一、根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)
1. (十亿) of stars twinkle in the night sky, creating a breathtaking view.
2. Voyager 1 is a (宇宙飞船) that was launched in 1977.
3. Space is full of (神秘) things we don't understand yet.
4. Proxima Centauri is about 40 (万亿) kilometres away.
5. Visiting another star is not (完全) impossible.
6. The Milky Way is just one (星系) in the huge universe.
7. Countries need to (合作) on big space projects.
8. Voyager 1 carried a golden record on (板) with sounds and pictures from Earth.

1. Billions 2. spacecraft 3. mysterious
4. trillion 5. completely 6. galaxy
7. cooperate 8. board

【分析】首先根据每小题给出的汉语提示，结合语境判断所需单词的词性、形式，同时注意固定搭配、数词用法、动词形式等规则：1. 看到“十亿”及后面的of，想到固定搭配billions of（表模糊数量），需用复数；2. “宇宙飞船”直接对应名词；3. 修饰名词需用形容词；4. 具体数字后数词用原形；5. 修饰形容词需用副词；6. one后接单数名词；7. need to后接动词原形；8. 固定短语on board的用法。
【解析】1. 汉语提示“十亿”，结合固定搭配billions of，填Billions；2. “宇宙飞船”对应的英文名词为spacecraft；3. 修饰名词things需用形容词，“神秘”的形容词是mysterious；4. 数词40后接数词原形，“万亿”对应trillion；5. 修饰形容词impossible需用副词，“完全”的副词是completely；6. one后接单数名词，“星系”对应galaxy；7. need to do sth.结构中，to后接动词原形，“合作”对应cooperate；8. 固定短语on board表示“在（飞行器）上”，填board。
【答案】1. Billions 2. spacecraft 3. mysterious 4. trillion 5. completely 6. galaxy 7. cooperate 8. board
【知识点】词汇运用、固定搭配、词性转换
【点评】本题考查基础英语词汇的正确形式运用，涉及固定搭配、词性变化、数词用法等知识点，是英语学习的基础题型，难度较低，适合巩固词汇基础。
【难度系数】0.8

二、单句语法填空
1. Humans have always been curious the universe.
2. The record on Voyager 1 shows who we are and we are from.
3. That spacecraft (launch) into space many years ago.
4. The nearest star is much (far) away than anyone imagined.
5. Since ancient times, people (look) up at the stars with wonder.
6. We should pay more attention to (safe) when cooking to avoid accidents.

1. about 2. where 3. was launched
4. farther 5. have looked 6. safety

【分析】解答单句语法填空需结合固定搭配、从句引导词、动词时态语态、形容词比较级、词性转换等语法规则，逐句分析句子所需成分：1. 由固定搭配be curious about确定介词；2. 分析宾语从句的引导词，根据be from的语境确定地点引导词；3. 结合时间状语和主谓被动关系确定被动语态形式；4. 由比较级标志词than确定形容词的比较级；5. 由现在完成时的时间标志确定谓语动词形式；6. 由介词后接名词的规则转换词性。
【解析】1. 固定搭配be curious about意为“对……好奇”，故填about；2. 此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，be from表示“来自”，需用地点引导词where，故填where；3. 主语That spacecraft与动词launch是被动关系，时间状语many years ago表过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态was launched；4. 句中出现比较级标志词than，形容词far的比较级为farther，故填farther；5. 时间状语Since ancient times（自古以来）是现在完成时的标志，主语people为复数，故谓语用have looked；6. pay attention to中to为介词，后需接名词，形容词safe的名词形式为safety，故填safety。
【答案】1. about 2. where 3. was launched 4. farther 5. have looked 6. safety
【知识点】固定搭配；从句；时态语态
【点评】本题考查单句语法填空的基础语法点，涵盖核心的固定搭配、从句引导词、时态语态等，是学生需掌握的基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6

三、将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中,每词仅用一次
set foot on, cooperate, billion,
completely, in case
For centuries, humans looked at the stars and wondered if we were alone. Last week, a historic moment arrived. Astronauts from several countries 1. to board a new spacecraft, aiming to 2. Mars. Before leaving Earth, they checked everything carefully 3. of emergency during the long journey. They knew that stepping onto another planet would 4. change human history. Now, travelling among 5. of stars, they carry not just tools, but the shared dream of all humankind.

