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Ⅳ. Read and complete the tasks.
A. Complete the conversation with proper sentences in the box. There is one extra option.
Betty: Dad, we learnt about making electricity from water today. 1.
Dad: It’s true! We call this hydroelectric power. “Hydro” means water, and it’s a powerful source of energy in the world.
Betty: Really? 2.
Dad: First, we build a dam across a river. Then, water from the lake is released quickly through tunnels in the dam.
Betty: What happens next?
Dad: The fast water passes through big machines called turbines (涡轮机). Their fan-like blades (桨叶) spin, and they make generators (发电机) spin too. 3.
Betty: Do you know how many hydroelectric dams there are in China?
Dad: More than 90,000! They produce about 14 percent of the country’s electricity every year.
Betty: Wow! 4.
Dad: A lot! They stop flooding by storing water from heavy rain. They also give us lakes for boating, fishing, and even water for homes and farms.
A. Dams are so useful!
B. Finally, generators create electricity.
C. Can you believe that water makes electricity?
D. It’s amazing that water powers the world!
E. That gives me a great idea for my science project.
B. Think and write.
Choose another kind of clean energy and tell why it is good for the earth.
A. Complete the conversation with proper sentences in the box. There is one extra option.
Betty: Dad, we learnt about making electricity from water today. 1.
C
Dad: It’s true! We call this hydroelectric power. “Hydro” means water, and it’s a powerful source of energy in the world.
Betty: Really? 2.
D
So, how does it actually work?Dad: First, we build a dam across a river. Then, water from the lake is released quickly through tunnels in the dam.
Betty: What happens next?
Dad: The fast water passes through big machines called turbines (涡轮机). Their fan-like blades (桨叶) spin, and they make generators (发电机) spin too. 3.
B
Betty: Do you know how many hydroelectric dams there are in China?
Dad: More than 90,000! They produce about 14 percent of the country’s electricity every year.
Betty: Wow! 4.
A
What other things can they do?Dad: A lot! They stop flooding by storing water from heavy rain. They also give us lakes for boating, fishing, and even water for homes and farms.
A. Dams are so useful!
B. Finally, generators create electricity.
C. Can you believe that water makes electricity?
D. It’s amazing that water powers the world!
E. That gives me a great idea for my science project.
B. Think and write.
Choose another kind of clean energy and tell why it is good for the earth.
One possible version: Wind energy is another kind of clean energy. It is good for the earth because it doesn't produce harmful gases or pollute the air, unlike coal or oil. Also, wind is a renewable resource—we will never run out of it.
答案
Ⅳ. A. 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A
B. One possible version: Wind energy is another kind of clean energy. It is good for the earth because it doesn't produce harmful gases or pollute the air, unlike coal or oil. Also, wind is a renewable resource—we will never run out of it.
B. One possible version: Wind energy is another kind of clean energy. It is good for the earth because it doesn't produce harmful gases or pollute the air, unlike coal or oil. Also, wind is a renewable resource—we will never run out of it.
解析
【分析】
对于A部分补全对话：首先通读对话，明确主题是关于水力发电的交流。然后逐个分析空格的语境：
1. 第一空，Betty刚提到学了用水发电，爸爸回应“It’s true!”，所以此处需要一个表达对“水可以发电”这件事的疑问或惊叹的句子，引导爸爸确认并展开讲解。
2. 第二空，爸爸说明水力是强大的能源后，Betty用“Really?”回应，接下来应是表达对水力能驱动世界的惊讶，自然引出对发电原理的提问。
3. 第三空，爸爸正在讲解水力发电的步骤，涡轮机带动发电机转动后，下一步必然是发电机产生电力，需要一个承接步骤的句子。
4. 第四空，Betty得知中国水坝的规模和发电量后发出惊叹，此处应先赞叹水坝的用处，再进一步询问其他作用。
对于B部分写作：需要先选定一种清洁能源，比如风能、太阳能等，然后从环保性、可再生性等角度阐述其对地球的益处，语言要通顺清晰。
【解析】
A.
