3. 有两根丝带,第一根用去$\frac{4}{5}$,还剩$\frac{4}{5}$米;第二根用去$\frac{1}{5}$米,还剩全长的$\frac{1}{5}$。两根丝带原来的长度相比,(
A.第一根长
B.第二根长
C.无法比较
A
)。A.第一根长
B.第二根长
C.无法比较
答案
A
解析
第一根:剩下全长的$1-\frac{4}{5}=\frac{1}{5}$,原长为$\frac{4}{5}÷\frac{1}{5}=4$米;第二根:用去全长的$1-\frac{1}{5}=\frac{4}{5}$,对应$\frac{1}{5}$米,原长为$\frac{1}{5}÷\frac{4}{5}=\frac{1}{4}$米。$4>\frac{1}{4}$,第一根长。
4. 一种电视机提价$\frac{1}{10}$后,又降价$\frac{1}{10}$,现价与原价相比,(
A.现价与原价相等
B.现价是原价的$\frac{9}{10}$
C.现价是原价的$\frac{99}{100}$
C
)。A.现价与原价相等
B.现价是原价的$\frac{9}{10}$
C.现价是原价的$\frac{99}{100}$
答案
C
解析
设原价为1。提价$\frac{1}{10}$后价格为$1×(1+\frac{1}{10})=\frac{11}{10}$,再降价$\frac{1}{10}$后价格为$\frac{11}{10}×(1-\frac{1}{10})=\frac{11}{10}×\frac{9}{10}=\frac{99}{100}$,即现价是原价的$\frac{99}{100}$。
5. 一根绳子剪去$\frac{1}{5}$后,又接上$\frac{1}{5}$米,现在比原来长了。这说明原来的绳子(
A.比1米长些
B.正好1米长
C.比1米短些
C
)。A.比1米长些
B.正好1米长
C.比1米短些
答案
C
解析
设原绳子长x米,剪去$\frac{1}{5}$后剩余$x-\frac{1}{5}x=\frac{4}{5}x$,再接上$\frac{1}{5}$米后长度为$\frac{4}{5}x+\frac{1}{5}$。根据题意,$\frac{4}{5}x+\frac{1}{5}>x$,移项得$\frac{1}{5} > \frac{1}{5}x$,即$1>x$,因此原绳子长度小于1米。
6. 一件工作本来打算6天完成,后来只用了5天完成,工作效率提高了(
A.$\frac{1}{5}$
B.$\frac{1}{6}$
C.$\frac{1}{11}$
A
)。A.$\frac{1}{5}$
B.$\frac{1}{6}$
C.$\frac{1}{11}$
答案
A
解析
设工作总量为单位“1”,原计划工作效率为$\frac{1}{6}$,实际工作效率为$\frac{1}{5}$,效率提高量为$\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{6}=\frac{1}{30}$,提高的分率为$\frac{1}{30}÷\frac{1}{6}=\frac{1}{5}$。
1. 直接写出得数。
$\frac{5}{16}÷\frac{1}{4}=$
$42×\frac{2}{3}=$
$91÷\frac{13}{14}=$
$\frac{7}{10}÷\frac{2}{5}=$
$\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}=$
$\frac{5}{6}×\frac{4}{5}=$
$1-\frac{5}{12}+\frac{7}{12}=$
$5÷\frac{5}{6}-\frac{5}{6}÷5=$
$\frac{5}{16}÷\frac{1}{4}=$
$\frac{5}{4}$
$42×\frac{2}{3}=$
$28$
$91÷\frac{13}{14}=$
$98$
$\frac{7}{10}÷\frac{2}{5}=$
$\frac{7}{4}$
$\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}=$
$\frac{1}{6}$
$\frac{5}{6}×\frac{4}{5}=$
$\frac{2}{3}$
$1-\frac{5}{12}+\frac{7}{12}=$
$\frac{7}{6}$
$5÷\frac{5}{6}-\frac{5}{6}÷5=$
$\frac{35}{6}$
答案
1. $\frac{5}{16} ÷ \frac{1}{4} = \frac{5}{16} × \frac{4}{1} = \frac{5 × 4}{16 × 1} = \frac{20}{16} = \frac{5}{4}$;
2. $42 × \frac{2}{3} = \frac{42 × 2}{3} = \frac{84}{3} = 28$;
3. $91 ÷ \frac{13}{14} = 91 × \frac{14}{13} = \frac{91 × 14}{13} = \frac{1274}{13} = 98$;
