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Ⅴ. 阅读理解
（2025·北京期中改编）Ramirez Castañeda is a Colombian biologist. She works in the Amazon and studies how snakes can eat poisonous frogs without getting sick. Although she and her workmates have made many important discoveries, they find it hard to share their findings with scientists around the world.
Spanish is her first language. To publish their research, they have to translate it into English. But this is not always possible because of limited money or time. As a result, some of their useful findings are never published at all.
“It’s not that I’m a bad scientist,” she says. “It’s just the language problem.”
Castañeda is not the only one facing this problem. A lot of research written in other languages is either lost in translation or never translated. Researchers looked through more than 400,000 articles in 16 languages and found 1,234 useful studies on biodiversity protection. Because these papers were not in English, other scientists might never notice them. There were Japanese studies about how to protect the endangered Blakiston’s fish owl, the world’s largest owl.
Some experts believe science should use one common language to work better. A global language is very important for international science.
However, if non-English scientists always depend on English partners or translators, it deepens inequality and the reliance on Western countries. Also, translation can easily lose special meanings. For instance, some words about forest snakes and frogs from Amazon local cultures are hard to translate with a single English word.
“So we are losing important scientific observations,” Castañeda says. “It is not enough to just translate everything into English. We need multilingual science. Scientists should feel free to do research in their own languages. In the 19th century, science used English, French and German. In the future, maybe science can use Chinese, English and Spanish as main languages.”
1. What prevented Castañeda’s discoveries from being more widely known?
A. Poor management.
B. Opposition from her colleagues.
C. Her bad reputation.
D. The language barrier.
2. What’s the consequence of the dominant focus on English in scientific research?
A. Inefficient wildlife conservation.
B. A knowledge gap in the scientific world.
C. A growing interest in non-English papers.
D. Inadequate job opportunities for translators.
3. What does the author want to illustrate by mentioning forest snakes and frogs?
A. The urgency to protect rare species.
B. The need to adopt one global language.
C. The challenges in translating scientific texts.
D. The biodiversity on the South American continent.
4. 语言能力 归纳能力 What is presented in the last paragraph?
A. A popular belief.
B. A global trend.
C. A potential solution.
D. A theoretical model.
（2025·北京期中改编）Ramirez Castañeda is a Colombian biologist. She works in the Amazon and studies how snakes can eat poisonous frogs without getting sick. Although she and her workmates have made many important discoveries, they find it hard to share their findings with scientists around the world.
Spanish is her first language. To publish their research, they have to translate it into English. But this is not always possible because of limited money or time. As a result, some of their useful findings are never published at all.
“It’s not that I’m a bad scientist,” she says. “It’s just the language problem.”
Castañeda is not the only one facing this problem. A lot of research written in other languages is either lost in translation or never translated. Researchers looked through more than 400,000 articles in 16 languages and found 1,234 useful studies on biodiversity protection. Because these papers were not in English, other scientists might never notice them. There were Japanese studies about how to protect the endangered Blakiston’s fish owl, the world’s largest owl.
Some experts believe science should use one common language to work better. A global language is very important for international science.
However, if non-English scientists always depend on English partners or translators, it deepens inequality and the reliance on Western countries. Also, translation can easily lose special meanings. For instance, some words about forest snakes and frogs from Amazon local cultures are hard to translate with a single English word.
“So we are losing important scientific observations,” Castañeda says. “It is not enough to just translate everything into English. We need multilingual science. Scientists should feel free to do research in their own languages. In the 19th century, science used English, French and German. In the future, maybe science can use Chinese, English and Spanish as main languages.”
1. What prevented Castañeda’s discoveries from being more widely known?
A. Poor management.
B. Opposition from her colleagues.
C. Her bad reputation.
D. The language barrier.
2. What’s the consequence of the dominant focus on English in scientific research?
A. Inefficient wildlife conservation.
B. A knowledge gap in the scientific world.
C. A growing interest in non-English papers.
D. Inadequate job opportunities for translators.
3. What does the author want to illustrate by mentioning forest snakes and frogs?
A. The urgency to protect rare species.
B. The need to adopt one global language.
C. The challenges in translating scientific texts.
D. The biodiversity on the South American continent.
4. 语言能力 归纳能力 What is presented in the last paragraph?