1. 第1空：根据前文Betty提及学习用水发电，后文爸爸的回应“It’s true!”，选项C“Can you believe that water makes electricity?”符合语境，能自然引发爸爸的确认和讲解。
2. 第2空：前文爸爸指出水力是世界上强大的能源，Betty的“Really?”体现惊讶，选项D“It’s amazing that water powers the world!”既承接前文内容，又能顺畅引出对发电原理的提问。
3. 第3空：爸爸在讲解水力发电的流程，涡轮机带动发电机转动后，选项B“Finally, generators create electricity.”是发电步骤的最终环节，符合逻辑顺序。
4. 第4空：前文介绍了中国水坝的数量和发电量，Betty的“Wow!”表达惊叹，选项A“Dams are so useful!”先肯定水坝的价值，再自然过渡到询问其他作用。
B.
选择风能作为例子，先点明其属于清洁能源，然后从两个方面说明优势：一是不会产生有害气体、污染空气，区别于传统化石能源；二是风能是可再生资源，不会枯竭，能持续为地球提供能源。
【答案】
Ⅳ. A. 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A
B. One possible version: Wind energy is another kind of clean energy. It is good for the earth because it doesn't produce harmful gases or pollute the air, unlike coal or oil. Also, wind is a renewable resource—we will never run out of it.
【知识点】
对话语境衔接；英语书面表达；清洁能源认知
【点评】
本题分为对话补全和书面表达两部分，A部分考查学生结合上下文逻辑进行语句衔接的能力，需要精准把握对话的语境和逻辑链条；B部分考查学生对清洁能源的了解及英语语言组织能力，既要求学生具备相关科普知识，又能清晰用英语表达观点，综合锻炼学生的语言运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
对于A部分补全对话：首先通读对话，明确主题是关于水力发电的交流。然后逐个分析空格的语境：
1. 第一空，Betty刚提到学了用水发电，爸爸回应“It’s true!”，所以此处需要一个表达对“水可以发电”这件事的疑问或惊叹的句子，引导爸爸确认并展开讲解。
2. 第二空，爸爸说明水力是强大的能源后，Betty用“Really?”回应，接下来应是表达对水力能驱动世界的惊讶，自然引出对发电原理的提问。
3. 第三空，爸爸正在讲解水力发电的步骤，涡轮机带动发电机转动后，下一步必然是发电机产生电力，需要一个承接步骤的句子。
4. 第四空，Betty得知中国水坝的规模和发电量后发出惊叹，此处应先赞叹水坝的用处，再进一步询问其他作用。
对于B部分写作：需要先选定一种清洁能源，比如风能、太阳能等，然后从环保性、可再生性等角度阐述其对地球的益处，语言要通顺清晰。
【解析】
A.
1. 第1空：根据前文Betty提及学习用水发电，后文爸爸的回应“It’s true!”，选项C“Can you believe that water makes electricity?”符合语境，能自然引发爸爸的确认和讲解。
2. 第2空：前文爸爸指出水力是世界上强大的能源，Betty的“Really?”体现惊讶，选项D“It’s amazing that water powers the world!”既承接前文内容，又能顺畅引出对发电原理的提问。
3. 第3空：爸爸在讲解水力发电的流程，涡轮机带动发电机转动后，选项B“Finally, generators create electricity.”是发电步骤的最终环节，符合逻辑顺序。
4. 第4空：前文介绍了中国水坝的数量和发电量，Betty的“Wow!”表达惊叹，选项A“Dams are so useful!”先肯定水坝的价值，再自然过渡到询问其他作用。
B.
选择风能作为例子，先点明其属于清洁能源，然后从两个方面说明优势：一是不会产生有害气体、污染空气，区别于传统化石能源；二是风能是可再生资源，不会枯竭，能持续为地球提供能源。
【答案】
Ⅳ. A. 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A
B. One possible version: Wind energy is another kind of clean energy. It is good for the earth because it doesn't produce harmful gases or pollute the air, unlike coal or oil. Also, wind is a renewable resource—we will never run out of it.
【知识点】
对话语境衔接；英语书面表达；清洁能源认知
【点评】
本题分为对话补全和书面表达两部分，A部分考查学生结合上下文逻辑进行语句衔接的能力，需要精准把握对话的语境和逻辑链条；B部分考查学生对清洁能源的了解及英语语言组织能力，既要求学生具备相关科普知识，又能清晰用英语表达观点，综合锻炼学生的语言运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
