登录
C
新素材 北京四合院 Walking in the hutongs of Beijing, you'll see a yard with the houses and walls on the four sides. It is called siheyuan, a traditional building in China. Si means east, west, south and north and he shows the traditional values传统价值观 of Chinese families.
The big gate is painted red, because red means luck and happiness. Behind the gate, a large screen wall will stand. In the centre of the siheyuan, the courtyard is planted with trees and flowers, with two stony paths leading to the houses on each side.
The whole building usually faces south, with a main room on the northern side, an opposite room in the south, and eastern and western wings厢房 on each side. The old usually live in the main room with good lighting and temperature all year round, while the young would live in other wings.
Today, influenced by受到……影响 social changes, most of these houses are taken down while the others that remain保留 till these days are mostly improved to make them fit for today's modern living. This makes siheyuan a valuable memory of the old Beijing city.
Luckily, architects建筑师 are trying to make a perfect mix of the modern and the traditional culture. For example, the places where athletes stayed during the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing were designed in the shape of siheyuan.
Siheyuan's symmetry对称 design and shared spaces show the values deep in Chinese people's hearts, such as belief in balance and the importance of family and respect for older people. No matter how society has changed, siheyuan is always seen as a symbol of China's rich culture. When you come to Beijing, do visit a siheyuan to feel the heart of Beijing's culture!
(
A. Nature and animal.
B. Food and health.
C. Science and technology.
D. Travel and culture.
(
A. ①
B. ②
C. ③
D. ④
(
A. 被出售
B. 被报道
C. 被拆除
D. 被改良
(
A. Si means four directions and he means wealth and happiness.
B. The big gate of siheyuan is usually painted red, green and black.
C. Most of the siheyuan aren't kept well because of social changes.
D. Siheyuan shows the importance of family and caring for the young.
(
新素材 北京四合院 Walking in the hutongs of Beijing, you'll see a yard with the houses and walls on the four sides. It is called siheyuan, a traditional building in China. Si means east, west, south and north and he shows the traditional values传统价值观 of Chinese families.
The big gate is painted red, because red means luck and happiness. Behind the gate, a large screen wall will stand. In the centre of the siheyuan, the courtyard is planted with trees and flowers, with two stony paths leading to the houses on each side.
The whole building usually faces south, with a main room on the northern side, an opposite room in the south, and eastern and western wings厢房 on each side. The old usually live in the main room with good lighting and temperature all year round, while the young would live in other wings.
Today, influenced by受到……影响 social changes, most of these houses are taken down while the others that remain保留 till these days are mostly improved to make them fit for today's modern living. This makes siheyuan a valuable memory of the old Beijing city.
Luckily, architects建筑师 are trying to make a perfect mix of the modern and the traditional culture. For example, the places where athletes stayed during the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing were designed in the shape of siheyuan.
Siheyuan's symmetry对称 design and shared spaces show the values deep in Chinese people's hearts, such as belief in balance and the importance of family and respect for older people. No matter how society has changed, siheyuan is always seen as a symbol of China's rich culture. When you come to Beijing, do visit a siheyuan to feel the heart of Beijing's culture!
(
D
)36. In what column栏目 can you read the passage in the newspaper?A. Nature and animal.
B. Food and health.
C. Science and technology.
D. Travel and culture.
(
B
)37. 新考法 图示理解 Which position shows where the old people live in siheyuan?A. ①
B. ②
C. ③
D. ④
(
D
)38. What does the underlined word "improved" mean in Chinese?A. 被出售
B. 被报道
C. 被拆除
D. 被改良
(
C
