2026年学习质量监测八年级英语下册外研版第46页答案
Ⅱ.选词填空
从方框中选择合适的词并用其适当的形式填空,使每个句子通顺、意思完整。每个词限用一次。
effort,pain,low,break,mountaineer
1. Do you like climbing? Now is the best season for
mountaineering
.
2. My arm felt
painful
after I fell off the bike.
3. The students made every
effort
to finish the project on time.
4. Please
lower
your voice when you are in the library.
5. Their tent was
broken
in the storm last night.

答案

1. mountaineering 2. painful 3. effort 4. lower
5. broken

解析

【分析】
解题时首先先通读方框内的所有备选词,明确每个词的基础词义和常见变形方向,再逐个分析每个句子的语境、判断空格处所需的词性,结合固定搭配、语法规则对单词进行正确变形,同时注意每个词只能使用一次,最后代入所有答案通读验证语义是否通顺。首先第一句介词for后需要接表示登山运动的名词/动名词,对应mountaineer的变形;第二句感官系动词feel后需要接形容词作表语,对应pain的形容词变形;第三句匹配固定短语直接用原形effort即可;第四句祈使句please后需要接动词原形,对应形容词low的动词变形;第五句被动语态结构需要填入break的过去分词,这样就能匹配所有空格。
【解析】
1. 句意:你喜欢爬山吗?现在是登山的最佳季节。空格前是介词for,介词后需接名词或动名词,备选词mountaineer意为“登山者”,此处要表达登山这项运动,变形为名词mountaineering,符合语境。
2. 句意:我从自行车上摔下来之后胳膊感觉很痛。feel是感官系动词,后面需要接形容词作表语,备选词pain是名词“疼痛”,变形为形容词painful,意为“疼痛的”,符合语境。
3. 句意:学生们竭尽全力按时完成这个项目。此处考查固定搭配make every effort to do sth.,意为“竭尽全力做某事”,直接填入原形effort即可。
4. 句意:当你在图书馆的时候请压低你的声音。本句是祈使句,please后需要接动词原形,备选词low是形容词“低的”,其对应的动词形式是lower,意为“压低、降低”,符合图书馆需要放低音量的语境。
5. 句意:他们的帐篷昨晚在暴风雨中被毁坏了。本句是一般过去时的被动语态,结构为“was/were + 动词过去分词”,备选词break的过去分词是broken,符合被动含义。
【答案】
1. mountaineering 2. painful 3. effort 4. lower 5. broken
【知识点】
词形转换、固定短语、被动语态
【点评】
本题属于基础的词形运用类题型,覆盖了常见的名词、形容词、动词之间的变形考点,也考察了核心固定搭配和基础被动语法的应用,难度不高,解题的核心是先判断空格所需词性,再结合语境匹配变形,做完后可以代入句子通读排查错误。
【难度系数】
0.7
Ⅲ.翻译句子
用括号里所给的词汇将下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 噪音太大,这声音把我们的注意力都带走了。(take... away)
The noise was too loud. It took our attention away.

2. 在团队中互相帮助是很重要的。(It+be+adj. +to do)
It is important to help each other in a team.

3. 这个箱子太重了,我搬不动。(too... to)
This box is too heavy for me to carry.

4. 尽管遇到了困难,但他们决定继续前进。(carry on)
Although they met with difficulties, they decided to carry on.

5. 我们应该尽一切努力保护环境。(make every effort)
We should make every effort to protect the environment.

答案

1. The noise was too loud. It took our attention away.
2. It is important to help each other in a team.
3. This box is too heavy for me to carry.
4. Although they met with difficulties, they decided to
carry on.
5. We should make every effort to protect the environ-
ment.

