12. 请根据如图所示的对话解答下列问题.

(1)求$a,b,c$的值;
(2)求$8-a+b-c$的值.
(1)求$a,b,c$的值;
(2)求$8-a+b-c$的值.
答案
12.【解】(1)因为$a$的相反数是3,$b<a$,且$b$的绝对值是6,$c+b=-8$,所以$a=-3,b=-6,c=-2.$
(2)因为$a=-3,b=-6,c=-2$,所以$8-a+b-c=8-(-3)+(-6)-(-2)=8+3-6+2=7.$
(2)因为$a=-3,b=-6,c=-2$,所以$8-a+b-c=8-(-3)+(-6)-(-2)=8+3-6+2=7.$
13. 已知 $ A=-3\frac{1}{5}-2\frac{1}{7}-4\frac{4}{5}-(-5\frac{1}{7}), B=6\frac{1}{3}+(-4.6)-5.4-(-7\frac{2}{3}) $.
(1) 计算 $ A,B $ 的值;
(2) 将 $ A,B $ 两数对应的点表示在如图所示的数轴上,并求 $ A,B $ 两数对应的点之间的距离.

(1) 计算 $ A,B $ 的值;
(2) 将 $ A,B $ 两数对应的点表示在如图所示的数轴上,并求 $ A,B $ 两数对应的点之间的距离.
答案
13.【解】(1)$A=-3\frac{1}{5}-2\frac{1}{7}-4\frac{4}{5}-(-5\frac{1}{7})$
$=-3\frac{1}{5}-2\frac{1}{7}-4\frac{4}{5}+5\frac{1}{7}$
$=(-3\frac{1}{5}-4\frac{4}{5})+(5\frac{1}{7}-2\frac{1}{7})$
$=-8+3$
$=-5.$
$B=6\frac{1}{3}+(-4.6)-5.4-(-7\frac{2}{3})$
$=6\frac{1}{3}-4.6-5.4+7\frac{2}{3}$
$=(6\frac{1}{3}+7\frac{2}{3})-(4.6+5.4)$
$=14-10$
$=4.$
(2)将$A,B$两数对应的点表示在数轴上如图所示.
$A,B$两数对应的点之间的距离为$4-(-5)=9.$
14. 新考法 阅读类比法 在求$\frac{1}{2}+(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3})+(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4})+(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5}+\frac{3}{5}+\frac{4}{5})$的结果时,小明发现,若调整各括号内加数的顺序再进行计算,便能很容易得到这些加数的和,具体方法如下:
假设$A=\frac{1}{2}+(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3})+(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4})+(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5}+\frac{3}{5}+\frac{4}{5})$,①
又有$A=\frac{1}{2}+(\frac{2}{3}+\frac{1}{3})+(\frac{3}{4}+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{1}{4})+(\frac{4}{5}+\frac{3}{5}+\frac{2}{5}+\frac{1}{5})$,②
①+②,得$2A=1+(1+1)+(1+1+1)+(1+1+1+1)=1+2+3+4=10$,
所以$A=5$,所以$\frac{1}{2}+(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3})+(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4})+(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5}+\frac{3}{5}+\frac{4}{5})=5$。
计算:$\frac{1}{2}-(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3})+(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4})-(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5}+\frac{3}{5}+\frac{4}{5})+··· -(\frac{1}{2025}+\frac{2}{2025}+··· +\frac{2024}{2025})$。
假设$A=\frac{1}{2}+(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3})+(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4})+(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5}+\frac{3}{5}+\frac{4}{5})$,①
又有$A=\frac{1}{2}+(\frac{2}{3}+\frac{1}{3})+(\frac{3}{4}+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{1}{4})+(\frac{4}{5}+\frac{3}{5}+\frac{2}{5}+\frac{1}{5})$,②
①+②,得$2A=1+(1+1)+(1+1+1)+(1+1+1+1)=1+2+3+4=10$,
所以$A=5$,所以$\frac{1}{2}+(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3})+(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4})+(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5}+\frac{3}{5}+\frac{4}{5})=5$。
计算:$\frac{1}{2}-(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3})+(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4})-(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5}+\frac{3}{5}+\frac{4}{5})+··· -(\frac{1}{2025}+\frac{2}{2025}+··· +\frac{2024}{2025})$。
答案
14.【解】设$M=\frac{1}{2}-(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3})+(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4})-(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5}+\frac{3}{5}+\frac{4}{5})+\dots-(\frac{1}{2025}+\frac{2}{2025}+\dots+\frac{2024}{2025})$,①
又有$M=\frac{1}{2}-(\frac{2}{3}+\frac{1}{3})+(\frac{3}{4}+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{1}{4})-(\frac{4}{5}+\frac{3}{5}+\frac{2}{5}+\frac{1}{5})+\dots-(\frac{2024}{2025}+\frac{2023}{2025}+\dots+\frac{2}{2025}+\frac{1}{2025})$,②
①+②,得$2M=1-(1+1)+(1+1+1)-(1+1+1+1)+\dots-(\underbrace{1+1+\dots+1}_{共2024个1})$
$=1-2+3-4+\dots-2024$
$=\underbrace{-1-1-1-\dots-1}_{共1012个-1}$
$=-1012.$
所以$M=-\frac{1012}{2}$,
所以$\frac{1}{2}-(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3})+(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4})-(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5}+\frac{3}{5}+\frac{4}{5})+ \dots - (\frac{1}{2025} + \frac{2}{2025}+\dots+\frac{2024}{2025})=-\frac{1012}{2}.$
又有$M=\frac{1}{2}-(\frac{2}{3}+\frac{1}{3})+(\frac{3}{4}+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{1}{4})-(\frac{4}{5}+\frac{3}{5}+\frac{2}{5}+\frac{1}{5})+\dots-(\frac{2024}{2025}+\frac{2023}{2025}+\dots+\frac{2}{2025}+\frac{1}{2025})$,②
①+②,得$2M=1-(1+1)+(1+1+1)-(1+1+1+1)+\dots-(\underbrace{1+1+\dots+1}_{共2024个1})$
$=1-2+3-4+\dots-2024$
$=\underbrace{-1-1-1-\dots-1}_{共1012个-1}$
$=-1012.$
所以$M=-\frac{1012}{2}$,
所以$\frac{1}{2}-(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3})+(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4})-(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5}+\frac{3}{5}+\frac{4}{5})+ \dots - (\frac{1}{2025} + \frac{2}{2025}+\dots+\frac{2024}{2025})=-\frac{1012}{2}.$
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