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第二节 根据句意，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空
11. She gave an of joy when she heard the news. (express)
12. We should pay attention to traffic . (safe)
13. His made him miss the exam. (ill)
14. A driver caused the accident. (care)
15. The experience made him grow up. (pain)
11. She gave an of joy when she heard the news. (express)
12. We should pay attention to traffic . (safe)
13. His made him miss the exam. (ill)
14. A driver caused the accident. (care)
15. The experience made him grow up. (pain)
答案
11. expression 12. safety 13. illness 14. careless 15. painful
解析
【分析】
本题为英语词性转换填空题，需根据句子结构（如空格前后的词性、冠词、物主代词等）确定所需单词的词性，再将括号内的词转换为对应词性：11题空格前是冠词an，需填名词；12题空格前是名词traffic，需填名词构成固定搭配；13题空格前是物主代词his，需填名词；14题空格后是名词driver，需填形容词修饰；15题空格后是名词experience，需填形容词修饰。
【解析】
11. 冠词an后接可数名词单数，动词express的名词形式为expression，故填expression；
12. 名词traffic需搭配名词构成“交通安全”，形容词safe的名词形式为safety，故填safety；
13. 物主代词his后接名词，形容词ill的名词形式为illness，故填illness；
14. 修饰名词driver需用形容词，根据句意“粗心的司机导致事故”，名词care的形容词形式careless符合语境，故填careless；
15. 修饰名词experience需用形容词，名词pain的形容词形式为painful，故填painful。
【答案】
11. expression 12. safety 13. illness 14. careless 15. painful
【知识点】
英语词性转换、名词用法、形容词用法
【点评】
本题考查基础英语词性转换，要求掌握常见词汇的词性变化规则，结合句子结构和语境判断所需词性，属于英语基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语词性转换填空题，需根据句子结构（如空格前后的词性、冠词、物主代词等）确定所需单词的词性，再将括号内的词转换为对应词性：11题空格前是冠词an，需填名词；12题空格前是名词traffic，需填名词构成固定搭配；13题空格前是物主代词his，需填名词；14题空格后是名词driver，需填形容词修饰；15题空格后是名词experience，需填形容词修饰。
【解析】
11. 冠词an后接可数名词单数，动词express的名词形式为expression，故填expression；
12. 名词traffic需搭配名词构成“交通安全”，形容词safe的名词形式为safety，故填safety；
13. 物主代词his后接名词，形容词ill的名词形式为illness，故填illness；
14. 修饰名词driver需用形容词，根据句意“粗心的司机导致事故”，名词care的形容词形式careless符合语境，故填careless；
15. 修饰名词experience需用形容词，名词pain的形容词形式为painful，故填painful。
【答案】
11. expression 12. safety 13. illness 14. careless 15. painful
【知识点】
英语词性转换、名词用法、形容词用法
【点评】
本题考查基础英语词性转换，要求掌握常见词汇的词性变化规则，结合句子结构和语境判断所需词性，属于英语基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
第三节 将下列句子中的汉语部分译成英语，注意使用适当的形式
16. It's not easy for him the sadness of losing his pet. （克服）
17. She a bad cold last week, so she didn't come to school. （遭受；患……病）
18. Don't your dream even if you meet lots of difficulties. （放弃）
19. If you feel sick, you'd better first before seeing a doctor. （量体温）
20. The doctor told the old man and have a good rest after the operation. （躺下）
16. It's not easy for him the sadness of losing his pet. （克服）
17. She a bad cold last week, so she didn't come to school. （遭受；患……病）
18. Don't your dream even if you meet lots of difficulties. （放弃）
19. If you feel sick, you'd better first before seeing a doctor. （量体温）
20. The doctor told the old man and have a good rest after the operation. （躺下）
答案
16. to get over；17. caught；18. give up；19. take your temperature；20. to lie down
解析
【分析】
本题考查英语常用固定短语及句式的运用，需结合句型结构、时态、动词形式等知识点解题：16题涉及固定句型It's + adj + for sb to do sth，需用动词不定式；17题考查固定短语搭配及一般过去式的时态运用；18题涉及祈使句的否定形式，Don't后接动词原形；19题考查固定搭配had better do sth，需用动词原形；20题涉及固定搭配tell sb to do sth，需用动词不定式。
【解析】
16. 固定句型为It's + adj + for sb to do sth，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，“克服”对应的英语短语是get over，故此处填动词不定式to get over；
