaped "Sinan" was 9. Its handle(柄) pointed south all the time. Ancient Chinese used it to find 10 to build homes and plant crops.
Later, people developed "Sinan" into "Luopan" with a magnetized steel needle. In the 11th century, people started to use the compass for 11. They could also use it to explore the sea. This made it possible for people to travel across the world's oceans and helped find the New World. As time went on, the compass became more 12 and easier to use. Small mistakes in direction became much fewer. Today, even though there are modern navigation(导航) tools, the compass still 13 an important role in some fields. It 14 us the great wisdom of ancient people and how their inventions have 15 the world.
()1. A. project B. invention C. dream D. plan
()2. A. think of B. care about C. look at D. point at
()3. A. important B. comfortable C. interesting D. difficult
()4. A. easily B. usually C. happily D. patiently
()5. A. promise B. order C. result D. note
()6. A. bored B. relaxed C. surprised D. tired
()7. A. strange B. popular C. main D. simple
()8. A. safe B. certain C. sudden D. quiet
()9. A. drawn B. broken C. created D. needed
()10. A. pictures B. places C. time D. money
()11. A. writing B. driving C. building D. sailing
()12. A. expensive B. correct C. heavy D. colourful
()13. A. plays B. makes C. takes D. does
()14. A. shows B. teaches C. warns D. brings
()15. A. known B. saved C. changed D. forgotten

D ［文章大意］本文主要介绍了指南针的发明、发展及其对世界的重要意义，包括它在历史上的作用、技术改进以及对全球探索和文化传播的影响。
1. B ［解析］考查名词辨析。句意：它在中国历史和世界历史上都是一项重要的发明。project 项目；invention 发明；dream 梦想；plan 计划。根据常识及“It is an important ... in both China's history and world history.”可知，指南针是一项重要发明。故选 B。
2. C ［解析］考查动词短语辨析。句意：在它被发明之前，海上的古代中国人不得不看星星来寻找方向。think of 想起；care about 关心；look at 看；point at 指向。根据“ancient Chinese on the sea had to ... the stars to find direction（方向）”可知，古代中国人在海上通过看星星找方向。故选 C。
3. D ［解析］考查形容词辨析。句意：在恶劣天气里出行很困难。important 重要的；comfortable 舒适的；interesting 有趣的；difficult 困难的。根据“Travelling was ... in bad weather.”可知，恶劣天气里出行很困难。故选 D。
4. A ［解析］考查副词辨析。句意：指南针让他们能轻易辨别东、西、南、北。easily 轻易地；usually 通常；happily 开心地；patiently 耐心地。根据“The compass allowed them to tell east, west, south or north ...”可知，指南针让人们能轻易辨别方向。故选 A。
5. D ［解析］考查名词辨析。句意：在他的记录中，他描述了一些岩石粘在所有铁制物体上。promise 承诺；order 命令；result 结果；note 记录。根据“In his ... he described that some rocks stuck to all the iron（铁）objects.”可知，他在他的记录里描述了这一现象。故选 D。
6. C ［解析］考查形容词辨析。句意：他感到非常惊讶，因为他以前从未见过那样的情况。bored 无聊的；relaxed 放松的；surprised 惊讶的；tired 疲惫的。根据“he had never seen that before”可知，他感到很惊讶。故选 C。
7. A ［解析］考查形容词辨析。句意：他们发现了一个奇怪的现象：如果以某种特定的方式悬挂，磁铁矿可以指向同一个方向。strange 奇怪的；popular 受欢迎的；main 主要的；simple 简单的。根据“the magnetite could point in the same direction”可知，这是一个奇怪的现象。故选 A。
8. B ［解析］考查形容词辨析。句意：同上。safe 安全的；certain 特定的；sudden 突然的；quiet 安静的。根据“if it was hung up in a ... way”可知，以某种特定的方式悬挂。故选 B。
9. C ［解析］考查动词辨析。句意：经过改进，勺形的“司南”被创造出来了。draw 画；break 打破；create 创造；need 需要。根据“After improvement, the spoon-shaped ‘Sinan’ was ...”可知，经过改进，勺形的“司南”被创造出来。故选 C。
10. B ［解析］考查名词辨析。句意：古代中国人用它来找地方建房和种庄稼。picture 图片；place 地方；time 时间；money 钱。根据“Ancient Chinese used it to find ... to build homes and plant crops.”可知，古人用它来找地方建房和种庄稼。故选 B。
11. D ［解析］考查动词辨析。句意：在 11 世纪，人们开始用指南针航海。write 写作；drive 驾驶；build 建造；sail 航海。根据“They could also use it to explore the sea.”可知，人们用指南针航海。故选 D。
12. B ［解析］考查形容词辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，指南针变得更准确且更容易使用。expensive 昂贵的；correct 准确的；heavy 重的；colourful 多彩的。根据“the compass became more ... and easier to use. Small mistakes in direction became much fewer”可知，指南针变得更准确。故选 B。
13. A ［解析］考查固定短语。句意：如今，即使有现代导航工具，指南针在一些领域仍发挥着重要作用。play a role in ... 意为“在……发挥作用”。根据“the compass still ... an important role in some fields”可知，指南针在一些领域仍发挥重要作用。故选 A。
14. A ［解析］考查动词辨析。句意：它向我们展示了古人的伟大智慧，以及他们的发明是如何改变世界的。show 展示；teach 教；warn 警告；bring 带来。根据“It ... us the great wisdom of ancient people”可知，它向我们展示了古人的伟大智慧。故选 A。
15. C ［解析］考查动词辨析。句意：同上。know 知道；save 拯救；change 改变；forget 忘记。根据“how their inventions have ... the world”可知，这些发明改变了世界。故选 C。