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We can see different kinds of wonderful things in nature. A glacier is one of them. What's a glacier? It is a large piece of ice. Glaciers are called “rivers of ice”. That's because they move like very slow rivers.
There are two main kinds of glaciers. One is a sheet(片) of ice that spreads over a large area of land. The other kind forms in mountains and moves down to valleys(山谷).
Falling snow forms glaciers. In high mountains, snow falls and does not melt. New snow falls on old snow. After many years, the snow turns into ice and then into a glacier. Over time, a glacier becomes very heavy. This causes it to move.
Glaciers change the earth's surface as they move. They shape mountains. They carry rocks and soil. When glaciers melt, they leave behind the rocks and soil.
Most places with high mountains have glaciers. Glaciers cover about one-tenth of the earth's land. Most of the earth's fresh water is stored in glaciers. Melted glacier water is used as drinking water in some places. Scientists study glaciers that have been around thousands of years. Glaciers can also be used to learn about the earth's climate long ago.
When a glacier reaches the ocean, parts of it break off. These icebergs(冰山) can be bad for ships. Glaciers are dangerous for mountain climbers. Many glaciers have deep cracks(裂缝) that can open quickly.
Scientists have realised glaciers have a close connection with the climate. They begin to melt because of the rising temperature. In order to stop the melting of glaciers caused by climate change, each of us should do something.
(
A. Mountains are mainly created by glaciers.
B. Glaciers cover most parts of the earth's land.
C. A small amount of fresh water is stored in glaciers.
D. Thousand-year-old glaciers carry climate information.
(
A. By asking questions.
B. By listing facts in spatial order.
C. By showing problems and solutions.
D. By listing causes and effects.
(
A. The problems mountain climbers cause for glaciers.
B. The differences glaciers make to the earth's surface.
C. The dangers that glaciers bring to people.
D. A call for humans to act to protect glaciers.
(
A. To give readers information about glaciers.
B. To show the importance of glaciers.
C. To explain how humans influence glaciers.
D. To describe good and bad sides of glaciers.
There are two main kinds of glaciers. One is a sheet(片) of ice that spreads over a large area of land. The other kind forms in mountains and moves down to valleys(山谷).
Falling snow forms glaciers. In high mountains, snow falls and does not melt. New snow falls on old snow. After many years, the snow turns into ice and then into a glacier. Over time, a glacier becomes very heavy. This causes it to move.
Glaciers change the earth's surface as they move. They shape mountains. They carry rocks and soil. When glaciers melt, they leave behind the rocks and soil.
Most places with high mountains have glaciers. Glaciers cover about one-tenth of the earth's land. Most of the earth's fresh water is stored in glaciers. Melted glacier water is used as drinking water in some places. Scientists study glaciers that have been around thousands of years. Glaciers can also be used to learn about the earth's climate long ago.
When a glacier reaches the ocean, parts of it break off. These icebergs(冰山) can be bad for ships. Glaciers are dangerous for mountain climbers. Many glaciers have deep cracks(裂缝) that can open quickly.
Scientists have realised glaciers have a close connection with the climate. They begin to melt because of the rising temperature. In order to stop the melting of glaciers caused by climate change, each of us should do something.
(
D
)27. What might a geography teacher say in his class?A. Mountains are mainly created by glaciers.
B. Glaciers cover most parts of the earth's land.
C. A small amount of fresh water is stored in glaciers.
D. Thousand-year-old glaciers carry climate information.
(
D
)28. How does the writer organise Paragraph 3?A. By asking questions.
B. By listing facts in spatial order.
C. By showing problems and solutions.
D. By listing causes and effects.
(
C
)29. What is the main idea of Paragraph 6?A. The problems mountain climbers cause for glaciers.
B. The differences glaciers make to the earth's surface.
C. The dangers that glaciers bring to people.
D. A call for humans to act to protect glaciers.
(
A
)30. What is the purpose of the text?A. To give readers information about glaciers.
B. To show the importance of glaciers.
C. To explain how humans influence glaciers.
D. To describe good and bad sides of glaciers.
答案
27.D 28.D 29.C 30.A
解析
【分析】
这是一篇关于冰川的科普类阅读理解题，需结合原文细节、段落结构、主旨大意逐一分析选项：
1. 27题需定位原文中关于冰川与气候、千年冰川的相关表述，排除与原文不符的选项；
2. 28题需分析第三段的行文逻辑，判断其结构类型；
3. 29题需提炼第六段的核心内容，明确段落主旨；
4. 30题需梳理全文内容，确定作者的写作目的。
【解析】
27题：原文第五段明确提到“Scientists study glaciers that have been around thousands of years. Glaciers can also be used to learn about the earth's climate long ago.”，对应选项D；A项原文是冰川“shape mountains”而非“created mountains”，B项冰川仅覆盖地球1/10的陆地而非大部分，C项冰川储存地球大部分淡水而非少量，故排除A、B、C，选D。
28题：第三段先说明“降雪形成冰川”的原因，再阐述“雪多年后变冰成冰川，冰川变重导致移动”的结果，属于因果关系，故选D。
29题：第六段主要讲述冰川对船只、登山者的危险（如冰山威胁船只、冰川有深裂缝威胁登山者），核心是冰川带来的危险，故选C。
30题：全文介绍了冰川的定义、种类、形成、作用、危险及与气候的关系，主要目的是向读者传递冰川的相关信息，故选A。
【答案】
27.D 28.D 29.C 30.A
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解、段落结构、主旨大意）
【点评】
本题为科普类阅读理解，侧重考查学生对原文细节的定位、段落逻辑的梳理及全文主旨的把握，难度适中，需学生仔细研读原文对应内容。
【难度系数】
0.5
这是一篇关于冰川的科普类阅读理解题，需结合原文细节、段落结构、主旨大意逐一分析选项：
1. 27题需定位原文中关于冰川与气候、千年冰川的相关表述，排除与原文不符的选项；
2. 28题需分析第三段的行文逻辑，判断其结构类型；
3. 29题需提炼第六段的核心内容，明确段落主旨；
4. 30题需梳理全文内容，确定作者的写作目的。
【解析】
27题：原文第五段明确提到“Scientists study glaciers that have been around thousands of years. Glaciers can also be used to learn about the earth's climate long ago.”，对应选项D；A项原文是冰川“shape mountains”而非“created mountains”，B项冰川仅覆盖地球1/10的陆地而非大部分，C项冰川储存地球大部分淡水而非少量，故排除A、B、C，选D。
28题：第三段先说明“降雪形成冰川”的原因，再阐述“雪多年后变冰成冰川，冰川变重导致移动”的结果，属于因果关系，故选D。
29题：第六段主要讲述冰川对船只、登山者的危险（如冰山威胁船只、冰川有深裂缝威胁登山者），核心是冰川带来的危险，故选C。
30题：全文介绍了冰川的定义、种类、形成、作用、危险及与气候的关系，主要目的是向读者传递冰川的相关信息，故选A。
【答案】
27.D 28.D 29.C 30.A
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解、段落结构、主旨大意）
【点评】
本题为科普类阅读理解，侧重考查学生对原文细节的定位、段落逻辑的梳理及全文主旨的把握，难度适中，需学生仔细研读原文对应内容。
【难度系数】
0.5