1. cooperated 2. set foot on 3. in case
4. completely 5. billions

【分析】
本题为词语适当形式填空题，需结合语境、语法规则及固定搭配逐一分析每个空：
1. 第一空：句子缺少谓语动词，由时间状语Last week可知时态为一般过去时，方框中动词cooperate需变为过去式；
2. 第二空：aim to do sth为固定结构，需填动词短语，结合语境“踏上火星”，选择set foot on，用原形；
3. 第三空：结合语境“仔细检查以防紧急情况”，需填固定短语in case，构成符合逻辑的搭配；
4. 第四空：需修饰动词change，故用方框中的副词completely；
5. 第五空：需修饰可数名词复数stars，方框中数词需用特定形式构成固定搭配。
【解析】
1. 第一空：根据时间状语Last week，句子用一般过去时，cooperate的过去式为cooperated，故填cooperated；
2. 第二空：aim to后接动词原形，set foot on意为“踏上”，符合“登上新航天器前往火星”的语境，故填set foot on；
3. 第三空：in case of为固定短语，意为“以防”，符合“出发前仔细检查以防紧急情况”的逻辑，故填in case；
4. 第四空：此处需用副词修饰动词change，completely为副词，意为“完全地”，符合语境，故填completely；
5. 第五空：billions of为固定搭配，意为“数十亿的”，修饰stars，故填billions。
【答案】
1. cooperated 2. set foot on 3. in case 4. completely 5. billions
【知识点】
动词适当形式、固定短语搭配、副词用法
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词汇的运用，涉及动词时态、固定搭配、词性变化等知识点，需结合语境和语法规则解题，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6

四、阅读理解
News—China's new manned spacecraft Mengzhou and lunar lander Lanyue plan to land on the moon around 2030. Here are some details of this exciting journey to the moon.
MENGZHOU AND LANYUE
Take Chinese People’s Dream to the Moon Closer
Mengzhou—The manned spacecraft
Meaning of the name: Dream boat
The name carries Chinese people’s space exploration dreams to the moon.
Main tasks:
●Carry out China’s manned lunar exploration
●Support the near-Earth space station operation
Payload(有效载重):
For lunar tasks, it can carry 3 astronauts round trip between the ground and lunar orbit (轨道). For near-Earth orbit tasks, it can carry 7 astronauts round trip between the ground and the space station.
Lanyue—The lunar lander
Meaning of the name: Embracing the moon
The name means Chinese people’s bravery and confidence in exploring the universe and landing on the moon.
Main tasks:
●Transport between the lunar orbit and the lunar surface
●Serve as the centre for astronaut activities, energy supply, and so on
●Support lunar exploration
Payload:
It can carry 2 astronauts round trip, a lunar rover, and scientific equipment.
Exploration Steps
1. Two Long March 10 rockets are launched. One carries Mengzhou and the other carries Lanyue.
2. The two spacecraft meet and join in lunar orbit, and the astronauts enter the lander.
3. The Lanyue lander sends the astronauts to the lunar surface.
4. The astronauts carry out scientific exploration and sample(样本) collection on the lunar surface as planned.
5. After completing the job on the moon, the Lanyue lander takes the astronauts to go up to lunar orbit.
6. The two spacecraft meet and join again, and the astronauts take the lunar samples to the Mengzhou spacecraft.
7. The Mengzhou spacecraft returns to Earth with the moon samples.
()1. Which of the following is one of Mengzhou's tasks?
A. Support lunar exploration.
B. Support the near-Earth space station operation.
C. Travel between the lunar orbit and the lunar surface.
D. Work as the centre for astronaut activities.
()2. According to the exploration steps, how many times can Mengzhou and Lanyue meet?
A. Only once.
B. Twice.
C. Three times.
D. Four times.
()3. Where is this passage probably taken from?
A. A travel magazine.
B. A science book.
C. A newspaper.
D. An advertisement.

1.B 2.B 3.C

【分析】
本题为科技新闻类阅读理解，解题思路如下：1. 先通读全文，明确文章介绍了中国登月的“梦舟”飞船和“揽月”着陆器的相关信息及探索步骤；2. 针对第1题，定位“梦舟”的任务内容，比对选项排除错误项；3. 针对第2题，查找探索步骤中两航天器对接的次数；4. 针对第3题，根据文章开头的“News”判断文章来源。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文中“Mengzhou—The manned spacecraft”下的“Main tasks”部分，明确其任务包括“Support the near-Earth space station operation”，对应选项B；A、C、D均为“Lanyue”的任务，故排除，答案为B。
2. 细节理解题：根据“Exploration Steps”部分，第2步“the two spacecraft meet and join in lunar orbit”为第一次对接，第6步“the two spacecraft meet and join again”为第二次对接，共两次，答案为B。
3. 推理判断题：文章开头标注“News”，说明是新闻类内容，最可能来自报纸，对应选项C；A（旅游杂志）、B（科学书）、D（广告）均不符合新闻的特征，故排除，答案为C。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.C
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解、推理判断）
【点评】
本题考查科技新闻类阅读理解的细节查找与信息推理，题目设置围绕原文具体内容，难度适中，只要仔细定位原文信息即可正确解答。
【难度系数】
0.7