C
Dolphins are my favourite animals. They are one of the cutest animals in the world. Like dogs and cats, dolphins are human's good friends. They are very friendly. They save many people's lives in the water. Dolphins are also very smart. They learn things very quickly and give people shows. Their shows are funny and always make people happy.
But now the number of dolphins is getting smaller and smaller. People throw lots of rubbish in the sea, so there are few places for dolphins to live in. And many of them died because of dirty water and over-hunting.
If we don't stop doing these things, we will lose our good friends one day. So what can we do for dolphins? We should keep seas and rivers clean and put the rubbish at the right place. We shouldn't hunt them for food.
()9. According to the passage, dolphins are animals.
A. short B. dirty
C. cute D. dangerous
()10. The underlined word "They" refers to .
A. Dogs B. Cats
C. People D. Dolphins
()11. What should people do to help dolphins?
A. People should put the rubbish at the right place.
B. People should hunt dolphins to protect them.
C. People should throw less rubbish in the sea.
D. People should make seas dirty.
()12. In which part of a magazine does the passage come from?
A. Animal world.
B. Story time.
C. Travel guide.
D. Geography world.

9—12:CDAA

【分析】
这是一篇动物主题的阅读理解题，解题时可以先标注每道题干的核心关键词，再带着关键词回原文定位对应内容，逐一比对选项排除错误项即可得出答案：第9题找描述海豚特征的原文表述，第10题代词指代题就近往前找前文的核心描述对象，第11题定位到文末介绍保护海豚做法的段落筛选正确行为，第12题结合全文主题判断文章所属的杂志板块。
【解析】
9. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段第二句“They are one of the cutest animals in the world.”，可知海豚是可爱的动物，文中没有提及海豚是矮小、肮脏、危险的动物，因此选C。
10. 代词指代题：划线词They的前一句核心描述对象是dolphins，句意为“像猫狗一样，海豚是人类的好朋友”，紧接着介绍这类动物十分友好，因此They指代的是海豚，选D。
11. 细节理解题：根据原文最后一段“We should keep seas and rivers clean and put the rubbish at the right place.”，可知A选项表述正确；B选项“捕猎海豚来保护它们”和原文“不能捕猎海豚”的表述相悖，C选项“往海里少扔垃圾”不符合原文要求保持海洋洁净、垃圾完全不能随意丢弃入海的要求，D选项“把海洋弄脏”明显错误，因此选A。
12. 文章出处判断题：全文围绕海豚的特征、生存现状以及保护海豚的做法展开，属于动物相关的内容，最可能出现在杂志的“动物世界”板块，选A。
【答案】
9—12: CDAA
【知识点】
阅读细节查找，代词指代判断，文本出处推理
【点评】
本题属于低难度的动物主题阅读理解，重点考察学生的原文信息定位能力，大部分题目都能直接在文中找到对应依据，同时也向学生科普了海豚的相关知识，传递了保护野生动物、保护海洋环境的正向理念。
【难度系数】
0.85

D
How many stars can you see at night? If you live in big cities, most of the time your answers are "just a few" or "none" because of light pollution.
Scientists found that light pollution is harmful to nocturnal animals. These animals sleep during the day and are busy at night. Small animals use darkness to hide and protect themselves. But cloudy skies near cities are much brighter at night. For example, baby sea turtles are born on beaches at night. They find the water through the light of the sea. Man-made lights lead them away from the sea, so many sea turtles die this way every year.
Also, birds need moonlight and starlight to travel or look for food at night. Man-made light can lead them to the wrong places. Every year, a lot of birds die by flying into buildings.
()13. If you live in a big city with light pollution, you can see stars in the sky.
A. always B. usually
C. often D. seldom
()14. What does the underlined word "nocturnal" mean in Chinese?
A. 濒危的 B. 白天活动的
C. 自然界的 D. 夜间活动的
()15. What can we know from the passage?
A. Baby sea turtles are often born during the day.
B. Many birds die because of man-made light.
C. Cloudy skies near cities are much darker at night.
D. Small animals dislike darkness because they don't need to hide.
()16. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Seeing the stars
B. Protecting birds
C. Harmful light pollution
D. Light is harmful

13—16:DDBC

【分析】
这是一篇说明文类阅读理解，解题思路很清晰：首先通读全文把握核心主题是光污染的相关危害，之后每一道题都回到原文对应位置定位信息，逐一比对选项排除错误项即可：第13题找大城市光污染下看星星的描述，第14题结合划线词后的解释句猜词义，第15题逐个核对每个选项和原文内容是否匹配，第16题梳理全文核心内容选出最贴合的主旨标题。
【解析】
13. 定位原文第一段"If you live in big cities, most of the time your answers are 'just a few' or 'none' because of light pollution."，说明在有光污染的大城市里几乎很少能看到星星，选项A总是、B通常、C经常都不符合，D很少符合文意。
14. 定位划线词后的解释句"These animals sleep during the day and are busy at night."，明确说明这类动物白天休息、夜间活动，因此nocturnal的中文含义是夜间活动的。
15. 逐一排查选项：
A选项：原文提到小海龟是夜间在沙滩出生，并非白天，错误；
B选项：人造光会误导鸟类，每年大量鸟类撞建筑死亡，符合原文内容，正确；
C选项：原文提到城市附近的多云夜空夜间更亮，并非更暗，错误；
D选项：原文提到小动物依靠黑暗躲藏保护自己，并非不喜欢黑暗，错误。
16. 全文开篇引入光污染的背景，之后分别介绍光污染对夜间动物、海龟、鸟类的各类危害，核心主题是光污染的害处，因此最佳标题对应C选项。
【答案】
13.D 14.D 15.B 16.C
【知识点】
阅读细节定位，词义猜测，主旨归纳
【点评】
本篇阅读难度适中，大部分题目都可以通过直接回原文定位找到对应依据，仅词义猜测和主旨类题目需要结合上下文简单推导，能够有效锻炼学生快速抓取文本关键信息、避免主观臆断的答题习惯，适合初中低年级学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.7