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Ⅲ. 火灾逃生 突发火灾如何自救?浓烟弥漫时如何找到生路?认真学习火灾应对策略,才能在危险真正来临时临危不乱,做出正确的抉择。
Fires can strike unexpectedly, posing a great threat to our safety. As middle school students, we must be prepared for such emergencies and know how to protect ourselves. Here are some crucial tips to help you stay safe in a fire.
· Be fully prepared
Firstly, we should always be aware of the warning signs. 1. ____. However, don't overlook signs that are not easy to notice, like a burning smell or flickering lights. If you notice any of these, act quickly and don't delay. Moreover, familiarize yourself with the escape routes. 2. ____. Regular fire drills(演习) can help you navigate these routes efficiently. Practice them seriously, as they can save your life in a real emergency.
· 3. ____
In a fire, remember to stay low to the ground. Smoke rises, making the air near the floor cleaner. Crawl on your hands and knees, using a damp cloth to cover your mouth and nose. 4. ____. Before opening any doors, feel them with the back of your hand. If a door feels hot, it may lead directly to the fire. Open it slowly and check for smoke or flames before proceeding. Remember: safety first, always.
· Call for help
Once you've safely exited the building, call the emergency services immediately. Gather with your family or classmates at a predetermined safe location. Avoid using elevators and never go back inside the building. 5. ____.
In conclusion, knowing what to do in a fire emergency can make a difference between life and death.
A. Follow safety instructions
B. Prepare an escape plan in advance
C. Stay calm and wait for further notice
D. Run away as soon as you get out of your building
E. This will help you avoid breathing in harmful gases
F. Know at least two ways to exit each room and your entire building
G. The smell of smoke or the sight of flames is an immediate sign of danger
6. Do you know how safely use a fire extinguisher? Read the following steps and write a passage to describe the right way of using the fire extinguisher. (More than 30 words.)
______
Fires can strike unexpectedly, posing a great threat to our safety. As middle school students, we must be prepared for such emergencies and know how to protect ourselves. Here are some crucial tips to help you stay safe in a fire.
· Be fully prepared
Firstly, we should always be aware of the warning signs. 1. ____. However, don't overlook signs that are not easy to notice, like a burning smell or flickering lights. If you notice any of these, act quickly and don't delay. Moreover, familiarize yourself with the escape routes. 2. ____. Regular fire drills(演习) can help you navigate these routes efficiently. Practice them seriously, as they can save your life in a real emergency.
· 3. ____
In a fire, remember to stay low to the ground. Smoke rises, making the air near the floor cleaner. Crawl on your hands and knees, using a damp cloth to cover your mouth and nose. 4. ____. Before opening any doors, feel them with the back of your hand. If a door feels hot, it may lead directly to the fire. Open it slowly and check for smoke or flames before proceeding. Remember: safety first, always.
· Call for help
Once you've safely exited the building, call the emergency services immediately. Gather with your family or classmates at a predetermined safe location. Avoid using elevators and never go back inside the building. 5. ____.
In conclusion, knowing what to do in a fire emergency can make a difference between life and death.
A. Follow safety instructions
B. Prepare an escape plan in advance
C. Stay calm and wait for further notice
D. Run away as soon as you get out of your building
E. This will help you avoid breathing in harmful gases
F. Know at least two ways to exit each room and your entire building
G. The smell of smoke or the sight of flames is an immediate sign of danger
6. Do you know how safely use a fire extinguisher? Read the following steps and write a passage to describe the right way of using the fire extinguisher. (More than 30 words.)
______
答案
1 - 5 GFAEC
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于火灾逃生的知识。
1. G 空后提到“However, don't overlook signs that are not easy to notice, like a burning smell or flickering lights.”可知，“However”表转折，说明空白处应是提到明显的危险信号，G 项“烟味或火焰是直接的危险信号”符合语境。故选 G。
2. F 前文“Moreover, familiarize yourself with the escape routes. (此外，你要熟记逃生路线。)”说要熟悉逃生路线，F 项“知道每个房间以及整栋楼至少两种逃生出口”进一步说明了熟悉逃生路线的具体要求。故选 F。
3. A 此处是本段小标题，本段主要介绍了在火灾中保护自己应该做的事情，A 项“遵循安全指示”能概括本段内容。故选 A。
4. E 前文“In a fire, remember to stay low to the ground. Smoke rises, making the air near the floor cleaner. Crawl on your hands and knees, using a damp cloth to cover your mouth and nose.”提到在火灾中要低姿势爬行并用湿布捂住口鼻，空处承接上文，指出这么做的好处，E 项“这将帮助你避免吸入有害气体”解释了这样做的原因。故选 E。
5. C 前文“Once you've safely exited the building, call the emergency services immediately. Gather with your family or classmates at a predetermined safe location. Avoid using elevators and never go back inside the building.”说安全撤离后要打电话给紧急服务并在预定安全地点集合，C 项“保持冷静并等待进一步通知”符合安全撤离后的做法。故选 C。
6. One possible version: First, find the pin on top of the extinguisher. Pull it out so that the extinguisher can work. Second, aim at the base of the fire - not the top! Third, squeeze the handle down hard, like squeezing a water gun. Fourth, sweep the extinguisher slowly left and right. Keep doing this until the fire is completely gone.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于火灾逃生的知识。
1. G 空后提到“However, don't overlook signs that are not easy to notice, like a burning smell or flickering lights.”可知，“However”表转折，说明空白处应是提到明显的危险信号，G 项“烟味或火焰是直接的危险信号”符合语境。故选 G。
2. F 前文“Moreover, familiarize yourself with the escape routes. (此外，你要熟记逃生路线。)”说要熟悉逃生路线，F 项“知道每个房间以及整栋楼至少两种逃生出口”进一步说明了熟悉逃生路线的具体要求。故选 F。
3. A 此处是本段小标题，本段主要介绍了在火灾中保护自己应该做的事情，A 项“遵循安全指示”能概括本段内容。故选 A。
4. E 前文“In a fire, remember to stay low to the ground. Smoke rises, making the air near the floor cleaner. Crawl on your hands and knees, using a damp cloth to cover your mouth and nose.”提到在火灾中要低姿势爬行并用湿布捂住口鼻，空处承接上文，指出这么做的好处，E 项“这将帮助你避免吸入有害气体”解释了这样做的原因。故选 E。
5. C 前文“Once you've safely exited the building, call the emergency services immediately. Gather with your family or classmates at a predetermined safe location. Avoid using elevators and never go back inside the building.”说安全撤离后要打电话给紧急服务并在预定安全地点集合，C 项“保持冷静并等待进一步通知”符合安全撤离后的做法。故选 C。
6. One possible version: First, find the pin on top of the extinguisher. Pull it out so that the extinguisher can work. Second, aim at the base of the fire - not the top! Third, squeeze the handle down hard, like squeezing a water gun. Fourth, sweep the extinguisher slowly left and right. Keep doing this until the fire is completely gone.
