Ⅰ 根据汉语提示写单词
1. As long as you don't shift the responsibility onto others in （艰难的）times, you are not a loser.
2. He always remembered the （谚语）“We are not defined by what we have but what we are.”
3. I intended to visit Xinjiang during the National Day holiday, but I changed my mind after seeing the （可怕的）traffic jams on the news.
4. Balancing your diet is of （同等的）importance in your daily life.

I. 根据汉语提示写单词
1. tough 句意:只要你在艰难时期不把责任推给别人,你就不是失败者。"艰难的"对应的英文单词为tough,此处修饰名词times,表示"艰难时期"。
2. saying 句意:他总是记得那句谚语:"定义我们的不是我们拥有的东西,而是我们是什么样的人。""谚语"对应的英文单词为saying,空前有定冠词the修饰,应用名词单数形式。
3. horrible 句意:我本打算国庆假期期间去新疆旅游,但在新闻上看到可怕的交通堵塞后改变了主意。"可怕的"对应的英文单词为horrible,此处作定语,修饰traffic jams。
4. equal 句意:均衡饮食在你的日常生活中同等重要。"同等的"对应的英文单词为equal。be of equal importance为固定搭配,意为"同等重要的"。

Ⅱ.用括号内单词的适当形式填空
1. We shouldn't be discouraged after (fail). Instead, we should keep trying with determination.
2. Encouraging creativity in children can help them develop into well-rounded (individual).
3. We should have confidence in the face of (press).
4. There is no use (cheat) in sports, because the audience will see through it.
5. Reading English every day (prove) to be beneficial to our English study.
6. However, the majority of people are (effect) speakers because they train to be.
7. Faced with so much stress, she (pretend) to be calm.
8. He concentrated all his efforts on preparing for the upcoming (compete).

II. 用括号内单词的适当形式填空
1. failure 句意:失败后我们不应该气馁。相反,我们应该坚定地继续尝试。after是介词,后面须接名词作宾语,fail的名词形式为failure,在此处为不可数名词。
2. individuals 句意:鼓励孩子的创造力可以帮助他们成长为全面发展的人。根据them可知,此处应用individual的复数形式individuals。
3. pressure 句意:面对压力,我们应该有信心。of是介词,后面须接名词作宾语,press的名词形式为pressure。
4. cheating 句意:在体育运动中作弊是没有用的,因为观众会看穿。"There is no use doing sth."是固定句型,意为"做某事是没有用的。",cheat的动名词形式为cheating。
5. proves 句意:每天读英语被证明对我们的英语学习是有益的。根据语境可知,句子描述客观事实,应用一般现在时;主语Reading English是动名词短语,谓语动词须用第三人称单数形式proves。
6. effective 句意:然而,大多数人都是有效的演讲者,因为他们接受过训练。此处须用形容词修饰名词speakers,effect的形容词形式为effective。
7. pretended 句意:面对如此大的压力,她假装镇定。根据语境可知,句子描述过去发生的动作,应用一般过去时,pretend的过去式为pretended。
8. competition 句意:他集中所有精力为即将到来的比赛做准备。此处须用形容词upcoming修饰名词,compete的名词形式为competition。

1. Since the early 1990s, a lot of clinics
in this country to treat poor people for free.

A.has been founded
B.were founded
C.have been founding
D.have been founded

1. D 句意:自20世纪90年代初以来,这个国家已经建立了许多诊所,为穷人提供免费治疗。根据Since the early 1990s可知,句子时态为现在完成时;主语a lot of clinics与动词found之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;主语a lot of clinics为复数,应用have been founded。

2. The fierce fire by the firefighters up to now. However, the cause of the fire has yet to be determined.

A.was controlled
B.would be controlled
C.has been controlled
D.had been controlled

2. C 句意:到目前为止,消防员已经控制住了这场猛烈的火灾。然而,起火的原因尚未确定。根据up to now可知,句子时态为现在完成时;主语fire与动词control之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语fire是单数,应用has been controlled。

3. The repair work of the ancient temple by now, and the temple will be opened to visitors soon.

A.is finished
B.has been finished
C.will be finished
D.had been finished

3. B 句意:这座古寺的修复工作到现在已经完成了,寺庙不久将向游客开放。根据by now可知,句子时态为现在完成时;主语The repair work与动词finish之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语The repair work是单数,应用has been finished。

4. The world upside down since the invention of the Internet and the introduction of personal computers into nearly every home.

A.is turned
B.was turned
C.has been turned
D.would be turned

4. C 句意:自从互联网发明和个人电脑几乎进入每个家庭以来,世界已经发生了翻天覆地的变化。根据since可知,句子时态为现在完成时;主语The world动词与turn之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语The world是单数,应用has been turned。

5. Over the past five years, more than one book about space exploration in China.

A.were published
B.was published
C.have been published
D.has been published
……答案 P19

5. D 句意:在过去五年里,中国出版了不止一本关于太空探索的书。根据"Over the past five years"可知,句子时态为现在完成时;主语book与动词publish之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;"more than one+单数名词"作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,应填has been published。