A. A popular belief.
B. A global trend.
C. A potential solution.
D. A theoretical model.
答案
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文,讲述了哥伦比亚生物学家 Ramirez Castaneda 因语言障碍难以将研究成果发表到国际期刊的问题,分析了英语主导科学界带来的不平等和知识损失,并提出了多语言科学的解决方案。
1. D 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段“To publish their research, they have to translate it into English. But this is not always possible because of limited money or time. As a result, some of their useful findings are never published at all.”及第三段“It's just the language problem.”可知,语言障碍阻碍了她的发现被广泛知晓。故选 D。
2. B 解析:推理判断题。根据第四段“A lot of research written in other languages is either lost in translation or never translated.”及第五段可知,英语主导导致非英语研究被忽视,造成科学界的知识空白。故选 B。
3. C 解析:写作意图题。根据倒数第二段“... translation can easily lose special meanings. For instance, some words about forest snakes and frogs ... are hard to translate with a single English word.”可知,作者举此例是为了说明翻译科学文本面临的挑战。故选 C。
4. C 解析:推理判断题。最后一段 Castaneda 提出“We need multilingual science.”以及未来科学可以使用中文、英语和西班牙语作为主要语言,这是在提出一个潜在的解决方案。故选 C。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文,讲述了哥伦比亚生物学家 Ramirez Castaneda 因语言障碍难以将研究成果发表到国际期刊的问题,分析了英语主导科学界带来的不平等和知识损失,并提出了多语言科学的解决方案。
1. D 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段“To publish their research, they have to translate it into English. But this is not always possible because of limited money or time. As a result, some of their useful findings are never published at all.”及第三段“It's just the language problem.”可知,语言障碍阻碍了她的发现被广泛知晓。故选 D。
2. B 解析:推理判断题。根据第四段“A lot of research written in other languages is either lost in translation or never translated.”及第五段可知,英语主导导致非英语研究被忽视,造成科学界的知识空白。故选 B。
3. C 解析:写作意图题。根据倒数第二段“... translation can easily lose special meanings. For instance, some words about forest snakes and frogs ... are hard to translate with a single English word.”可知,作者举此例是为了说明翻译科学文本面临的挑战。故选 C。
4. C 解析:推理判断题。最后一段 Castaneda 提出“We need multilingual science.”以及未来科学可以使用中文、英语和西班牙语作为主要语言,这是在提出一个潜在的解决方案。故选 C。
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含4道不同类型的题目，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读全文把握主旨：文章围绕科学研究中英语主导带来的语言障碍问题展开；
2. 明确每道题的题型（细节理解、推理判断、写作意图等）；
3. 带着题目关键词回原文定位对应段落，找到关键信息；
4. 对比选项与原文信息，排除干扰项，选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“To publish their research, they have to translate it into English. But this is not always possible because of limited money or time. As a result, some of their useful findings are never published at all.”及第三段“It's just the language problem.”可知，语言障碍阻碍了Castañeda的发现被广泛知晓，故选D。
2. 推理判断题：根据原文第四段“A lot of research written in other languages is either lost in translation or never translated.”及第五段内容可知，英语主导科学研究导致非英语研究被忽视，造成科学界的知识空白，故选B。
3. 写作意图题：根据原文倒数第二段“... translation can easily lose special meanings. For instance, some words about forest snakes and frogs from Amazon local cultures are hard to translate with a single English word.”可知，作者举此例是为了说明翻译科学文本面临的挑战，故选C。
4. 推理判断题：最后一段中Castañeda提出“We need multilingual science.”以及未来科学可使用中文、英语和西班牙语作为主要语言，这是针对前文问题提出的潜在解决方案，故选C。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】
本文围绕科学研究中的语言障碍问题展开，题目涵盖细节理解、推理判断、写作意图等常见阅读题型，要求学生具备快速定位原文、分析作者意图及归纳信息的能力，是典型的英语阅读理解题，能有效考查学生的阅读解题技能。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含4道不同类型的题目，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读全文把握主旨：文章围绕科学研究中英语主导带来的语言障碍问题展开；
2. 明确每道题的题型（细节理解、推理判断、写作意图等）；
3. 带着题目关键词回原文定位对应段落，找到关键信息；
4. 对比选项与原文信息，排除干扰项，选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“To publish their research, they have to translate it into English. But this is not always possible because of limited money or time. As a result, some of their useful findings are never published at all.”及第三段“It's just the language problem.”可知，语言障碍阻碍了Castañeda的发现被广泛知晓，故选D。
2. 推理判断题：根据原文第四段“A lot of research written in other languages is either lost in translation or never translated.”及第五段内容可知，英语主导科学研究导致非英语研究被忽视，造成科学界的知识空白，故选B。
3. 写作意图题：根据原文倒数第二段“... translation can easily lose special meanings. For instance, some words about forest snakes and frogs from Amazon local cultures are hard to translate with a single English word.”可知，作者举此例是为了说明翻译科学文本面临的挑战，故选C。
4. 推理判断题：最后一段中Castañeda提出“We need multilingual science.”以及未来科学可使用中文、英语和西班牙语作为主要语言，这是针对前文问题提出的潜在解决方案，故选C。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】
本文围绕科学研究中的语言障碍问题展开，题目涵盖细节理解、推理判断、写作意图等常见阅读题型，要求学生具备快速定位原文、分析作者意图及归纳信息的能力，是典型的英语阅读理解题，能有效考查学生的阅读解题技能。
【难度系数】
0.7
