三、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Hello, I'm Peter. One day when I went by the park, I saw Lucy, Lily and Cathy. Lucy and Lily are twins. Cathy is my sister. They 1. ______ (walk) in the park. I wanted to play with them but I was afraid that they didn't speak to me, because I had a fight with them a few days ago. So I hid behind a tree and watched them. While I 2. ______ (watch) them, suddenly a cat ran down the tree. The three girls were shocked. After a while they calmed down(平静下来). Then they 3. ______ (begin) to talk about their dreams.
Lucy said, "I 4. (become) a famous doctor when I grow up." While Lily 5. (talk) about her dream, something else happened. A small boy ran to them. While he 6. (run), he fell down. Lily stopped talking. All of us 7. (go) to help the boy. He was hurt badly. When we 8. (discuss) which hospital we would take him to, the boy's mother arrived. Without saying anything, she 9. (call) 120 for help. While all of us 10. (wait) for help, another accident happened.
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Hello, I'm Peter. One day when I went by the park, I saw Lucy, Lily and Cathy. Lucy and Lily are twins. Cathy is my sister. They 1. ______ (walk) in the park. I wanted to play with them but I was afraid that they didn't speak to me, because I had a fight with them a few days ago. So I hid behind a tree and watched them. While I 2. ______ (watch) them, suddenly a cat ran down the tree. The three girls were shocked. After a while they calmed down(平静下来). Then they 3. ______ (begin) to talk about their dreams.
Lucy said, "I 4. (become) a famous doctor when I grow up." While Lily 5. (talk) about her dream, something else happened. A small boy ran to them. While he 6. (run), he fell down. Lily stopped talking. All of us 7. (go) to help the boy. He was hurt badly. When we 8. (discuss) which hospital we would take him to, the boy's mother arrived. Without saying anything, she 9. (call) 120 for help. While all of us 10. (wait) for help, another accident happened.
答案
1. were walking 2. was watching 3. began
4. will become / am going to become 5. was talking
6. was running 7. went 8. were discussing
9. called 10. were waiting
4. will become / am going to become 5. was talking
6. was running 7. went 8. were discussing
9. called 10. were waiting
解析
【分析】
首先通读全文可知,本篇是讲述过去某一天发生在公园的一系列事件,整体叙事背景为过去的时间范畴,解题核心是区分一般过去时和过去进行时的适用场景,同时注意直接引语中的时态规则:
