Ⅳ. 根据上下文意思，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式补全短文。
whole discover drop wise
explore ill inspire great
create courage
Qi Baishi is a world-famous art master in China.
He was born in a poor family from Xiangtan, Hunan Province. He had to 1. out of school after less than a year because of 2. . One day, he found a Chinese painting guidebook, which 3. his interest in painting pictures. That was an important 4. in his life. After that, he decided to learn by himself and later became a master of art through his hard work and 5. to follow his own path (路径).
In 1902, he started to travel around China. He visited famous places, met many people and saw different kinds of art pieces. The 6. of nature and daily life helped him gain rich experiences and skills, which helped him become one of the 7. artists in the world.
His paintings are generally about the small things of the world, such as fish, shrimps (虾) and frogs. Behind these simple subjects lies deep 8. about nature and life. "Mouse and Cat with Lamp" is one of them. In the picture on the right, a mouse is standing on the top of a long pole (杆子). Under the pole is a cat. They are so lively that it looks as if they would jump out of the paper to fight.
All the works were 9. by Qi Baishi in a fresh way, which expressed his love for nature and life. His talents and skills amazed the 10. world a lot. He was really a master of art and the pride of humans.

1. drop 2. illness 3. inspired
4. discovery 5. courage
6. exploration 7. greatest
8. wisdom 9. created
10. whole

【分析】
首先通读短文，理解全文讲述齐白石生平及艺术成就的语境；明确方框内单词的词义与词性：whole（形容词，全部的）、discover（动词，发现）、drop（动词，放弃）、wise（形容词，明智的）、explore（动词，探索）、ill（形容词，生病的）、inspire（动词，启发）、great（形容词，伟大的）、create（动词，创造）、courage（名词，勇气）；再结合每个空格的语法要求（词性、时态、语态、固定搭配）和语境，选择合适单词并调整形式。
【解析】
1. 空格前为had to，需接动词原形，固定搭配drop out of school意为“辍学”，故填drop。
2. 空格前为介词短语because of，需接名词，ill的名词形式为illness（疾病），符合“因病辍学”的语境，故填illness。
3. 空格所在定语从句缺谓语，结合前文found为过去式，此处用动词过去式，inspire的过去式为inspired，意为“启发”，符合“激发绘画兴趣”的语境，故填inspired。
4. 空格前为形容词important，需接名词，discover的名词形式为discovery（发现），符合“人生中重要的发现”的语境，故填discovery。
5. 空格前为并列连词and，连接两个名词作through的宾语，courage（勇气）符合“通过努力和勇气走自己的路”的语境，故填courage。
6. 空格前为定冠词the，需接名词，explore的名词形式为exploration（探索），符合“对自然和日常生活的探索”的语境，故填exploration。
7. 固定结构one of + 形容词最高级 + 名词，great的最高级为greatest，意为“最伟大的艺术家之一”，故填greatest。
8. 空格前为形容词deep，需接名词，wise的名词形式为wisdom（智慧），符合“简单主题背后蕴含深刻智慧”的语境，故填wisdom。
9. 空格前为were，结合语境是被动语态，需填动词过去分词，create的过去分词为created，意为“被创作”，故填created。
10. 固定搭配the whole world意为“全世界”，符合“他的才华震惊了全世界”的语境，故填whole。
【答案】
1. drop 2. illness 3. inspired 4. discovery 5. courage 6. exploration 7. greatest 8. wisdom 9. created 10. whole
【知识点】
词汇运用、词性转换、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为短文选词填空题，考查学生对词汇的词义、词性及形式变化的掌握，要求结合语境和语法知识解题，是初中英语常见题型，难度适中，能有效考查学生综合语言运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.5

Ⅴ. 阅读短文，回答问题。
Shi Guangyin is one of the winners of the July 1 Medal (“七一勋章”).
He comes from a county (县) next to the Mu Us Desert. In the past,
many local people had to leave their homes to keep away from the strong sandstorms.
In the 1970s, the government called on people to make the desert green again. Shi decided to plant trees
to fight against the sandstorms. To buy young trees, he sold almost all his things. He also encouraged villagers to go into the desert for a greener future.
However, it was not an easy thing. Nearly 90% of the trees they planted died at first. The villagers were sad and lost heart. But Shi said he would never give up.
In the following years, Shi asked many experts for advice and tried new ways to take care of the young trees. Finally, his hard work led to success. More than 80% of the trees grew well in the harsh environment. The yellow desert gradually turned into a green forest. They've finally built a "Green Great Wall" over 50 km long in the desert.
People always kindly call Shi "Uncle in the Desert". Now, the forest coverage in the county has increased greatly.
"We plan to improve the forest in the next five years," Shi said. "By following the right plans, the forest will be more beautiful and greener."
1. Why did local people leave the county in the past?

2. When did the government call on people to green the desert?

3. How did the villagers feel when they saw most of the young trees die?

4. Which word in the text means “恶劣的” in Chinese?

5. What do you think of Shi Guangyin?

1. Because they wanted to keep away from the strong sandstorms.
2. In the 1970s.
3. They felt sad and lost heart.
4. It is “harsh”.
5. I think he is determined and hard-working/brave.（答案合理即可）

【分析】这是一道英语阅读理解题，解题思路为：1. 先通读短文，把握短文讲述石光银治沙的核心内容；2. 针对每个问题，回到原文中定位对应的关键语句，提取或匹配所需信息；3. 主观评价类题目需结合人物事迹，给出合理且符合文意的看法。
【解析】1. 问题问过去当地人离开该县的原因，定位到原文第一段“In the past, many local people had to leave their homes to keep away from the strong sandstorms.”，提取原因即可；2. 问题问政府号召绿化沙漠的时间，定位到原文“In the 1970s, the government called on people to make the desert green again.”，提取时间；3. 问题问村民看到大部分树苗死亡的感受，定位到原文“The villagers were sad and lost heart.”，提取感受；4. 问题问文中对应“恶劣的”的单词，原文“in the harsh environment”中harsh意为“恶劣的”，匹配即可；5. 问题问对石光银的看法，结合他卖树治沙、不放弃、请教专家、成功造绿的事迹，评价其有决心、勤奋等，合理即可。
【答案】1. Because they wanted to keep away from the strong sandstorms.
2. In the 1970s.
3. They felt sad and lost heart.
4. It is “harsh”.
5. I think he is determined and hard-working/brave.（答案合理即可）
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测
【点评】本题为英语阅读理解基础题型，主要考查学生提取文本关键信息、词义匹配及人物评价的能力，解题时需仔细阅读短文，精准定位对应语句，主观评价需结合人物事迹作答。
【难度系数】0.8