登录
五、阅读理解
Natural disasters, such as earthquakes, rainstorms and strong winds, usually make a big difference to human life. They not only cause property (财产) loss but also take away people's lives.
Strong winds can be very terrible. On March 31st, 2024, strong winds hit Nanchang, Jiangxi Province. The strong winds broke the windows into pieces and blew off three people sleeping at home, causing their deaths. What's worse, more than 1 600 trees were blown down overnight. This deadly disaster was mainly caused by funnelling (狭管效应).
When an earthquake happens, the ground and buildings will shake terribly. In serious situations, buildings may even fall down and bury (埋) people in the ground. The most powerful earthquake in 2025 broke out in Myanmar. At least 5 000 people were killed and lots of people were hurt.
Another example is rainstorms. They can flood many places. Dubai lies on the coast of the Persian Gulf (波斯湾) and has a long and beautiful coastline (海岸线). It doesn't rain a lot. But on April 16th, 2024, a big rainstorm hit Dubai. It rained so much in just 12 hours that it was like a year's worth of rain. The heavy rain flooded roads, shopping malls, and even airports, causing a lot of damage.
To better deal with natural disasters, we need to make our disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief coordination system (防灾救灾机制) better. Also, people should learn ways to protect themselves when facing natural disasters. But most importantly, we should realize that we are not the master of nature, and we need to care about it and respect it.
Mini-dictionary
Facts are true statements. They include names, dates, events and numbers. Opinions tell what we believe, feel or think. They may not be true.
(
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
(
A. It can blow down a lot of trees overnight.
B. It can make buildings fall and kill people.
C. It can flood many places like roads and airports.
D. It can make plants die because of too little water.
(
A. Fact—Opinion—Way B. Fact—Way—Opinion
C. Opinion—Fact—Reason D. Opinion—Reason—Fact
(
A. Why natural disasters can take away people's lives.
B. How we can respect nature and live better with it.
C. Where we can learn about different natural disasters.
D. Which kind of natural disasters is the most dangerous.
Natural disasters, such as earthquakes, rainstorms and strong winds, usually make a big difference to human life. They not only cause property (财产) loss but also take away people's lives.
Strong winds can be very terrible. On March 31st, 2024, strong winds hit Nanchang, Jiangxi Province. The strong winds broke the windows into pieces and blew off three people sleeping at home, causing their deaths. What's worse, more than 1 600 trees were blown down overnight. This deadly disaster was mainly caused by funnelling (狭管效应).
When an earthquake happens, the ground and buildings will shake terribly. In serious situations, buildings may even fall down and bury (埋) people in the ground. The most powerful earthquake in 2025 broke out in Myanmar. At least 5 000 people were killed and lots of people were hurt.
Another example is rainstorms. They can flood many places. Dubai lies on the coast of the Persian Gulf (波斯湾) and has a long and beautiful coastline (海岸线). It doesn't rain a lot. But on April 16th, 2024, a big rainstorm hit Dubai. It rained so much in just 12 hours that it was like a year's worth of rain. The heavy rain flooded roads, shopping malls, and even airports, causing a lot of damage.
To better deal with natural disasters, we need to make our disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief coordination system (防灾救灾机制) better. Also, people should learn ways to protect themselves when facing natural disasters. But most importantly, we should realize that we are not the master of nature, and we need to care about it and respect it.
Mini-dictionary
Facts are true statements. They include names, dates, events and numbers. Opinions tell what we believe, feel or think. They may not be true.
(
B
) 1. How many pieces of news about natural disasters are talked about?A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
(
B
) 2. What kind of damage can an earthquake probably cause?A. It can blow down a lot of trees overnight.
B. It can make buildings fall and kill people.
C. It can flood many places like roads and airports.
D. It can make plants die because of too little water.
(
C
) 3. How does the writer develop Paragraph 2?A. Fact—Opinion—Way B. Fact—Way—Opinion
C. Opinion—Fact—Reason D. Opinion—Reason—Fact
(
B
) 4. What might be talked about in the following paragraph?A. Why natural disasters can take away people's lives.
B. How we can respect nature and live better with it.
C. Where we can learn about different natural disasters.
D. Which kind of natural disasters is the most dangerous.
答案
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B
解析
【分析】
本题为阅读理解类题目，需结合原文内容逐一分析各题：第1题需统计文中提及的自然灾害新闻数量；第2题需定位原文关于地震危害的描述，匹配选项；第3题需分析第二段的行文结构；第4题需结合最后一段主旨推断下文内容。
【解析】
1. 通读全文，文中依次介绍了2024年3月南昌强风灾害、2025年缅甸地震灾害、2024年4月迪拜暴雨灾害，共3种自然灾害相关事件，因此选B。
2. 定位原文第三段，明确地震的危害：“buildings may even fall down and bury people in the ground”“At least 5 000 people were killed”，对应选项B；A为强风的危害，C为暴雨的危害，D与地震无关，因此选B。
3. 分析第二段结构：首先提出“Strong winds can be very terrible.”（观点），接着列举南昌强风的具体事件（事实），最后说明灾害原因是狭管效应（原因），结构为Opinion—Fact—Reason，因此选C。
4. 最后一段核心观点是“we should... care about it and respect it”，围绕“尊重自然”展开，因此下文可能讨论如何尊重自然、与自然更好相处，对应选项B；A（灾害夺命）已提及，C（学习灾害知识）未涉及，D（最危险灾害）未讨论，因此选B。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B
【知识点】
阅读理解细节理解、语篇结构分析、主旨推断
【点评】
本题围绕自然灾害展开，题型涵盖细节查找、语篇结构分析、内容推断，需学生准确提取原文信息，理清段落逻辑，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为阅读理解类题目，需结合原文内容逐一分析各题：第1题需统计文中提及的自然灾害新闻数量；第2题需定位原文关于地震危害的描述，匹配选项；第3题需分析第二段的行文结构；第4题需结合最后一段主旨推断下文内容。
【解析】
1. 通读全文，文中依次介绍了2024年3月南昌强风灾害、2025年缅甸地震灾害、2024年4月迪拜暴雨灾害，共3种自然灾害相关事件，因此选B。
2. 定位原文第三段，明确地震的危害：“buildings may even fall down and bury people in the ground”“At least 5 000 people were killed”，对应选项B；A为强风的危害，C为暴雨的危害，D与地震无关，因此选B。
3. 分析第二段结构：首先提出“Strong winds can be very terrible.”（观点），接着列举南昌强风的具体事件（事实），最后说明灾害原因是狭管效应（原因），结构为Opinion—Fact—Reason，因此选C。
4. 最后一段核心观点是“we should... care about it and respect it”，围绕“尊重自然”展开，因此下文可能讨论如何尊重自然、与自然更好相处，对应选项B；A（灾害夺命）已提及，C（学习灾害知识）未涉及，D（最危险灾害）未讨论，因此选B。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B
【知识点】
阅读理解细节理解、语篇结构分析、主旨推断
【点评】
本题围绕自然灾害展开，题型涵盖细节查找、语篇结构分析、内容推断，需学生准确提取原文信息，理清段落逻辑，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
