A
(2024·无锡三模)Like detectives, archaeologists use evidence to solve mysteries. Detectives look for clues to solve crimes. Archaeologists look for clues to help them understand how people lived long ago. In fact, the word “archaeology” means “the study of ancient things”. One type of evidence used to learn about the past is pottery.
People have used pottery for thousands of years all over the world. Old pottery is usually found in pieces called “potsherds”. Sometimes potsherds found in the same place can be put back together to recreate the original pot. Even in pieces, old pottery can teach us about the past. When examining pottery, archaeologists consider not only its appearance but what it was made of and how it was made. With this knowledge, they can get information about people's lives in ancient times. ①
Pottery is made by first adding water to a kind of soil called clay. When wet clay can be formed into shapes, it is then heated. This hardens (使变硬) the clay and allows it to keep its shape. To make clay easier to shape and heat, potters (制陶工) use something called “temper”. Different materials can be used as temper. An archaeologist can tell where a pot came from by the types of clay and temper that were used. Sometimes a pot found in one location might have materials from another place. ②
Some of the earliest pots were made quite simply. A piece of clay was hollowed (掏空) out and shaped into a bowl. It was then heated at a low temperature. The finished pot was rough (粗糙的), and often undecorated. This type of pot might be used for cooking. ③
Later, coiled pots were made. These were made by first rolling the clay into a long snake shape. The coil was then wound (绕) in circles to form a pot. They were often decorated in different ways. These pots were heated at high temperatures. The higher the temperature, the harder and longer-lasting the pot. Further improvements in pottery-making developed in different times and places. ④
A pot's shape and decoration can provide clues about the past. Painted pictures might show events from daily life or from ancient stories. Archaeologists know certain shapes and styles that were common in different times and places.
Archaeologists study the differences in types of pottery closely. Because of their work, these daily objects can tell some of the mysteries of the past.
1. Why are detectives and archaeologists mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A. To compare the pottery with evidence.
B. To show the long history of pottery.
C. To lead to the topic of the passage.
D. To catch readers' attention to archaeology.
2. 新考法 补全文章 We can put “This can provide clues about how people traded or travelled.” in Blank ________.
A. ①
B. ②
C. ③
D. ④
3. When is temper added to the clay?
A. Before the clay is shaped.
B. After the pot is heated.
C. While the pot is being decorated.
D. When the clay is hollowed.
4. 语言能力 归纳能力 What is the main idea of this passage?
A. People have used pottery for thousands of years all over the world.
B. Pots are decorated with pictures that show events from ancient stories.
C. Ancient pottery can tell about the lives of the people who made and used it.
D. Archaeologists look for clues to solve mysteries in different times and places.
(2024·无锡三模)Like detectives, archaeologists use evidence to solve mysteries. Detectives look for clues to solve crimes. Archaeologists look for clues to help them understand how people lived long ago. In fact, the word “archaeology” means “the study of ancient things”. One type of evidence used to learn about the past is pottery.
People have used pottery for thousands of years all over the world. Old pottery is usually found in pieces called “potsherds”. Sometimes potsherds found in the same place can be put back together to recreate the original pot. Even in pieces, old pottery can teach us about the past. When examining pottery, archaeologists consider not only its appearance but what it was made of and how it was made. With this knowledge, they can get information about people's lives in ancient times. ①
Pottery is made by first adding water to a kind of soil called clay. When wet clay can be formed into shapes, it is then heated. This hardens (使变硬) the clay and allows it to keep its shape. To make clay easier to shape and heat, potters (制陶工) use something called “temper”. Different materials can be used as temper. An archaeologist can tell where a pot came from by the types of clay and temper that were used. Sometimes a pot found in one location might have materials from another place. ②
Some of the earliest pots were made quite simply. A piece of clay was hollowed (掏空) out and shaped into a bowl. It was then heated at a low temperature. The finished pot was rough (粗糙的), and often undecorated. This type of pot might be used for cooking. ③
Later, coiled pots were made. These were made by first rolling the clay into a long snake shape. The coil was then wound (绕) in circles to form a pot. They were often decorated in different ways. These pots were heated at high temperatures. The higher the temperature, the harder and longer-lasting the pot. Further improvements in pottery-making developed in different times and places. ④
A pot's shape and decoration can provide clues about the past. Painted pictures might show events from daily life or from ancient stories. Archaeologists know certain shapes and styles that were common in different times and places.
Archaeologists study the differences in types of pottery closely. Because of their work, these daily objects can tell some of the mysteries of the past.
1. Why are detectives and archaeologists mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A. To compare the pottery with evidence.
B. To show the long history of pottery.
C. To lead to the topic of the passage.
D. To catch readers' attention to archaeology.
2. 新考法 补全文章 We can put “This can provide clues about how people traded or travelled.” in Blank ________.
A. ①
B. ②
C. ③
D. ④
3. When is temper added to the clay?
A. Before the clay is shaped.
B. After the pot is heated.
C. While the pot is being decorated.
D. When the clay is hollowed.
4. 语言能力 归纳能力 What is the main idea of this passage?
A. People have used pottery for thousands of years all over the world.
B. Pots are decorated with pictures that show events from ancient stories.
C. Ancient pottery can tell about the lives of the people who made and used it.
D. Archaeologists look for clues to solve mysteries in different times and places.
答案
1~4 CBAC
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了考古学家们通过研究出土的陶器来研究过去人们的生活。
1. C 推理判断题。根据“Like detectives, archaeologists use evidence to solve mysteries. Detectives look for clues to solve crimes. Archaeologists look for clues to help them understand how people lived long ago.”可推知，本段介绍考古学家和侦探之间的相似之处是为了引出本文的主题，即考古学家通过研究出土的陶器来研究人们过去的生活。故选 C。
2. B 补全文章题。根据“An archaeologist can tell where a pot came from by the types of clay and temper that were used. Sometimes a pot found in one location might have materials from another place.”可知，考古学家可以通过所使用的粘土类型和回火来判断陶器的来源，有时在一个地方发现的罐子里可能有来自另一个地方的材料，与“这可以提供人们如何交易或旅行的线索。”形成逻辑连接关系。故选 B。
3. A 推理判断题。根据“To make clay easier to shape and heat, potters use something called ‘temper’.”可知，是为了使粘土更容易成型和加热，陶工们使用回火，故推出回火应在成型前添加。故选 A。
4. C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了考古学家们通过研究出土的陶器来研究过去人们的生活。故选 C。
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了考古学家们通过研究出土的陶器来研究过去人们的生活。
1. C 推理判断题。根据“Like detectives, archaeologists use evidence to solve mysteries. Detectives look for clues to solve crimes. Archaeologists look for clues to help them understand how people lived long ago.”可推知，本段介绍考古学家和侦探之间的相似之处是为了引出本文的主题，即考古学家通过研究出土的陶器来研究人们过去的生活。故选 C。
2. B 补全文章题。根据“An archaeologist can tell where a pot came from by the types of clay and temper that were used. Sometimes a pot found in one location might have materials from another place.”可知，考古学家可以通过所使用的粘土类型和回火来判断陶器的来源，有时在一个地方发现的罐子里可能有来自另一个地方的材料，与“这可以提供人们如何交易或旅行的线索。”形成逻辑连接关系。故选 B。
3. A 推理判断题。根据“To make clay easier to shape and heat, potters use something called ‘temper’.”可知，是为了使粘土更容易成型和加热，陶工们使用回火，故推出回火应在成型前添加。故选 A。
4. C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了考古学家们通过研究出土的陶器来研究过去人们的生活。故选 C。
