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第三节:语法填空。
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Yu Gong Moves the Mountains is a famous Chinese story. Once upon a time, there was 71.
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Yu Gong Moves the Mountains is a famous Chinese story. Once upon a time, there was 71.
an
old man, Yu Gong. There 72. were
(be) two huge mountains near his house. It 73. took
(take) a long time for his family to walk to the other side. One day, Yu Gong called his family together and said, "74. What
should we do about these mountains? They make 75. our
(we) life so difficult. Let's 76. move
(move) them away!" Everyone agreed. The next day, Yu Gong and his family began to work. However, a neighbour, Zhi Sou, laughed 77. at
him. "You're too old! You can't move the mountains." Yu Gong said, "I may die, 78. but
my children and grandchildren will go on moving. One day, the mountains will be gone. "79. Finally
(final), Yu Gong's spirit moved(感动) the gods. They helped to carry the mountains away. This story teaches us that we can achieve 80. goals
(goal) if we work hard and never give up.答案
71. an 72. were 73. took 74. What 75. our 76. move 77. at 78. but 79. Finally 80. goals
解析:71. 表示泛指,意为“一个老人”,且old发音以元音音素开头。故填不定冠词an。 72. there be句型遵循就近原则,根据“two huge mountains”可知be动词要用复数,且时态是一般过去时。故填were。 73. 时态是一般过去时,动词要用过去式。故填took。 74. 句意:关于这些山,我们应该做点什么呢?结合句意可知要用疑问词what,且句首单词首字母要大写。故填What。 75. 修饰名词life,要用形容词性物主代词。故填our。 76. let sb do sth:让某人做某事。故填move。 77. laugh at:嘲笑。 78. 句意:我可能会死,但是我的孩子们和孙子们将会继续搬。结合句意可知前后表示转折。故填转折连词but。 79. 修饰整个句子,用副词,且句首单词首字母要大写。故填Finally。 80. goal是可数名词,此处要用可数名词复数。故填goals。
解析:71. 表示泛指,意为“一个老人”,且old发音以元音音素开头。故填不定冠词an。 72. there be句型遵循就近原则,根据“two huge mountains”可知be动词要用复数,且时态是一般过去时。故填were。 73. 时态是一般过去时,动词要用过去式。故填took。 74. 句意:关于这些山,我们应该做点什么呢?结合句意可知要用疑问词what,且句首单词首字母要大写。故填What。 75. 修饰名词life,要用形容词性物主代词。故填our。 76. let sb do sth:让某人做某事。故填move。 77. laugh at:嘲笑。 78. 句意:我可能会死,但是我的孩子们和孙子们将会继续搬。结合句意可知前后表示转折。故填转折连词but。 79. 修饰整个句子,用副词,且句首单词首字母要大写。故填Finally。 80. goal是可数名词,此处要用可数名词复数。故填goals。
解析
【分析】
解决该语法填空需结合语境、语法规则、固定搭配及词性变化逐一分析：1. 71空泛指“一位老人”，old以元音音素开头，用不定冠词；2. 72空there be句型遵循就近原则，结合时态确定be动词；3. 73空描述过去动作用一般过去时；4. 74空特殊疑问句需选合适疑问词；5. 75空修饰名词用形容词性物主代词；6. 76空符合let的固定结构；7. 77空为固定短语搭配；8. 78空根据前后句逻辑选连词；9. 79空修饰句子用副词；10. 80空可数名词表泛指用复数。
【解析】
71. 表泛指“一位老人”，old发音以元音音素开头，填不定冠词an；
72. there be句型就近原则，主语为复数mountains，时态为一般过去时，填were；
73. 描述过去动作，用take的过去式took；
74. 疑问词作do的宾语，表“什么”，句首大写填What；
75. 修饰名词life，用形容词性物主代词our；
76. 固定搭配let sb do sth，动词用原形move；
77. 固定短语laugh at，填at；
78. 前后句为转折关系，填but；
79. 修饰整个句子用副词，句首大写填Finally；
80. goal为可数名词，表泛指用复数goals。
【答案】
71. an 72. were 73. took 74. What 75. our 76. move 77. at 78. but 79. Finally 80. goals
【知识点】
不定冠词用法；一般过去时；固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础语法填空题，考查核心语法规则与常用固定搭配，考点明确，难度适中，能有效检验学生对基础语法的掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.8
解决该语法填空需结合语境、语法规则、固定搭配及词性变化逐一分析：1. 71空泛指“一位老人”，old以元音音素开头，用不定冠词；2. 72空there be句型遵循就近原则，结合时态确定be动词；3. 73空描述过去动作用一般过去时；4. 74空特殊疑问句需选合适疑问词；5. 75空修饰名词用形容词性物主代词；6. 76空符合let的固定结构；7. 77空为固定短语搭配；8. 78空根据前后句逻辑选连词；9. 79空修饰句子用副词；10. 80空可数名词表泛指用复数。
【解析】
71. 表泛指“一位老人”，old发音以元音音素开头，填不定冠词an；
72. there be句型就近原则，主语为复数mountains，时态为一般过去时，填were；
73. 描述过去动作，用take的过去式took；
74. 疑问词作do的宾语，表“什么”，句首大写填What；
75. 修饰名词life，用形容词性物主代词our；
76. 固定搭配let sb do sth，动词用原形move；
77. 固定短语laugh at，填at；
78. 前后句为转折关系，填but；
79. 修饰整个句子用副词，句首大写填Finally；
80. goal为可数名词，表泛指用复数goals。
【答案】
71. an 72. were 73. took 74. What 75. our 76. move 77. at 78. but 79. Finally 80. goals
【知识点】
不定冠词用法；一般过去时；固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础语法填空题，考查核心语法规则与常用固定搭配，考点明确，难度适中，能有效检验学生对基础语法的掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.8
四、书面表达(本题有1小题,共20分)
研学能够拓展我们的视野,丰富我们的知识,更能让我们获得不同于传统课堂的生活体验。请你以“My Study Tour”为题,叙述你的一次研学经历。
提示:Where did you go?