解析

【分析】
这是指定提示内容的汉译英题型,解题思路如下:1. 先明确每道题给出的提示词汇/结构的固定用法,确保翻译时必须用到该指定内容,不能随意替换;2. 拆分中文原句的语义成分,确定句子的时态、主谓宾基本框架;3. 将提示的短语/结构嵌入框架中,补全剩余的修饰、状语成分;4. 最后通读检查语法是否合规,比如注意it作形式主语的结构要求、although不能和but连用、too...to结构的逻辑等,保证翻译符合英语表达习惯,语义完整。
【解析】
1. 拆分语义:前半句描述噪音大的状态,主语为The noise,用一般过去时对应后续发生的动作,be动词用was,表语用too loud;后半句要求使用take...away结构,宾语为our attention,take变为过去式took,得到对应译文。
2. 要求使用It+be+adj.+to do的指定结构,it作形式主语指代后续的不定式内容,形容词为important,真正的主语“互相帮助”译为help each other,地点状语“在团队中”译为in a team,组合得到对应译文。
3. 要求使用too...to...(太…而不能)的指定结构,主语为This box,be动词用is,too后接形容词heavy,用for引出动作的逻辑主语me,to后接动词原形carry,得到对应译文。
4. 要求使用carry on(继续前进)的指定短语,用although引导让步状语从句,“遇到困难”译为met with difficulties,主句主语为they,“决定做某事”用decide to do结构,注意英语中although和but不能同时使用,最终得到对应译文。
5. 要求使用make every effort的指定短语,固定搭配make every effort to do sth. 表示尽一切努力做某事,主语为We,情态动词用should,“保护环境”译为protect the environment,组合得到对应译文。
【答案】
1. The noise was too loud. It took our attention away.
2. It is important to help each other in a team.
3. This box is too heavy for me to carry.
4. Although they met with difficulties, they decided to carry on.
5. We should make every effort to protect the environment.
【知识点】
固定短语搭配;it形式主语句型;too...to结构
【点评】
本题属于基础汉译英题型,所有翻译都指定了核心提示内容,重点考察学生对课本核心固定短语、基础特殊句式的掌握程度,能够帮助学生夯实英语基础表达能力,解题时需要注意规避“although和but同时使用”、“不定式漏加to”这类常见易错点。
【难度系数】
0.8
Ⅳ.完形填空
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Last summer,I joined a community clean-up project in my neighborhood. It was my first time taking part in a
A
1
activity, and I felt both excited and nervous. The task seemed simple — collecting trash — but I soon realized it
B
2
more than just effort.
At first, I worked alone, picking up litter in the park. However, I soon found that trash was
C
3
in many places that were hard to reach. I felt quite
C
4
,but I didn't want to give up. Then,I decided to ask my neighbors for help. To my surprise,they welcomed the idea. We formed a small team,and together,we
A
5
the work. One group focused on the playground,another on the flower beds,and I helped carry the trash to the bin.
Working with others taught me the power of cooperation. Just like a puzzle,each person's effort contributed to the whole picture. When we finished,the park looked cleaner than ever. I felt a deep sense of
B
6
that I could make a difference.
This experience also showed me that voluntary work isn't just about cleaning up. It's about
A
7
with others and building trust. As I walked home,I saw children playing in the park,their laughter echoing through the air. It felt like a bridge between our efforts and the community's happiness.
Since then,I've joined more projects,from organizing food drives to teaching kids how to recycle. Each time,I remind myself that effort and confidence are
C
8
to make a lasting impact. Volunteering isn't just about helping others — it's about discovering your own strengths and
A
9
together with those around you. I've learned that even small actions can
A
10
in our community.
1. A. voluntary
B. difficult
C. exciting
D. simple
2. A. provided
B. needed
C. supported
D. accepted
3. A. hidden
B. explored
C. thrown
D. grown
4. A. confident
B. satisfied
C. upset
D. brave
5. A. divided
B. finished
C. avoided
D. continued
6. A. practice
B. confidence
C. interest
D. surprise
7. A. getting along
B. coming up
C. catching up
D. carrying on
8. A. possible
B. easy
C. important
D. different
9. A. growing
B. playing
C. working
D. studying
10. A. make a difference
B. take a break
C. have fun
D. feel tired

答案

1.A 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.A

解析

【分析】
做完形填空首先要先通读全文,理清文章主线:本文讲述了作者第一次参与社区志愿清理活动的经历,以及后续对志愿工作的感悟。解题时要紧扣上下文给出的线索,结合词义辨析、固定搭配逐一判断选项:首先抓住后文反复出现的voluntary work等提示确定第一空的主题属性,再结合每空前后的情节逻辑、情绪线索、固定搭配排除不符合语境的选项,最后结合全文主旨验证最后几个升华主题的空,就能选出全部正确答案。
【解析】
1. 后文多次出现voluntary work(志愿工作)的明确提示,句意为这是我第一次参加志愿活动,选A.voluntary(志愿的),B.difficult困难的、C.exciting令人兴奋的、D.simple简单的均不符合语境。
2. 句意为:任务看似只是捡垃圾,但我很快意识到它需要的不只是努力,B.needed(需要)符合句意,A.provided提供、C.supported支持、D.accepted接受均不符合逻辑。
3. 句意为:我很快发现垃圾被扔在很多难以够到的地方,C.thrown(扔)符合垃圾的属性,A.hidden隐藏、B.explored探索、D.grown生长均不符合常识。
4. 独自清理时发现很多垃圾在难以触及的位置,此时的情绪应该是沮丧的,C.upset沮丧的符合语境,A.confident自信的、B.satisfied满意的、D.brave勇敢的均和后文“不想放弃”的转折逻辑不匹配。
5. 后文提到不同小组分别负责操场、花坛,作者负责运垃圾,说明组队后大家划分了工作,A.divided划分,divide the work是“分工”的常用表达,符合情节,B.finished完成、C.avoided避免、D.continued继续均不符合逻辑。
6. 句意为:我深深感受到了自己能做出贡献的自信,对应前文作者一开始的紧张,完成清理后获得的正向感受,B.confidence自信符合语境,A.practice练习、C.interest兴趣、D.surprise惊喜均不符合。
7. 固定搭配get along with others表示“和他人相处”,句意为志愿工作不只是打扫,更是和他人相处、建立信任,A.getting along符合搭配和句意,B.coming up提出、C.catching up赶上、D.carrying on继续均不符合。
8. 句意为:我时刻提醒自己,努力和自信对于产生持久的影响是十分重要的,C.important重要的符合句意,A.possible可能的、B.easy容易的、D.different不同的均不符合逻辑。
9. 句意为:志愿活动不只是帮助他人,更是发现自身优势,和身边的人共同成长,A.growing成长符合文章升华的主题,B.playing玩耍、C.working工作、D.studying学习均不符合主旨。
10. 全文多次出现make a difference(产生影响、发挥作用)的表达,对应主旨“哪怕微小的行动也能对社区产生积极影响”,A.make a difference符合语境,B.take a break休息、C.have fun玩得开心、D.feel tired感到疲惫均不符合。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.A
【知识点】
语境逻辑推理,动词词义辨析,固定短语搭配
【点评】
本篇是贴近学生生活的记叙文类完形填空,主题积极正向,所有考点都围绕初中阶段核心词汇和常见固定搭配设置,绝大多数空都有明确的上下文线索提示,难度适中,既考察学生的词汇积累能力,也能引导学生理解志愿活动的价值。
【难度系数】
0.7