4. $\frac{7}{10} ÷ \frac{2}{5} = \frac{7}{10} × \frac{5}{2} = \frac{7 × 5}{10 × 2} = \frac{35}{20} = \frac{7}{4}$;
5. $\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{3} = \frac{3}{6} - \frac{2}{6} = \frac{1}{6}$;
6. $\frac{5}{6} × \frac{4}{5} = \frac{5 × 4}{6 × 5} = \frac{20}{30} = \frac{2}{3}$;
7. $1 - \frac{5}{12} + \frac{7}{12} = \frac{12}{12} - \frac{5}{12} + \frac{7}{12} = \frac{14}{12} = \frac{7}{6}$;
8. $5 ÷ \frac{5}{6} - \frac{5}{6} ÷ 5 = 5 × \frac{6}{5} - \frac{5}{6} × \frac{1}{5} = 6 - \frac{1}{6} = \frac{36}{6} - \frac{1}{6} = \frac{35}{6}$。
---
答案(答题卡填写格式):
1. $\frac{5}{4}$;
2. $28$;
3. $98$;
4. $\frac{7}{4}$;
5. $\frac{1}{6}$;
6. $\frac{2}{3}$;
7. $\frac{7}{6}$;
8. $\frac{35}{6}$。
2. $42 × \frac{2}{3} = \frac{42 × 2}{3} = \frac{84}{3} = 28$;
3. $91 ÷ \frac{13}{14} = 91 × \frac{14}{13} = \frac{91 × 14}{13} = \frac{1274}{13} = 98$;
4. $\frac{7}{10} ÷ \frac{2}{5} = \frac{7}{10} × \frac{5}{2} = \frac{7 × 5}{10 × 2} = \frac{35}{20} = \frac{7}{4}$;
5. $\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{3} = \frac{3}{6} - \frac{2}{6} = \frac{1}{6}$;
6. $\frac{5}{6} × \frac{4}{5} = \frac{5 × 4}{6 × 5} = \frac{20}{30} = \frac{2}{3}$;
7. $1 - \frac{5}{12} + \frac{7}{12} = \frac{12}{12} - \frac{5}{12} + \frac{7}{12} = \frac{14}{12} = \frac{7}{6}$;
8. $5 ÷ \frac{5}{6} - \frac{5}{6} ÷ 5 = 5 × \frac{6}{5} - \frac{5}{6} × \frac{1}{5} = 6 - \frac{1}{6} = \frac{36}{6} - \frac{1}{6} = \frac{35}{6}$。
---
答案(答题卡填写格式):
1. $\frac{5}{4}$;
2. $28$;
3. $98$;
4. $\frac{7}{4}$;
5. $\frac{1}{6}$;
6. $\frac{2}{3}$;
7. $\frac{7}{6}$;
8. $\frac{35}{6}$。
2. 计算下面各题,能简算的要简算。
$(\frac{1}{6}+\frac{3}{4}+\frac{5}{6})÷\frac{1}{4}$
$\frac{5}{17}×\frac{1}{9}+\frac{12}{17}÷9$
$(\frac{4}{9}-\frac{2}{23})×9-\frac{5}{23}$
$\frac{7}{10}+\frac{5}{7}×\frac{4}{5}+\frac{3}{7}$
$\frac{4}{5}÷\frac{8}{9}+\frac{5}{7}×\frac{7}{25}$
$\frac{21}{43}×88$
$(\frac{1}{6}+\frac{3}{4}+\frac{5}{6})÷\frac{1}{4}$
$\frac{5}{17}×\frac{1}{9}+\frac{12}{17}÷9$
$(\frac{4}{9}-\frac{2}{23})×9-\frac{5}{23}$
$\frac{7}{10}+\frac{5}{7}×\frac{4}{5}+\frac{3}{7}$
$\frac{4}{5}÷\frac{8}{9}+\frac{5}{7}×\frac{7}{25}$
$\frac{21}{43}×88$
答案
1.