What did you do there?
How did you feel about the study tour?
What did you learn from the study tour?
要求:1.包含所有要点,可适当拓展;
2.条理清晰,语句通顺,语法正确,书写规范;
3.不得出现真实的人名和校名;词数80左右。
My Study Tour
研学能够拓展我们的视野,丰富我们的知识,更能让我们获得不同于传统课堂的生活体验。请你以“My Study Tour”为题,叙述你的一次研学经历。
提示:Where did you go?
What did you do there?
How did you feel about the study tour?
What did you learn from the study tour?
要求:1.包含所有要点,可适当拓展;
2.条理清晰,语句通顺,语法正确,书写规范;
3.不得出现真实的人名和校名;词数80左右。
My Study Tour
答案
One possible version:
My Study Tour
I once took part in a study tour to a science museum with my classmates. We visited different rooms in the museum.
We went to a robot area first. The guide showed us how robots could dance and play chess! Next, we joined a workshop. We learned how waste turns into useful things through a special process. After that, we watched a 3-D film about space. Before leaving, we took photos near a big model of a spaceship.
What a happy and exciting tour! What I learned most is that science can work out big problems, and I want to study harder to explore space.
My Study Tour
I once took part in a study tour to a science museum with my classmates. We visited different rooms in the museum.
We went to a robot area first. The guide showed us how robots could dance and play chess! Next, we joined a workshop. We learned how waste turns into useful things through a special process. After that, we watched a 3-D film about space. Before leaving, we took photos near a big model of a spaceship.
What a happy and exciting tour! What I learned most is that science can work out big problems, and I want to study harder to explore space.
解析
【分析】首先审题，明确本题要求写一篇以“My Study Tour”为题的英语记叙文，需覆盖“去了哪里、做了什么、感受如何、学到了什么”四个要点，词数80左右，不能出现真实人名和校名，时态用一般过去时。接着构思内容：选择贴近学生生活的研学地点（如科学博物馆），按时间顺序安排活动（参观机器人区、参加环保 workshop、看3D电影、拍照），结尾表达积极感受和收获。最后组织语言，确保语句通顺、语法正确。
【解析】写作时分为三部分：1. 开头：点明研学的对象（和同学去科学博物馆）；2. 中间：按顺序叙述具体活动，如先参观机器人区，再参加环保 workshop，接着看3D电影，最后拍照；3. 结尾：表达感受（开心、兴奋）和学到的内容（科学能解决大问题，要努力学习探索）。注意控制词数，用一般过去时，避免真实信息。
【答案】One possible version:
My Study Tour
I once took part in a study tour to a science museum with my classmates. We visited different rooms in the museum.
We went to a robot area first. The guide showed us how robots could dance and play chess! Next, we joined a workshop. We learned how waste turns into useful things through a special process. After that, we watched a 3-D film about space. Before leaving, we took photos near a big model of a spaceship.
What a happy and exciting tour! What I learned most is that science can work out big problems, and I want to study harder to explore space.
【知识点】英语记叙文写作、一般过去时运用、要点整合表达
【点评】范文紧扣题目要求，完整覆盖所有提示要点，叙事条理清晰，时态准确，语言通顺自然，情感真实，符合初中英语书面表达的评分标准，是一篇优秀的范文。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】写作时分为三部分：1. 开头：点明研学的对象（和同学去科学博物馆）；2. 中间：按顺序叙述具体活动，如先参观机器人区，再参加环保 workshop，接着看3D电影，最后拍照；3. 结尾：表达感受（开心、兴奋）和学到的内容（科学能解决大问题，要努力学习探索）。注意控制词数，用一般过去时，避免真实信息。
【答案】One possible version:
My Study Tour
I once took part in a study tour to a science museum with my classmates. We visited different rooms in the museum.
We went to a robot area first. The guide showed us how robots could dance and play chess! Next, we joined a workshop. We learned how waste turns into useful things through a special process. After that, we watched a 3-D film about space. Before leaving, we took photos near a big model of a spaceship.
What a happy and exciting tour! What I learned most is that science can work out big problems, and I want to study harder to explore space.
【知识点】英语记叙文写作、一般过去时运用、要点整合表达
【点评】范文紧扣题目要求，完整覆盖所有提示要点，叙事条理清晰，时态准确，语言通顺自然，情感真实，符合初中英语书面表达的评分标准，是一篇优秀的范文。
【难度系数】0.6
