三、短文填空
阅读下面短文,根据语境或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Do you know ChatGPT? Do you know it 11.
ChatGPT is a kind of artificial intelligence ( AI, 人工智能 ). It can help us in many ways, such as answering our questions, 12.
There 13.
The number of the 16.
阅读下面短文,根据语境或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Do you know ChatGPT? Do you know it 11.
needs
( need ) water when it is working?ChatGPT is a kind of artificial intelligence ( AI, 人工智能 ). It can help us in many ways, such as answering our questions, 12.
telling
( tell ) us stories and so on. But it is very “thirsty”.There 13.
are
( be ) more than 8,000 data ( 数据 ) centers around the world. When they work, the computers at the data centers get very 14. hot
. They need water to cool down. The cold water goes 15. through
the pipes ( 管道 ) near the computers and takes away the heat ( 热量 ).The number of the 16.
world's
( world ) data centers is growing all the time. People need 17. more
( much ) water to cool down the computers. They can’t use seawater 18. because
it’s bad for the pipes. Most of the water in the world is seawater or ice. We can use only about 1% of the water on the earth. Many people don’t have enough water to drink. But AI is very 19. useful
( use ) for people. How can we use AI 20. wisely
( wise )? All of us should think about it carefully.答案
11. needs 12. telling 13. are 14. hot 15. through 16. world's 17. more 18. because 19. useful 20. wisely
解析
【分析】
做这道短文填空时,首先通读全文,明确文章核心是科普AI运行需要消耗水资源的相关内容,确定全文整体时态为一般现在时。接下来逐个推导空格:有提示词的空格先判断所需词性,结合主谓一致、并列结构、词性转换等语法规则完成变形;无提示词的空格结合上下文逻辑、固定搭配推导合适的介词、连词,确保填入后语义通顺、行文连贯。
【解析】
11. 该空处在宾语从句中作谓语,主语it指代ChatGPT,是第三人称单数,全文为一般现在时,因此谓语动词need要变为第三人称单数形式needs。
12. 该空和前面的answering our questions同属such as后的并列列举内容,介词as后接动名词,因此tell要变为动名词telling。
13. 该空为there be句型的be动词,后面的主语more than 8,000 data centers是复数,一般现在时对应的be动词用are。
14. 根据后文“它们需要水来冷却”的提示,可知数据中心的电脑运行时会变得很热,填入形容词hot作表语。
15. 此处表达冷水从电脑附近的管道内部穿过带走热量,固定搭配go through表示“穿过(内部空间)”,填入介词through。
16. 此处修饰后面的名词data centers,要表达“全世界的”数据中心,用名词所有格world's表所属关系。
17. 根据前文“数据中心的数量一直在增长”的提示,可知人们需要更多的水来冷却电脑,much的比较级more表示“更多的”,符合语境。
18. 空格前“人们不能使用海水”,空格后“它对管道有害”,前后是因果关系,后面是原因,填入连词because。
19. 固定搭配be useful for表示“对……有用”,此处要把动词use变为形容词useful作表语。
20. 此处修饰动词use,需要把形容词wise变为副词wisely,意为“明智地”。
【答案】
11. needs 12. telling 13. are 14. hot 15. through 16. world's 17. more 18. because 19. useful 20. wisely
【知识点】
主谓一致,词性转换,固定搭配
【点评】
本题结合当下热门的ChatGPT科普话题命题,考点覆盖初中英语基础语法核心内容,兼顾提示词变形和语境填词两类题型,既考察学生对时态、非谓语、词性转换等语法规则的掌握,也要求学生结合上下文逻辑推导缺失的介词、连词,难度适中,能有效检验学生的短文语境理解和语法综合运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这道短文填空时,首先通读全文,明确文章核心是科普AI运行需要消耗水资源的相关内容,确定全文整体时态为一般现在时。接下来逐个推导空格:有提示词的空格先判断所需词性,结合主谓一致、并列结构、词性转换等语法规则完成变形;无提示词的空格结合上下文逻辑、固定搭配推导合适的介词、连词,确保填入后语义通顺、行文连贯。
【解析】
11. 该空处在宾语从句中作谓语,主语it指代ChatGPT,是第三人称单数,全文为一般现在时,因此谓语动词need要变为第三人称单数形式needs。
12. 该空和前面的answering our questions同属such as后的并列列举内容,介词as后接动名词,因此tell要变为动名词telling。