$(\frac{1}{6} + \frac{3}{4} + \frac{5}{6}) ÷ \frac{1}{4}$
$= (\frac{1}{6} + \frac{5}{6} + \frac{3}{4}) × 4$
$= (1 + \frac{3}{4}) × 4$
$= \frac{7}{4} × 4$
$= 7$
2.
$\frac{5}{17} × \frac{1}{9} + \frac{12}{17} ÷ 9$
$= \frac{5}{17} × \frac{1}{9} + \frac{12}{17} × \frac{1}{9}$
$= (\frac{5}{17} + \frac{12}{17}) × \frac{1}{9}$
$= 1 × \frac{1}{9}$
$= \frac{1}{9}$
3.
$(\frac{4}{9} - \frac{2}{23}) × 9 - \frac{5}{23}$
$= \frac{4}{9} × 9 - \frac{2}{23} × 9 - \frac{5}{23}$
$= 4 - \frac{18}{23} - \frac{5}{23}$
$= 4 - (\frac{18}{23} + \frac{5}{23})$
$= 4 - 1$
$= 3$
4.
$\frac{7}{10} + \frac{5}{7} × \frac{4}{5} + \frac{3}{7}$
$= \frac{7}{10} + \frac{4}{7} + \frac{3}{7}$
$= \frac{7}{10} + (\frac{4}{7} + \frac{3}{7})$
$= \frac{7}{10} + 1$
$= 1\frac{7}{10}$
5.
$\frac{4}{5} ÷ \frac{8}{9} + \frac{5}{7} × \frac{7}{25}$
$= \frac{4}{5} × \frac{9}{8} + \frac{1}{5}$
$= \frac{9}{10} + \frac{1}{5}$
$= \frac{9}{10} + \frac{2}{10}$
$= \frac{11}{10}$
$= 1.1$
6.
$\frac{21}{43} × 88$
$= \frac{21}{43} × (86 + 2)$
$= \frac{21}{43} × 86 + \frac{21}{43} × 2$
$= 42 + \frac{42}{43}$
$= 42\frac{42}{43}$
$(\frac{1}{6} + \frac{3}{4} + \frac{5}{6}) ÷ \frac{1}{4}$
$= (\frac{1}{6} + \frac{5}{6} + \frac{3}{4}) × 4$
$= (1 + \frac{3}{4}) × 4$
$= \frac{7}{4} × 4$
$= 7$
2.
$\frac{5}{17} × \frac{1}{9} + \frac{12}{17} ÷ 9$
$= \frac{5}{17} × \frac{1}{9} + \frac{12}{17} × \frac{1}{9}$
$= (\frac{5}{17} + \frac{12}{17}) × \frac{1}{9}$
$= 1 × \frac{1}{9}$
$= \frac{1}{9}$
3.
$(\frac{4}{9} - \frac{2}{23}) × 9 - \frac{5}{23}$
$= \frac{4}{9} × 9 - \frac{2}{23} × 9 - \frac{5}{23}$
$= 4 - \frac{18}{23} - \frac{5}{23}$
$= 4 - (\frac{18}{23} + \frac{5}{23})$
$= 4 - 1$
$= 3$
4.
$\frac{7}{10} + \frac{5}{7} × \frac{4}{5} + \frac{3}{7}$
$= \frac{7}{10} + \frac{4}{7} + \frac{3}{7}$
$= \frac{7}{10} + (\frac{4}{7} + \frac{3}{7})$
$= \frac{7}{10} + 1$
$= 1\frac{7}{10}$
5.
$\frac{4}{5} ÷ \frac{8}{9} + \frac{5}{7} × \frac{7}{25}$
$= \frac{4}{5} × \frac{9}{8} + \frac{1}{5}$
$= \frac{9}{10} + \frac{1}{5}$
$= \frac{9}{10} + \frac{2}{10}$
$= \frac{11}{10}$
$= 1.1$
6.
$\frac{21}{43} × 88$
$= \frac{21}{43} × (86 + 2)$
$= \frac{21}{43} × 86 + \frac{21}{43} × 2$
$= 42 + \frac{42}{43}$
$= 42\frac{42}{43}$
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