B
What is space travel really like for the astronauts? Many astronauts suffer physical problems, even if they are in space for just a few months. More than two-thirds of all astronauts suffer from motion sickness while travelling in space. In space, the body cannot tell up from down. The body sends confusing signals(混淆信号) to the brain, which can result in feeling sick for a few days.
In space, astronauts' bones get weaker. Being in a weightless environment means that astronauts do not use the muscles(肌肉), so their muscles slowly get weaker. As a result, many astronauts are not able to walk properly for a few days upon their return to Earth. In addition, they are exposed to radiation(辐射) from the sun. This puts them at a higher risk of serious illness.
In addition to physical difficulties, astronauts who travel for long periods may also suffer from psychological stress. Long journeys require astronauts to spend more time inside a spaceship. For example, a round-trip journey to Mars could take about three years. Being confined in a small space for such a long period of time is not healthy.
Astronauts—especially those who achieved important "firsts" such as Gagarin and Armstrong—are often seen as exciting adventurers. This may be right, but their efforts to explore the universe are also worth remembering.
()5. According to Paragraph 1, what physical problem do astronauts suffer?
A. Their hearts send weakened signals to their bodies.
B. They may feel sick because of confusing signals.
C. They may live shorter after travelling in space.
D. Their brains often get less blood and water.
()6. What mainly makes astronauts' muscles slowly get weaker?
A. The weightless environment.
B. Food in space.
C. Radiation from the sun.
D. Astronauts' exercise.
()7. What does the underlined word "confined" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Kept.
B. Trained.
C. Allowed.
D. Served.
()8. What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?
A. To encourage people to be the first ones to visit Mars.
B. To question whether humans are able to go to Mars soon.
C. To discuss what is the best health care for astronauts in space.
D. To remind us of the price astronauts pay for exploring the universe.

5.B 6.A 7.A 8.D

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，需针对每个小题的问题，精准定位原文对应段落，提取关键信息解答：第5题定位第一段找宇航员的身体问题；第6题定位第二段找肌肉变弱的原因；第7题结合第三段语境猜测划线词词义；第8题梳理全文内容把握作者写作目的。
【解析】
5题：定位第一段，原文提到宇航员因身体向大脑发送混淆信号导致恶心，对应选项B；A选项原文是身体而非心脏发送信号，C、D原文未提及，故选B。
6题：定位第二段，原文明确说明失重环境下宇航员不用肌肉，导致肌肉变弱，对应选项A，故选A。
7题：第三段提到宇航员长时间待在狭小空间，“confined”意为“待在、被限制在”，选项A（kept，此处指处于）符合语境，故选A。
8题：全文讲述宇航员太空旅行的身体、心理代价，最后一段强调其探索宇宙的付出，对应选项D，故选D。
【答案】
5.B 6.A 7.A 8.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】
本题围绕太空旅行对宇航员的影响展开，考查学生信息定位、词义推断和主旨把握能力，需仔细研读原文对应内容，避免混淆干扰选项。
【难度系数】
0.3

读后词汇拓展 猜出画波浪线单词的词性和中文意思，并收入自己的小词典。
myth

n. 神话

【分析】
本题为词汇拓展题，需结合日常积累的英语词汇知识判断myth的词性和含义。回忆所学基础词汇，myth是表示神话相关的常用词，可据此确定其词性与中文意思。
【解析】
myth的词性为名词，中文意思是神话。
【答案】
n. 神话
【知识点】
英语词汇；名词词义
【点评】
本题属于基础词汇积累题，侧重考查日常词汇储备，帮助学生巩固核心词汇，拓展词汇量。
【难度系数】
0.8