一、按要求完成下列句子
1. The English teacher divided our class into 8 groups in class.（改为被动语态）
Our class into 8 groups by the English teacher in class.
2. People waste a lot of water every day.（改为被动语态）
A lot of water people every day.
3. I am allowed to play computer games by my father on weekends.（改为一般疑问句）
to play computer games by your father on weekends?
4. You should send the car to the service centre before it goes wrong.（改为被动语态）
The car to the service centre by you before it goes wrong.
5. Five students were chosen by the teacher to work as volunteers on the Open Day.（改为主动语态）
five students to work as volunteers on the Open Day.

1. was divided
2. is wasted by
3. Are you allowed
4. should be sent
5. The teacher chose

【分析】
本题主要考查英语主动语态与被动语态的转换、被动语态的一般疑问句改写，解题思路如下：1. 主动改被动时，需将原主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，根据原句时态确定be动词形式，动词变为过去分词，动作执行者用by引出；2. 被动改主动时，将by后的宾语变为主语，动词变回主动形式并匹配原时态；3. 被动句改一般疑问句时，将句中be动词/情态动词提前至句首，主语根据语境调整。
【解析】
1. 原句为一般过去时主动句，主语our class是单数，被动语态be动词用was，divide的过去分词为divided，故填was divided；
2. 原句为一般现在时主动句，主语a lot of water是不可数名词，被动语态be动词用is，waste的过去分词为wasted，by引出动作执行者people，故填is wasted by；
3. 原句为一般现在时被动句，改一般疑问句需将be动词are提前，主语I变为you，故填Are you allowed；
4. 原句含情态动词should，被动语态结构为“should + be + 过去分词”，send的过去分词为sent，故填should be sent；
5. 原句被动句中by后的执行者是the teacher，原句时态为一般过去时，主动句主语为The teacher，动词用choose的过去式chose，故填The teacher chose。
【答案】
1. was divided
2. is wasted by
3. Are you allowed
4. should be sent
5. The teacher chose
【知识点】
主动被动语态转换、被动语态构成
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础语法题，聚焦主动与被动语态的转换及一般疑问句改写，需掌握不同时态、情态动词下被动语态的结构，转换时注意主语变化和动词形式的正确使用，是英语语法的核心考点之一。
【难度系数】
0.3

二、根据汉语提示补全句子
1. 我的笔记本电脑连接到互联网，这样我就可以为我的学校项目做研究。
to the Internet so I can do research for my school project.
2. [2025广东广州中考]目前，许多老人使用智能手机有困难，需要被给予更多支持。
Now, many old people have trouble in using smart phones. They should more support.
3. 他意识到在他出办公室之后没有锁门。
He realized the door after he went out of the office.
4. 曼迪一进房间她的同学就认出她了。
Mandy her classmate as soon as she came into the room.
5. 在老师鼓励她之后，她渐渐取得了信心。
Confidence little by little after she by the teacher.

1. My laptop is connected
2. be given
3. wasn't locked
4. was recognized by
5. was gained; was encouraged

【分析】
这几道题主要考查被动语态的运用及相关固定搭配。解题时需先判断句子主语与谓语动词的主被动关系，确定被动语态结构（be+过去分词），再结合时态、人称调整be动词形式，同时牢记固定短语搭配，以此补全句子。
【解析】
1. 主语“我的笔记本电脑（my laptop）”是动作“连接（connect）”的承受者，需用一般现在时被动语态，主语为单数，故填My laptop is connected。
2. 主语“they（指代老人）”是动作“给予（give）”的承受者，情态动词should后接被动结构“should be+过去分词”，故填be given。
3. 主语“the door”是动作“锁（lock）”的承受者，结合语境用一般过去时被动语态，否定形式为wasn't+过去分词，故填wasn't locked。
4. 主语“Mandy”是动作“认出（recognize）”的承受者，结合从句过去时态用一般过去时被动，“被某人”用by，故填was recognized by。
5. 第一空主语“confidence”是动作“获得（gain）”的承受者，用一般过去时被动；第二空主语“she”是动作“鼓励（encourage）”的承受者，用一般过去时被动，故填was gained; was encouraged。
【答案】
1. My laptop is connected 2. be given 3. wasn't locked 4. was recognized by 5. was gained; was encouraged
【知识点】
被动语态；固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题聚焦被动语态在不同时态、语境中的应用，结合常用短语考查，是中考英语基础考点，需准确判断主被动关系并熟练运用被动结构。
【难度系数】
0.6

三、[2026广东深圳期中改编]语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给词的正确形式
Great inventions 1. (change) the world. People 2. (help) by them to live a better life. The following are three of the most important inventions in history.
The wheel may be the greatest invention in history. Travelling became faster and more comfortable after it 3. ______ (invent). Several thousand years ago, people started to use wheels. In the early 19th century, the first trains began to carry passengers. At the beginning of the 20th century, cars became popular. Without the wheel, we would not have these inventions.

One of the first practical telephones was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. Since then, people have been able to speak to each other. Today mobile phones 4. (own) by millions of people across the world. People 5. (allow) to keep in touch with each other anytime, anywhere.

The first useful light bulb 6. (develop) by Thomas Edison in 1879. With light bulbs, many things 7. (can do) by people in the evenings. Can a life without them 8. (imagine) by you?

1. change
2. are helped
3. was invented
4. are owned
5. are allowed
6. was developed
7. can be done
8. be imagined

【分析】
这道语法填空主要考查动词的时态和语态，核心是判断主语与所给动词的主被动关系，再结合语境、时间状语确定正确的动词形式。解题时需先分析每个空的主语和动词是主动还是被动，再根据句子时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、情态动词结构）匹配对应的被动语态形式。
【解析】
1. 句意：伟大的发明改变世界。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语Great inventions是复数，故填change。
2. 句意：人们被它们帮助过上更好的生活。主语People与help是被动关系，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态（are+过去分词），故填are helped。
3. 句意：在它被发明后，旅行变得更快更舒适。it指代wheel，与invent是被动关系，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态（was+过去分词），故填was invented。
4. 句意：如今，手机被全世界数百万人拥有。mobile phones与own是被动关系，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are owned。
5. 句意：人们被允许随时随地保持联系。people与allow是被动关系，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are allowed。
6. 句意：第一个实用灯泡在1879年被爱迪生研发。时间为过去的1879年，主语light bulb与develop是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was developed。
7. 句意：有了灯泡，很多事情在晚上能被人们做。things与do是被动关系，含情态动词can，用“can+be+过去分词”的被动结构，故填can be done。
8. 句意：没有它们的生活能被你想象吗？主语life与imagine是被动关系，含情态动词can，疑问句中be动词提前，用“be+过去分词”，故填be imagined。
【答案】
1. change
2. are helped
3. was invented
4. are owned
5. are allowed
6. was developed
7. can be done
8. be imagined
【知识点】
一般现在时被动语态、一般过去时被动语态、情态动词被动语态
【点评】
本题聚焦初中英语核心语法——动词的时态与被动语态，需学生准确判断主被动关系并结合语境确定时态，是语法填空的高频考点，难度适中，能有效考查学生对被动语态的掌握情况。
【难度系数】
0.5