13. 该空为there be句型的be动词,后面的主语more than 8,000 data centers是复数,一般现在时对应的be动词用are。
14. 根据后文“它们需要水来冷却”的提示,可知数据中心的电脑运行时会变得很热,填入形容词hot作表语。
15. 此处表达冷水从电脑附近的管道内部穿过带走热量,固定搭配go through表示“穿过(内部空间)”,填入介词through。
16. 此处修饰后面的名词data centers,要表达“全世界的”数据中心,用名词所有格world's表所属关系。
17. 根据前文“数据中心的数量一直在增长”的提示,可知人们需要更多的水来冷却电脑,much的比较级more表示“更多的”,符合语境。
18. 空格前“人们不能使用海水”,空格后“它对管道有害”,前后是因果关系,后面是原因,填入连词because。
19. 固定搭配be useful for表示“对……有用”,此处要把动词use变为形容词useful作表语。
20. 此处修饰动词use,需要把形容词wise变为副词wisely,意为“明智地”。
【答案】
11. needs 12. telling 13. are 14. hot 15. through 16. world's 17. more 18. because 19. useful 20. wisely
【知识点】
主谓一致,词性转换,固定搭配
【点评】
本题结合当下热门的ChatGPT科普话题命题,考点覆盖初中英语基础语法核心内容,兼顾提示词变形和语境填词两类题型,既考察学生对时态、非谓语、词性转换等语法规则的掌握,也要求学生结合上下文逻辑推导缺失的介词、连词,难度适中,能有效检验学生的短文语境理解和语法综合运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
四、书面表达
3 月 22 日是世界水日。假如你是李华,请根据表格提供的信息写一篇发言稿,向同学宣传水的重要性。

要求:
1. 书写规范,行文流畅,语法正确;
2. 70 个词左右,开头与结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear classmates,
I'm happy to share my ideas about the importance of water.
That's all. Thank you for your listening.
3 月 22 日是世界水日。假如你是李华,请根据表格提供的信息写一篇发言稿,向同学宣传水的重要性。
要求:
1. 书写规范,行文流畅,语法正确;
2. 70 个词左右,开头与结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear classmates,
I'm happy to share my ideas about the importance of water.
All living things need water. At home, people use water to cook meals, do washing or cleaning. They also use water to take showers. Outside home, some people travel by ship on rivers or the sea. Some people do exercise in water, and have fun with water.
Animals and plants also need water. Animals need to drink water every day and plants need water to grow.
In short, water is very useful. Let's save water together.
That's all. Thank you for your listening.
答案
参考范文
Dear classmates,
I'm happy to share my ideas about the importance of water.
All living things need water. At home, people use water to cook meals, do washing or cleaning. They also use water to take showers. Outside home, some people travel by ship on rivers or the sea. Some people do exercise in water, and have fun with water.
Animals and plants also need water. Animals need to drink water every day and plants need water to grow.
In short, water is very useful. Let's save water together.
That's all. Thank you for your listening.
Dear classmates,
I'm happy to share my ideas about the importance of water.
All living things need water. At home, people use water to cook meals, do washing or cleaning. They also use water to take showers. Outside home, some people travel by ship on rivers or the sea. Some people do exercise in water, and have fun with water.
Animals and plants also need water. Animals need to drink water every day and plants need water to grow.
In short, water is very useful. Let's save water together.
That's all. Thank you for your listening.
