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Ⅲ. Read and answer the questions.
①Wang Chengshu was a great scientist who made great contributions to China’s national defense research, but few people knew her name.
②In the 1940s, she studied abroad and worked harder than others. Many foreign universities hoped she would stay. However, she made a surprising decision in 1956. She chose to return to China, for her motherland was in great need of talented people. She gave up her bright future overseas and started all over again for the first time.
③After coming back, she faced a new challenge. She was already a physics expert(专家), but China needed her to work in a new research field. Though she was 44, she took the task at once. It was the second time she started from zero.
④Later, she worked at a secret base in the desert. She was a scientist who had to keep her work secret even from her family. In 1964, China achieved great success in its national defense test. The great woman who played a key role still remained unknown. She kept working quietly with no pride or praise.
⑤Wang Chengshu passed away in 1994. She donated all her savings to help poor students. She was a true hero who changed the country with quiet courage and selfless spirit.
王承书(1912—1994)
()1. Why did Wang Chengshu return to China in 1956?
A. She failed in her studies abroad.
B. She missed her family very much.
C. She couldn’t find a good job abroad.
D. Her motherland needed talented people.
()2. What’s the structure of the passage?
A.
3. Which quality do you admire most in Wang Chengshu? Give your reasons.
①Wang Chengshu was a great scientist who made great contributions to China’s national defense research, but few people knew her name.
②In the 1940s, she studied abroad and worked harder than others. Many foreign universities hoped she would stay. However, she made a surprising decision in 1956. She chose to return to China, for her motherland was in great need of talented people. She gave up her bright future overseas and started all over again for the first time.
③After coming back, she faced a new challenge. She was already a physics expert(专家), but China needed her to work in a new research field. Though she was 44, she took the task at once. It was the second time she started from zero.
④Later, she worked at a secret base in the desert. She was a scientist who had to keep her work secret even from her family. In 1964, China achieved great success in its national defense test. The great woman who played a key role still remained unknown. She kept working quietly with no pride or praise.
⑤Wang Chengshu passed away in 1994. She donated all her savings to help poor students. She was a true hero who changed the country with quiet courage and selfless spirit.
王承书(1912—1994)
()1. Why did Wang Chengshu return to China in 1956?
A. She failed in her studies abroad.
B. She missed her family very much.
C. She couldn’t find a good job abroad.
D. Her motherland needed talented people.
()2. What’s the structure of the passage?
A.
3. Which quality do you admire most in Wang Chengshu? Give your reasons.
答案
1. D 2. D
3. One possible version: Wang Chengshu was selfless because she gave up her bright future abroad to help China.
3. One possible version: Wang Chengshu was selfless because she gave up her bright future abroad to help China.
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含细节理解、文章结构分析及开放性问答三类题型。第1题需定位原文查找王承书1956年回国的原因，对应原文明确表述；第2题需梳理各段落大意，判断文章整体结构；第3题需结合王承书的事迹，阐述其令人敬佩的品质及理由。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：定位原文第②段“she made a surprising decision in 1956. She chose to return to China, for her motherland was in great need of talented people.”，可知她回国是因为祖国需要人才，对应选项D。
2. 文章结构题：第①段总述王承书是伟大科学家却鲜为人知；第②-④段分述她留学回国、转新领域、隐姓埋名工作的经历；第⑤段总结她的贡献与精神，整体为总分总结构，对应选项D。
3. 开放性问答：需结合原文中王承书放弃国外光明前途回国、隐姓埋名投身国防研究、捐积蓄帮助贫困学生等事迹，选取如无私、爱国等品质，给出合理理由即可。
【答案】
1.D 2.D
3. One possible version: Wang Chengshu was selfless because she gave up her bright future abroad to help China.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、文章结构分析
【点评】
本题结合王承书的事迹考查英语阅读能力，涵盖细节查找、结构分析及开放性表达，既考查基础阅读技能，又渗透人物品质的理解，符合英语学科核心素养要求。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含细节理解、文章结构分析及开放性问答三类题型。第1题需定位原文查找王承书1956年回国的原因，对应原文明确表述；第2题需梳理各段落大意，判断文章整体结构；第3题需结合王承书的事迹，阐述其令人敬佩的品质及理由。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：定位原文第②段“she made a surprising decision in 1956. She chose to return to China, for her motherland was in great need of talented people.”，可知她回国是因为祖国需要人才，对应选项D。
2. 文章结构题：第①段总述王承书是伟大科学家却鲜为人知；第②-④段分述她留学回国、转新领域、隐姓埋名工作的经历；第⑤段总结她的贡献与精神，整体为总分总结构，对应选项D。
3. 开放性问答：需结合原文中王承书放弃国外光明前途回国、隐姓埋名投身国防研究、捐积蓄帮助贫困学生等事迹，选取如无私、爱国等品质，给出合理理由即可。
【答案】
1.D 2.D
3. One possible version: Wang Chengshu was selfless because she gave up her bright future abroad to help China.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、文章结构分析
【点评】
本题结合王承书的事迹考查英语阅读能力，涵盖细节查找、结构分析及开放性表达，既考查基础阅读技能，又渗透人物品质的理解，符合英语学科核心素养要求。
【难度系数】
0.5