1. 先判断动作属性:如果是过去某个时间点正在发生的延续性动作,尤其在while引导的时间状语从句中,要使用过去进行时(was/were + 现在分词);如果是过去发生的、已经完成的瞬间动作,使用动词的一般过去式。
2. 遇到直接引语里的时间状语提示,比如第4空的when I grow up,符合“主将从现”规则,主句要使用一般将来时。
3. 逐个结合主语的人称单复数匹配对应的be动词形式,再结合动词变形规则填写正确形式即可。
【解析】
1. 前文提到我路过公园看到她们,强调“我看到她们的那个时刻,她们正在公园里走”,主语是they,为复数,过去进行时结构为were walking。
2. 此处是while引导的时间状语从句,强调“我正注视着她们的过程中”猫突然跑下来,主语是I,过去进行时结构为was watching。
3. 此处描述她们冷静下来之后开始讨论梦想,是过去发生的已完成的瞬间动作,用一般过去时,begin的过去式为began。
4. 该空在Lucy的直接引语中,后面的时间状语从句when I grow up用一般现在时表将来,符合主将从现规则,主句表达将来的打算,可用will become或者am going to become。
5. while引导时间状语从句,强调“Lily正在谈论自己梦想的时候”意外事件发生,主语Lily是第三人称单数,过去进行时结构为was talking。
6. while引导时间状语从句,强调“小男孩正在跑的过程中”摔倒了,主语是he,第三人称单数,过去进行时结构为was running。
7. 此处描述我们所有人都过去帮忙,是过去发生的已完成的动作,用一般过去时,go的过去式为went。
8. 此处是when引导的时间状语从句,强调“我们正在讨论要送他去哪家医院的过程中”男孩的妈妈到了,主语是we,为复数,过去进行时结构为were discussing。
9. 此处描述男孩妈妈什么都没说就拨打了120,是过去发生的已完成的瞬间动作,用一般过去时,call的过去式为called。
10. while引导时间状语从句,强调“我们所有人正在等待救援的过程中”又发生了另一起事故,主语all of us是复数,过去进行时结构为were waiting。
【答案】
1. were walking 2. was watching 3. began
4. will become / am going to become 5. was talking
6. was running 7. went 8. were discussing
9. called 10. were waiting
【知识点】
过去进行时
一般过去时
一般将来时
【点评】
本题围绕过去场景下的动作时态辨析设置考点,重点考察学生对while引导时间状语从句的时态搭配规则的掌握,区分延续性动作和瞬间动作对应的时态形式,同时兼顾了直接引语中的主将从现规则,考点覆盖基础核心时态知识点,适合巩固初中动词时态相关内容。
【难度系数】
0.7
首先通读全文可知,本篇是讲述过去某一天发生在公园的一系列事件,整体叙事背景为过去的时间范畴,解题核心是区分一般过去时和过去进行时的适用场景,同时注意直接引语中的时态规则:
1. 先判断动作属性:如果是过去某个时间点正在发生的延续性动作,尤其在while引导的时间状语从句中,要使用过去进行时(was/were + 现在分词);如果是过去发生的、已经完成的瞬间动作,使用动词的一般过去式。
2. 遇到直接引语里的时间状语提示,比如第4空的when I grow up,符合“主将从现”规则,主句要使用一般将来时。
3. 逐个结合主语的人称单复数匹配对应的be动词形式,再结合动词变形规则填写正确形式即可。
【解析】
1. 前文提到我路过公园看到她们,强调“我看到她们的那个时刻,她们正在公园里走”,主语是they,为复数,过去进行时结构为were walking。
2. 此处是while引导的时间状语从句,强调“我正注视着她们的过程中”猫突然跑下来,主语是I,过去进行时结构为was watching。
3. 此处描述她们冷静下来之后开始讨论梦想,是过去发生的已完成的瞬间动作,用一般过去时,begin的过去式为began。
4. 该空在Lucy的直接引语中,后面的时间状语从句when I grow up用一般现在时表将来,符合主将从现规则,主句表达将来的打算,可用will become或者am going to become。
5. while引导时间状语从句,强调“Lily正在谈论自己梦想的时候”意外事件发生,主语Lily是第三人称单数,过去进行时结构为was talking。
6. while引导时间状语从句,强调“小男孩正在跑的过程中”摔倒了,主语是he,第三人称单数,过去进行时结构为was running。
7. 此处描述我们所有人都过去帮忙,是过去发生的已完成的动作,用一般过去时,go的过去式为went。
8. 此处是when引导的时间状语从句,强调“我们正在讨论要送他去哪家医院的过程中”男孩的妈妈到了,主语是we,为复数,过去进行时结构为were discussing。
9. 此处描述男孩妈妈什么都没说就拨打了120,是过去发生的已完成的瞬间动作,用一般过去时,call的过去式为called。
10. while引导时间状语从句,强调“我们所有人正在等待救援的过程中”又发生了另一起事故,主语all of us是复数,过去进行时结构为were waiting。
【答案】
1. were walking 2. was watching 3. began
4. will become / am going to become 5. was talking
6. was running 7. went 8. were discussing