解析
【分析】
拿到这道题首先明确要求:身份是李华,文体是面向同学的发言稿,主题是结合世界水日宣传水的重要性。第一步先把表格里的所有核心要点全部提取出来,避免遗漏:①人类在家用水做饭、清洗;②人类在户外用水出行、娱乐;③动物需要喝水;④植物需要水才能生长。接下来搭建行文逻辑:先总述所有生物都离不开水,再分别介绍人类不同场景的用水需求,接着介绍动植物的用水需求,最后总结水的重要性、发出节水倡议,保证除去给定的开头结尾后总词数在70左右,符合题目要求。
【解析】
写作可按照以下步骤完成:
1. 承接给定开头,先总起点明所有生物都需要水,自然引出下文分述。
2. 对应表格内容介绍人类的用水场景:先写居家场景,把表格的cook、wash拓展为人们用水做饭、清洗打扫;再写户外场景,把travel、have fun拓展为人们可以乘船在水上出行,也可以进行水上活动获得乐趣,完全覆盖人类相关的所有要点。
3. 接着介绍动植物的需求:对应表格内容,说明动物每天都需要饮水,植物需要水才能生长,覆盖剩余的全部要点。
4. 最后收尾总结水非常有用,发出共同节水的呼吁,贴合世界水日的宣传主题,保证行文流畅、语法正确,符合字数要求。
【答案】
Dear classmates,
I'm happy to share my ideas about the importance of water.
All living things need water. At home, people use water to cook meals, do washing or cleaning. They also use water to take showers. Outside home, some people travel by ship on rivers or the sea. Some people do exercise in water, and have fun with water.
Animals and plants also need water. Animals need to drink water every day and plants need water to grow.
In short, water is very useful. Let's save water together.
That's all. Thank you for your listening.
【知识点】
提纲类应用文写作,话题词汇积累,发言稿格式
【点评】
本题属于表格提示类的基础应用文写作,所有核心要点都已经在表格中明确给出,不需要学生自行拓展过多内容,难度较低。学生写作时注意不要遗漏任何表格给出的要点,保证语句通顺、语法正确,最后补充贴合主题的节水倡议,就可以写出符合要求的发言稿。
【难度系数】
0.7
拿到这道题首先明确要求:身份是李华,文体是面向同学的发言稿,主题是结合世界水日宣传水的重要性。第一步先把表格里的所有核心要点全部提取出来,避免遗漏:①人类在家用水做饭、清洗;②人类在户外用水出行、娱乐;③动物需要喝水;④植物需要水才能生长。接下来搭建行文逻辑:先总述所有生物都离不开水,再分别介绍人类不同场景的用水需求,接着介绍动植物的用水需求,最后总结水的重要性、发出节水倡议,保证除去给定的开头结尾后总词数在70左右,符合题目要求。
【解析】
写作可按照以下步骤完成:
1. 承接给定开头,先总起点明所有生物都需要水,自然引出下文分述。
2. 对应表格内容介绍人类的用水场景:先写居家场景,把表格的cook、wash拓展为人们用水做饭、清洗打扫;再写户外场景,把travel、have fun拓展为人们可以乘船在水上出行,也可以进行水上活动获得乐趣,完全覆盖人类相关的所有要点。
3. 接着介绍动植物的需求:对应表格内容,说明动物每天都需要饮水,植物需要水才能生长,覆盖剩余的全部要点。
4. 最后收尾总结水非常有用,发出共同节水的呼吁,贴合世界水日的宣传主题,保证行文流畅、语法正确,符合字数要求。
【答案】
Dear classmates,
I'm happy to share my ideas about the importance of water.
All living things need water. At home, people use water to cook meals, do washing or cleaning. They also use water to take showers. Outside home, some people travel by ship on rivers or the sea. Some people do exercise in water, and have fun with water.
Animals and plants also need water. Animals need to drink water every day and plants need water to grow.
In short, water is very useful. Let's save water together.
That's all. Thank you for your listening.
【知识点】
提纲类应用文写作,话题词汇积累,发言稿格式
【点评】
本题属于表格提示类的基础应用文写作,所有核心要点都已经在表格中明确给出,不需要学生自行拓展过多内容,难度较低。学生写作时注意不要遗漏任何表格给出的要点,保证语句通顺、语法正确,最后补充贴合主题的节水倡议,就可以写出符合要求的发言稿。
【难度系数】
0.7
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