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四、信息还原(每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Good basic table manners are important because they help make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable at the table. Table manners are mostly common sense. Here are some rules that will carry you through the most common situations.
41.
Eat food bit by bit. 42.
Eat at a leisurely (悠闲的) pace. This rule shows your host that you enjoy the food and the company (陪伴). 43.
Don't stand and reach for food far from you. You are not supposed to get in the way of people either eating or talking. 44.
Don't forget “please” and “thank you”. These are useful words in most situations and especially important at the table.
45.
Compliment (称赞) the cook. Even if the food is terrible，say something nice. It is always pleasant to end a meal in a positive way.
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Good basic table manners are important because they help make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable at the table. Table manners are mostly common sense. Here are some rules that will carry you through the most common situations.
41.
B
You may have heard your mother say it many times. You should know that no one likes to see the food in your mouth.Eat food bit by bit. 42.
F
Don't cut all of your meat at one time. This can remind people of feeding small children and the mess related to this situation.Eat at a leisurely (悠闲的) pace. This rule shows your host that you enjoy the food and the company (陪伴). 43.
C
It shows that you're only paying attention to the food and that you would rather be at home watching the grass grow than spend the time with your host.Don't stand and reach for food far from you. You are not supposed to get in the way of people either eating or talking. 44.
E
Don't forget “please” and “thank you”. These are useful words in most situations and especially important at the table.
45.
A
You don't want people to think that you are tired of their company. If you must leave the table，make your excuses clearly. You want to make people think that you would rather remain at the table talking with them than do anything else，but the matter at hand is so important that it must be dealt with at once.Compliment (称赞) the cook. Even if the food is terrible，say something nice. It is always pleasant to end a meal in a positive way.
答案
41~45 BFCEA
解析
【分析】
做信息还原题时，需先通读短文理解各段落主旨，再分析选项含义，将选项与空缺处的语境逻辑匹配。具体思路：1. 41空后提到“没人喜欢看到你嘴里的食物”，对应选项B；2. 42空后提到“不要一次切完所有肉”，对应选项F；3. 43空前后围绕“吃饭速度对主人的态度”展开，对应选项C；4. 44空前提到“不要站着够远处食物”，对应选项E；5. 45空后提到“离开餐桌要致歉”，对应选项A。
【解析】
1. 41题：空缺后语境是“没人喜欢看到你嘴里的食物”，选项B“Don't speak with your mouth full of food.”（不要嘴里含着食物说话）符合该语境，故41选B。
2. 42题：空缺后语境是“不要一次切完所有肉”，选项F“Cut meat and salad so that part of them doesn't stay out of your mouth after you put them in.”（切肉和沙拉，避免放嘴里后部分外露）与该内容匹配，故42选F。
3. 43题：空缺前说“要悠闲吃体现对主人的尊重”，空后说“只关注食物不关注主人”，选项C“Eating quickly is a sign of disrespect for the host.”（吃得快是对主人不尊重的表现）符合语境，故43选C。
4. 44题：空缺前说“不要站着够远处食物，别妨碍他人”，选项E“It is as impolite as standing in front of a TV with other people behind you.”（这和站在别人身后挡电视一样不礼貌）匹配该内容，故44选E。
5. 45题：空缺后说“离开餐桌要明确致歉”，选项A“Excuse yourself when leaving the table.”（离开餐桌时要致歉）符合语境，故45选A。
【答案】
BFCEA
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、信息还原、餐桌礼仪
【点评】
本题围绕餐桌礼仪的英语表达考查信息还原能力，需结合语篇逻辑匹配选项，难度适中，能考查学生对英语语篇的理解和逻辑匹配能力。
【难度系数】
0.5
做信息还原题时，需先通读短文理解各段落主旨，再分析选项含义，将选项与空缺处的语境逻辑匹配。具体思路：1. 41空后提到“没人喜欢看到你嘴里的食物”，对应选项B；2. 42空后提到“不要一次切完所有肉”，对应选项F；3. 43空前后围绕“吃饭速度对主人的态度”展开，对应选项C；4. 44空前提到“不要站着够远处食物”，对应选项E；5. 45空后提到“离开餐桌要致歉”，对应选项A。
【解析】
1. 41题：空缺后语境是“没人喜欢看到你嘴里的食物”，选项B“Don't speak with your mouth full of food.”（不要嘴里含着食物说话）符合该语境，故41选B。
2. 42题：空缺后语境是“不要一次切完所有肉”，选项F“Cut meat and salad so that part of them doesn't stay out of your mouth after you put them in.”（切肉和沙拉，避免放嘴里后部分外露）与该内容匹配，故42选F。
3. 43题：空缺前说“要悠闲吃体现对主人的尊重”，空后说“只关注食物不关注主人”，选项C“Eating quickly is a sign of disrespect for the host.”（吃得快是对主人不尊重的表现）符合语境，故43选C。
4. 44题：空缺前说“不要站着够远处食物，别妨碍他人”，选项E“It is as impolite as standing in front of a TV with other people behind you.”（这和站在别人身后挡电视一样不礼貌）匹配该内容，故44选E。
5. 45题：空缺后说“离开餐桌要明确致歉”，选项A“Excuse yourself when leaving the table.”（离开餐桌时要致歉）符合语境，故45选A。
【答案】
BFCEA
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、信息还原、餐桌礼仪
【点评】
本题围绕餐桌礼仪的英语表达考查信息还原能力，需结合语篇逻辑匹配选项，难度适中，能考查学生对英语语篇的理解和逻辑匹配能力。
【难度系数】
0.5