9. called 10. were waiting
【知识点】
过去进行时
一般过去时
一般将来时
【点评】
本题围绕过去场景下的动作时态辨析设置考点,重点考察学生对while引导时间状语从句的时态搭配规则的掌握,区分延续性动作和瞬间动作对应的时态形式,同时兼顾了直接引语中的主将从现规则,考点覆盖基础核心时态知识点,适合巩固初中动词时态相关内容。
【难度系数】
0.7
一、根据句意及提示填写单词
1. The crowd began to
2. It's important to share
3. The dog will
4. There was a lot of white
5. She decided to
1. The crowd began to
scream
(尖叫) when the singer appeared on the stage.2. It's important to share
knowledge
(知识) with others to help each other learn.3. The dog will
guard
(保卫) the house and bark at strangers.4. There was a lot of white
froth
(泡沫) on the surface of the beer after he poured it.5. She decided to
refuse
(拒绝) the invitation because she had other plans.答案
1. scream 2. knowledge 3. guard 4. froth
5. refuse
5. refuse
解析
【分析】
做这类根据中文提示填写单词的题目,解题思路分为三步:第一先通读完整句子,准确理解句子的整体含义;第二观察空格前后的词汇搭配,判断空格处需要的词性,同时结合语法规则确定单词的正确形式,比如不定式结构、情态动词后要接动词原形,形容词后要接名词等;第三结合给出的中文提示匹配对应的正确英文单词,最后代入句子验证语义和语法是否通顺,避免出现形式错误。
【解析】
1. 句子含义:当歌手出现在舞台上时,人群开始尖叫。固定搭配begin to do sth. 要求空格处接动词原形,中文提示“尖叫”对应的动词为scream,因此填scream。
2. 句子含义:和他人分享知识、互助学习是很重要的。动词share后需要接名词作宾语,中文提示“知识”对应的英文是不可数名词knowledge,无需变形,因此填knowledge。
3. 句子含义:这只狗会保卫房子,对着陌生人吠叫。情态动词will后要求接动词原形,中文提示“保卫”对应的符合语境的动词为guard,因此填guard。
4. 句子含义:他倒完啤酒之后,啤酒表面浮着很多白色的泡沫。形容词white后需要接名词,指代饮品表面泡沫的“泡沫”对应的英文是不可数名词froth,因此填froth。
5. 句子含义:她决定拒绝这份邀请,因为她有其他安排。固定搭配decide to do sth. 要求空格处接动词原形,中文提示“拒绝”对应的动词为refuse,因此填refuse。
【答案】
1. scream 2. knowledge 3. guard 4. froth 5. refuse
【知识点】
动词原形搭配,不可数名词,汉译英拼写
【点评】
本题属于基础词汇考查题,全部都是初中阶段课标要求掌握的核心词汇,重点考察学生对基础单词的记忆和基础语法搭配的应用能力,做题时要注意不要忽略不定式、情态动词后的动词形式要求,同时注意部分名词的不可数属性,避免不必要的失分。
【难度系数】
0.8
做这类根据中文提示填写单词的题目,解题思路分为三步:第一先通读完整句子,准确理解句子的整体含义;第二观察空格前后的词汇搭配,判断空格处需要的词性,同时结合语法规则确定单词的正确形式,比如不定式结构、情态动词后要接动词原形,形容词后要接名词等;第三结合给出的中文提示匹配对应的正确英文单词,最后代入句子验证语义和语法是否通顺,避免出现形式错误。
【解析】
1. 句子含义:当歌手出现在舞台上时,人群开始尖叫。固定搭配begin to do sth. 要求空格处接动词原形,中文提示“尖叫”对应的动词为scream,因此填scream。
2. 句子含义:和他人分享知识、互助学习是很重要的。动词share后需要接名词作宾语,中文提示“知识”对应的英文是不可数名词knowledge,无需变形,因此填knowledge。
3. 句子含义:这只狗会保卫房子,对着陌生人吠叫。情态动词will后要求接动词原形,中文提示“保卫”对应的符合语境的动词为guard,因此填guard。
4. 句子含义:他倒完啤酒之后,啤酒表面浮着很多白色的泡沫。形容词white后需要接名词,指代饮品表面泡沫的“泡沫”对应的英文是不可数名词froth,因此填froth。
5. 句子含义:她决定拒绝这份邀请,因为她有其他安排。固定搭配decide to do sth. 要求空格处接动词原形,中文提示“拒绝”对应的动词为refuse,因此填refuse。
【答案】
1. scream 2. knowledge 3. guard 4. froth 5. refuse
【知识点】
动词原形搭配,不可数名词,汉译英拼写
【点评】
本题属于基础词汇考查题,全部都是初中阶段课标要求掌握的核心词汇,重点考察学生对基础单词的记忆和基础语法搭配的应用能力,做题时要注意不要忽略不定式、情态动词后的动词形式要求,同时注意部分名词的不可数属性,避免不必要的失分。
【难度系数】
0.8
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