17. 固定短语catch a bad cold表示“患重感冒”，时间状语last week提示用一般过去时，catch的过去式为caught，故填caught；
18. 祈使句的否定形式为Don't + 动词原形，“放弃”对应的英语短语是give up，故填give up；
19. 固定搭配had better do sth意为“最好做某事”，“量体温”对应的英语短语是take one's temperature，主语为you，故填take your temperature；
20. 固定搭配tell sb to do sth意为“告诉某人做某事”，“躺下”对应的英语短语是lie down，故填动词不定式to lie down。
【答案】
16. to get over；17. caught；18. give up；19. take your temperature；20. to lie down
【知识点】
动词不定式用法；固定短语搭配；一般过去式
【点评】
本题为英语基础题型，考查常用短语及核心句式的运用，需牢记相关句型结构和短语的正确形式，注意时态、动词形式的变化，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.4
本题考查英语常用固定短语及句式的运用，需结合句型结构、时态、动词形式等知识点解题：16题涉及固定句型It's + adj + for sb to do sth，需用动词不定式；17题考查固定短语搭配及一般过去式的时态运用；18题涉及祈使句的否定形式，Don't后接动词原形；19题考查固定搭配had better do sth，需用动词原形；20题涉及固定搭配tell sb to do sth，需用动词不定式。
【解析】
16. 固定句型为It's + adj + for sb to do sth，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，“克服”对应的英语短语是get over，故此处填动词不定式to get over；
17. 固定短语catch a bad cold表示“患重感冒”，时间状语last week提示用一般过去时，catch的过去式为caught，故填caught；
18. 祈使句的否定形式为Don't + 动词原形，“放弃”对应的英语短语是give up，故填give up；
19. 固定搭配had better do sth意为“最好做某事”，“量体温”对应的英语短语是take one's temperature，主语为you，故填take your temperature；
20. 固定搭配tell sb to do sth意为“告诉某人做某事”，“躺下”对应的英语短语是lie down，故填动词不定式to lie down。
【答案】
16. to get over；17. caught；18. give up；19. take your temperature；20. to lie down
【知识点】
动词不定式用法；固定短语搭配；一般过去式
【点评】
本题为英语基础题型，考查常用短语及核心句式的运用，需牢记相关句型结构和短语的正确形式，注意时态、动词形式的变化，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.4
二、知识巩固
Mark is an 8th-grader. He used to have good eyesight, but recently he found it hard to see the blackboard clearly. His mum took him to the hospital, and the doctor said his eyesight got worse because he used electronic devices（设备）too much.
The doctor 1 Mark a pair of glasses and gave him some important advice. First, he shouldn't 2 more than 2 hours on his phone or computer every day. Second, when reading or using electronic devices, he should stop every 20 minutes to follow the “20-20-20 rule” —look at something 20 feet（about 6 metres）away for 20 seconds. This helps his eyes 3. Third, he should keep the screen brightness（亮度）the same as the room light—too bright or too dark light is bad for his eyes.
At school, Mark's teacher, Ms Lee, also noticed his problem. She told Mark to sit in the front row so he could see the blackboard 4. She also reminded the whole class to follow the “20-20-20 rule” during class breaks. “Many students now have eye problems 5 they don't protect their eyes well,” Ms Lee said. “We must learn to take care of our eyes early.”
Mark followed the doctor's and teacher's advice. Every time he wanted to play his phone for a long time, he 6 himself of the doctor's words. He also followed the “20-20-20 rule” strictly. After two weeks, Mark found it easier to see the blackboard, and his eyes didn't feel tired as often as before.
7, Mark realized that small changes in habits could make a big difference to his eyesight.
Mark is an 8th-grader. He used to have good eyesight, but recently he found it hard to see the blackboard clearly. His mum took him to the hospital, and the doctor said his eyesight got worse because he used electronic devices（设备）too much.