)39. What can we know from the passage?A. Si means four directions and he means wealth and happiness.
B. The big gate of siheyuan is usually painted red, green and black.
C. Most of the siheyuan aren't kept well because of social changes.
D. Siheyuan shows the importance of family and caring for the young.
(
A
)40. 新考法 篇章结构 Which of the following shows the structure of this passage?答案
C
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了四合院。
36. D 文章出处题。根据文章可知,本文主要介绍了四合院,属于中国文化的一部分,由此可推知可以在“旅游和文化”栏目读到此文。故选D。
37. B 图示理解题。根据第三段“The whole building usually faces south, with a main room on the northern side ... The old usually live in the main room”可知,整个建筑通常朝南,北侧有一个主屋,老人通常住在主屋。根据图上指南针可知,在北侧的是②。故选B。
38. D 词义猜测题。根据第四段“to make them fit for today's modern living”可知是被改良了来适应现代的生活。故选D。
39. C 细节理解题。根据第四段“influenced by social changes, most of these houses are taken down”可知,受社会变化的影响,大多数四合院都被拆除了,即由于社会的变化,四合院的大部分没有得到很好的保护。故选C。
40. A 篇章结构题。根据文章可知,第一段介绍了什么是四合院,第二、三段介绍了四合院的外形,第四、五段介绍了四合院的发展,最后一段介绍了四合院的文化价值,文章结构是选项A。故选A。
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了四合院。
36. D 文章出处题。根据文章可知,本文主要介绍了四合院,属于中国文化的一部分,由此可推知可以在“旅游和文化”栏目读到此文。故选D。
37. B 图示理解题。根据第三段“The whole building usually faces south, with a main room on the northern side ... The old usually live in the main room”可知,整个建筑通常朝南,北侧有一个主屋,老人通常住在主屋。根据图上指南针可知,在北侧的是②。故选B。
38. D 词义猜测题。根据第四段“to make them fit for today's modern living”可知是被改良了来适应现代的生活。故选D。
39. C 细节理解题。根据第四段“influenced by social changes, most of these houses are taken down”可知,受社会变化的影响,大多数四合院都被拆除了,即由于社会的变化,四合院的大部分没有得到很好的保护。故选C。
40. A 篇章结构题。根据文章可知,第一段介绍了什么是四合院,第二、三段介绍了四合院的外形,第四、五段介绍了四合院的发展,最后一段介绍了四合院的文化价值,文章结构是选项A。故选A。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍北京传统建筑四合院的说明文，解题时首先通读全文梳理文章核心主题和各段落大意，再结合不同题型的解题技巧逐一突破：1. 文章出处题抓住全文围绕传统文化展开、文末推荐游客到访体验的特点，匹配对应栏目；2. 图示理解题定位老人居所的原文描述，结合建筑朝南、主屋在北侧的方位信息匹配图示位置；3. 词义猜测题结合划线词后文的目的状语，推导单词含义；4. 细节判断题将每个选项和原文内容逐一比对排除错误项；5. 篇章结构题划分各部分的内容模块，匹配正确的结构逻辑。
【解析】
36. 文章主旨围绕中国传统建筑四合院展开，属于传统文化范畴，文末还邀请到北京的游客参观四合院感受北京文化，内容和旅游、文化高度相关。A选项自然与动物、B选项食物与健康、C选项科学与技术均和文章内容无关，排除ABC，选D。
37. 根据原文第三段“The whole building usually faces south, with a main room on the northern side...The old usually live in the main room”可知，老人住在四合院北侧的主屋，结合方位标识“上北下南”，北侧对应的位置为②，选B。
38. 划线词improved的后文给出目的“to make them fit for today's modern living（让它们适配当代现代生活）”，说明是对保留下来的四合院进行改造升级，含义为“被改良”，A被出售、B被报道、C被拆除均不符合语境，选D。
39. 逐一核对选项：A选项原文第一段说明“he体现中国家庭的传统价值观”，并非指代财富幸福，表述错误；B选项原文第二段仅提到四合院大门漆为红色，没有提及绿色和黑色，表述错误；C选项根据第四段“influenced by social changes, most of these houses are taken down”可知，受社会变化影响大部分四合院被拆除，没有得到很好的保留，表述正确；D选项原文最后一段提到四合院体现家庭的重要性和对老人的尊重，并非关爱年轻人，表述错误。因此选C。
40. 梳理全文段落逻辑：第1段总起介绍四合院的基本定义；第2、3段介绍四合院的外观、布局特点；第4、5段介绍四合院在当代的发展现状，以及和现代设计的融合；最后一段总结四合院承载的文化价值，整体结构对应选项A。
【答案】
36.D 37.B 38.D 39.C 40.A
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，词义猜测，篇章结构梳理
【点评】
本题选用北京四合院的传统文化新素材，设置了图示理解、篇章结构等新考法，既考查学生提取文本信息、结合语境推导判断的阅读能力，也渗透了中华优秀传统文化的认知引导，区分度合理。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇介绍北京传统建筑四合院的说明文，解题时首先通读全文梳理文章核心主题和各段落大意，再结合不同题型的解题技巧逐一突破：1. 文章出处题抓住全文围绕传统文化展开、文末推荐游客到访体验的特点，匹配对应栏目；2. 图示理解题定位老人居所的原文描述，结合建筑朝南、主屋在北侧的方位信息匹配图示位置；3. 词义猜测题结合划线词后文的目的状语，推导单词含义；4. 细节判断题将每个选项和原文内容逐一比对排除错误项；5. 篇章结构题划分各部分的内容模块，匹配正确的结构逻辑。
【解析】
36. 文章主旨围绕中国传统建筑四合院展开，属于传统文化范畴，文末还邀请到北京的游客参观四合院感受北京文化，内容和旅游、文化高度相关。A选项自然与动物、B选项食物与健康、C选项科学与技术均和文章内容无关，排除ABC，选D。
37. 根据原文第三段“The whole building usually faces south, with a main room on the northern side...The old usually live in the main room”可知，老人住在四合院北侧的主屋，结合方位标识“上北下南”，北侧对应的位置为②，选B。
38. 划线词improved的后文给出目的“to make them fit for today's modern living（让它们适配当代现代生活）”，说明是对保留下来的四合院进行改造升级，含义为“被改良”，A被出售、B被报道、C被拆除均不符合语境，选D。
39. 逐一核对选项：A选项原文第一段说明“he体现中国家庭的传统价值观”，并非指代财富幸福，表述错误；B选项原文第二段仅提到四合院大门漆为红色，没有提及绿色和黑色，表述错误；C选项根据第四段“influenced by social changes, most of these houses are taken down”可知，受社会变化影响大部分四合院被拆除，没有得到很好的保留，表述正确；D选项原文最后一段提到四合院体现家庭的重要性和对老人的尊重，并非关爱年轻人，表述错误。因此选C。
40. 梳理全文段落逻辑：第1段总起介绍四合院的基本定义；第2、3段介绍四合院的外观、布局特点；第4、5段介绍四合院在当代的发展现状，以及和现代设计的融合；最后一段总结四合院承载的文化价值，整体结构对应选项A。
【答案】
36.D 37.B 38.D 39.C 40.A
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，词义猜测，篇章结构梳理
【点评】
本题选用北京四合院的传统文化新素材，设置了图示理解、篇章结构等新考法，既考查学生提取文本信息、结合语境推导判断的阅读能力，也渗透了中华优秀传统文化的认知引导，区分度合理。
【难度系数】
0.6
