一、根据提示写单词
1. Cutting down trees can h (伤害) wild animals living in the forest.
2. The truck is carrying five t (吨) of goods to the factory.
3. The dining hall is not big enough to h (容纳)1,000 people.
4. Old boxes are useful for s (储存) small things at home.
5. After he r (返回) from the trip, he decided to clean his garden.

1. harm 2. tons 3. hold 4. storing 5. returned

【分析】
这类题需结合句子语境、中文释义及首字母提示填写单词，同时要根据句子的语法结构（如动词形式、名词单复数、非谓语形式等）调整单词的正确形式，先理解句意确定单词含义，再匹配语法规则完成填空。
【解析】
1. 句意：砍树会伤害森林里的野生动物。中文提示“伤害”，首字母为h，情态动词can后接动词原形，故填harm。
2. 句意：卡车运五吨货物去工厂。中文提示“吨”，首字母为t，前面有数词five，需用名词复数形式，故填tons。
3. 句意：餐厅不够大，容纳不下1000人。中文提示“容纳”，首字母为h，不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填hold。
4. 句意：旧盒子在家用来储存小东西。中文提示“储存”，首字母为s，介词for后需接动名词形式，故填storing。
5. 句意：他旅行回来后，决定打扫花园。中文提示“返回”，首字母为r，由后面decided（过去式）可知此处用一般过去式，故填returned。
【答案】
1. harm 2. tons 3. hold 4. storing 5. returned
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、动词形式变化、名词单复数
【点评】
本题考查基础核心词汇的运用，结合语境与语法变形即可完成，是英语学习的基础题型，侧重词汇的识记与灵活运用。
【难度系数】
0.6

二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
6. When hearing the bad news, Peter shook his head (sad).
7. Trees play an (act) role in keeping the air fresh.
8. When we climb mountains, our (lung) take in more fresh air.
9. 学科融合·地理 Wetlands are very good at (trap) water and reducing floods.

6. sadly 7. active 8. lungs 9. trapping

【分析】
本题为用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，需结合句子结构、语法规则及固定搭配确定词形：
1. 第6题：空格修饰动词短语shook his head，需用副词，将形容词sad变为副词sadly；
2. 第7题：空格修饰名词role，需用形容词，act的形容词形式为active，构成固定搭配play an active role；
3. 第8题：空格被形容词性物主代词our修饰，且谓语take为原形，主语需用名词复数，故lung变复数lungs；
4. 第9题：固定搭配be good at后接动名词，trap的动名词形式为trapping。
【解析】
6. 句中shook his head是动词短语，需副词修饰，sad的副词形式为sadly，故填sadly；
7. 名词role前需形容词修饰，act的形容词active构成固定搭配play an active role（起积极作用），故填active；
8. our后接名词，谓语take为原形，主语需用复数形式，lung的复数为lungs，故填lungs；
9. 固定搭配be good at后接动名词，trap的动名词形式为trapping，故填trapping。
【答案】
6. sadly 7. active 8. lungs 9. trapping
【知识点】
副词的用法、形容词的用法、动名词的用法
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词形变化，涉及词性转换、固定搭配及名词复数等核心知识点，是初中英语常见基础题型，侧重对语法规则的熟练掌握。
【难度系数】
0.7

三、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
10.放慢节奏、适当休息和健康饮食是很重要的。
It is important to , rest properly and eat healthily.
11.有些人认为喝茶和咖啡可以帮助消除困意。
Some people think drinking tea and coffee can help sleepiness.
12.我们应该采取行动拯救处于危险中的动物。
We should to save the animals in danger.

10. slow down 11. get rid of 12. take action

【分析】本题考查常用英语动词短语的运用，需结合汉语意思匹配对应的固定短语，同时注意短语在句中的形式（如不定式、情态动词后接原形等）。第10题对应“放慢节奏”的短语，第11题对应“消除”的短语，第12题对应“采取行动”的短语，结合句子结构确定短语形式即可。
【解析】10. “放慢节奏”的固定英语短语是slow down，此处用在不定式符号to后，直接填原形短语；11. “消除”的固定英语短语是get rid of，help后接动词原形，填该短语；12. “采取行动”的固定英语短语是take action，情态动词should后接动词原形，填该短语。
【答案】10. slow down 11. get rid of 12. take action
【知识点】动词短语，固定搭配
【点评】本题为基础短语填空题，主要考查常用英语固定短语的识记与运用，难度较低，学生只需掌握常见短语即可完成。
【难度系数】0.8

四、新素材·科学家追冰山 任务型阅读
The world's oldest and largest iceberg（冰山）, known as A23a, is moving through the Southern Ocean, near Antarctica now.
A23a is about 1,312 feet thick and covers 1,418 square miles—just a little larger than Rhode Island. The BAS said the huge iceberg's journey included many interesting scientific events. In 1986, it broke off from Antarctica's Filchner Ice Shelf. Soon after, it got stuck on the ground under the sea, which is common for large icebergs, and remained there for more than 30 years.
As parts of the iceberg melted underwater, it became lighter and started moving. Experts said this process is natural and probably has nothing to do with climate change. In 2020, A23a began moving north. In August 2024, it got caught in a column of rotating water（旋转的水柱）and stuck there until not long ago.
"It's exciting to see A23a on the move again after months of being stuck," said Andrew Meijers, an oceanographer（海洋学家）with the BAS. He and other experts will follow where the iceberg travels and study how it affects the ocean ecosystems it passes through.
13. Where is the iceberg A23a moving now?（不超过10个词）

14. When did A23a break off from Antarctica's Filchner Ice Shelf?（不超过5个词）

15. 能力训练点·逻辑推理 What might happen to A23a in the future?（不超过15个词）

13. It's moving through the Southern Ocean, near Antarctica.
14. In 1986.
15. It may go on moving north and slowly melt into the sea. /It might break into smaller pieces.（言之有理即可）

【分析】
本题为任务型阅读的细节查找与逻辑推理题，需根据题干关键词定位原文对应内容作答。13题关键词为“where”“A23a moving now”，定位原文第一段；14题关键词为“when”“break off”，定位原文第二段；15题需结合原文信息和常识进行合理推测，同时注意词数限制。
【解析】
13题：根据第一段第一句“The world's oldest and largest iceberg, known as A23a, is moving through the Southern Ocean, near Antarctica now.”，提取符合要求的地点信息；14题：根据第二段第三句“In 1986, it broke off from Antarctica's Filchner Ice Shelf.”，直接提取时间；15题：结合原文2020年A23a开始向北移动、冰山会自然融化的常识，合理推测其未来动向，符合词数要求即可。
【答案】
13. It's moving through the Southern Ocean, near Antarctica.
14. In 1986.
15. It may go on moving north and slowly melt into the sea.
【知识点】
任务型阅读、细节理解、逻辑推理
【点评】
本题为任务型阅读基础题型，侧重考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力及简单逻辑推理能力，题干明确要求词数限制，需注意作答的简洁性与准确性。
【难度系数】
0.4