The doctor 1 Mark a pair of glasses and gave him some important advice. First, he shouldn't 2 more than 2 hours on his phone or computer every day. Second, when reading or using electronic devices, he should stop every 20 minutes to follow the “20-20-20 rule” —look at something 20 feet（about 6 metres）away for 20 seconds. This helps his eyes 3. Third, he should keep the screen brightness（亮度）the same as the room light—too bright or too dark light is bad for his eyes.
At school, Mark's teacher, Ms Lee, also noticed his problem. She told Mark to sit in the front row so he could see the blackboard 4. She also reminded the whole class to follow the “20-20-20 rule” during class breaks. “Many students now have eye problems 5 they don't protect their eyes well,” Ms Lee said. “We must learn to take care of our eyes early.”
Mark followed the doctor's and teacher's advice. Every time he wanted to play his phone for a long time, he 6 himself of the doctor's words. He also followed the “20-20-20 rule” strictly. After two weeks, Mark found it easier to see the blackboard, and his eyes didn't feel tired as often as before.
7, Mark realized that small changes in habits could make a big difference to his eyesight.
答案
1. prescribed 2. spend 3. relax 4. clearly 5. because 6. reminded 7. Finally
解析
【分析】
这是一道英语完形填空题，需结合上下文语境、固定搭配、词性及逻辑关系确定答案。解题时先通读全文理解大意，再逐空分析：1. 医生给Mark配眼镜，需考虑固定搭配及时态；2. 考查spend的固定用法；3. 结合20-20-20规则的作用；4. 修饰动词需用副词；5. 分析前后因果逻辑；6. 考查remind的固定搭配；7. 选择总结性副词。
【解析】
1. 第一空：根据语境“医生给Mark配眼镜”，固定搭配prescribe sb. sth.（给某人配某物），此处用一般过去式，故填prescribed；
2. 第二空：固定搭配spend time on sth.（在某事上花费时间），情态动词should后接动词原形，故填spend；
3. 第三空：20-20-20规则是让眼睛放松，help sb. do sth.结构，故填relax；
4. 第四空：修饰动词see需用副词，坐前排是为了清楚地看黑板，故填clearly；
5. 第五空：前后分句为因果关系，学生有眼问题是因为没保护好眼睛，故填because；
6. 第六空：固定搭配remind sb. of sth.（提醒某人某事），此处用一般过去式，故填reminded；
7. 第七空：此处为总结前文的副词，意为“最后”，故填Finally。
【答案】
1. prescribed 2. spend 3. relax 4. clearly 5. because 6. reminded 7. Finally
【知识点】
英语完形填空、固定搭配、副词用法
【点评】
本题考查英语完形填空的综合运用能力，涉及固定搭配、词性、逻辑关系等知识点，需结合上下文语境分析，难度适中，适合巩固英语基础知识。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一道英语完形填空题，需结合上下文语境、固定搭配、词性及逻辑关系确定答案。解题时先通读全文理解大意，再逐空分析：1. 医生给Mark配眼镜，需考虑固定搭配及时态；2. 考查spend的固定用法；3. 结合20-20-20规则的作用；4. 修饰动词需用副词；5. 分析前后因果逻辑；6. 考查remind的固定搭配；7. 选择总结性副词。
【解析】
1. 第一空：根据语境“医生给Mark配眼镜”，固定搭配prescribe sb. sth.（给某人配某物），此处用一般过去式，故填prescribed；
2. 第二空：固定搭配spend time on sth.（在某事上花费时间），情态动词should后接动词原形，故填spend；
3. 第三空：20-20-20规则是让眼睛放松，help sb. do sth.结构，故填relax；
4. 第四空：修饰动词see需用副词，坐前排是为了清楚地看黑板，故填clearly；
5. 第五空：前后分句为因果关系，学生有眼问题是因为没保护好眼睛，故填because；
6. 第六空：固定搭配remind sb. of sth.（提醒某人某事），此处用一般过去式，故填reminded；
7. 第七空：此处为总结前文的副词，意为“最后”，故填Finally。
【答案】
1. prescribed 2. spend 3. relax 4. clearly 5. because 6. reminded 7. Finally
【知识点】
英语完形填空、固定搭配、副词用法
【点评】
本题考查英语完形填空的综合运用能力，涉及固定搭配、词性、逻辑关系等知识点，需结合上下文语境分析，难度适中，适合巩固英语基础知识。
【难度系数】
0.6
