根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词
1. Our English teacher asks us to read the （章节；段落）aloud to help us understand it better.
2. In my （看法）, hospitality（热情好客）and kindness make cities friendly, attractive, and more welcoming to travelers.
3. She traveled to new cities, met interesting people, and lastly, found a （重要意义）in life.
4. [2026 福州第一中学开学练习改编]—Why did the （老板）consider the plan for so long?
—He had to weigh the advantages and disadvantages before making the decision.
5. [2026 无锡一模改编]The tourists are s with the nice service of Wuxi Museum.
6. If you want to collect s, you can go to the post office to buy them.
7. The d suggests that we should brush our teeth three times a day.
8. One night, Hou Yi found that the moon was so bright and round that he could see his w there.

1. passage
2. opinion
3. purpose
4. boss
5. satisfied
6. stamps
7. dentist
8. wife

【分析】这类题目要求根据汉语释义或首字母提示，结合句子语境和固定搭配填写正确的英语单词，需注意单词的拼写形式及词性是否符合句子结构，解题时先明确提示信息，再匹配对应的核心词汇，确保答案准确。
【解析】1. 根据汉语提示“章节；段落”，结合“read...aloud”（大声朗读）的语境，应填名词passage；2. 固定搭配“in my opinion”意为“在我看来”，对应汉语“看法”，故填opinion；3. 结合语境“生活中的重要意义”，此处填名词purpose；4. 根据汉语提示“老板”，填名词boss；5. 首字母为s，搭配“be satisfied with”（对...满意），符合游客对服务的态度，故填satisfied；6. 邮局售卖的是邮票，结合首字母s，且需用复数形式，填stamps；7. 能建议每天刷三次牙的职业是牙医，结合首字母d，填dentist；8. 后羿的妻子，结合首字母w，填名词wife。
【答案】1. passage 2. opinion 3. purpose 4. boss 5. satisfied 6. stamps 7. dentist 8. wife
【知识点】英语单词拼写、固定搭配
【点评】本题考查基础英语词汇的运用，涵盖汉语提示和首字母提示两种题型，涉及常用搭配和核心词汇，是初中英语的基础题型，侧重考查学生的词汇积累。
【难度系数】0.8

一、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. [2024 绥化中考]My little brother suggested (go) for a walk.
2. This book tells us how to develop good (learn) habits.
3. My favourite hobby is (play) the guitar in my free time.
4. If you have a cold, you should drink lots of (boil) water.
5. I’m really (worry) about failing the physics exam. It was very hard.
6. [2024 徐州中考]Finishing a meal in 20 to 30 minutes is widely considered as the ideal (eat) time.
7. [2025 苏州中考]Before the Spring Festival, we spent weeks (practice) the dragon dance.
8. My uncle fell off the horse and his left arm was (break).
9. [2025 兰州中考]Keep studying hard in the future because (learn) is a lifelong journey.
10. [2025 淮安中考]Millie enjoys singing and (read). These hobbies make her life colourful.
11. The boy saw his father (watch) the video about the news of Shenzhou-20 when he opened the door.
12. [2024 包头中考]Many students have trouble (communicate) with their parents. However, with a little hard work, they can learn to solve this problem.

1. going suggest doing sth 意为“建议做某事”,doing 作 suggest 的宾语。
2. learning 句意:这本书告诉我们如何养成良好的学习习惯。learning habit“学习习惯”,此处为动词-ing 形式作定语置于名词前。故填 learning。
3. playing 句意:我最喜欢的爱好就是在空闲时间弹吉他。此处用动词-ing 形式“playing”作表语。
4. boiled 句意:如果你感冒了,你应该多喝开水。空处用过去分词 boiled 作定语,修饰名词“water”,boiled water 表示“开水”。
5. worried 句意:我真的担心物理考试不及格。它太难了。be worried about ...“对……担心”,系表结构,过去分词 worried 作表语。故填 worried。
6. eating 句意:在 20 到 30 分钟内吃完一顿饭被普遍认为是理想的吃饭时间。此处用动词-ing 形式作定语修饰名词“time”。
7. practicing spend time (in) doing sth“花费时间做某事”,动词-ing 形式作宾语。
8. broken 句意:我叔叔从马上摔了下来,他的左臂骨折了。空处位于系动词 was 之后,此处缺少表语。“break”的形容词为“broken”,作表语,表示状态,意为“骨折的”或“断了的”。
9. learning 句意:在未来继续努力学习,因为学习是一个终生的旅程。分析句子结构可知,从句缺少主语,应用动词-ing 形式“learning”作从句的主语。故填 learning。
10. reading 句意:Millie 喜欢唱歌和阅读。这些爱好使她的生活丰富多彩。空处应用动词-ing 形式与“singing”并列,作 enjoys 的宾语。故填 reading。
11. watching 句意:男孩开门时,看到他的父亲正在看关于神舟二十号新闻的视频。see sb doing sth 表示“看到某人正在做某事”,此处用 watching 作“saw”的宾语补足语。
12. communicating have trouble doing sth 意为“做某事有困难”。

【分析】
本题为英语用所给单词适当形式填空的题型，核心考查非谓语动词的各类用法（动名词、分词）及固定搭配，解题时需先分析句子结构、寻找固定搭配，再结合语境判断所给单词的正确形式：动名词可作宾语、定语、主语、表语；分词可作表语、定语；还有多个固定短语要求动词用动名词形式。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配suggest doing sth（建议做某事），故填going；
2. 此处需用动名词作定语修饰名词habits，构成learning habits（学习习惯），故填learning；
3. 动名词作表语，说明hobby的具体内容，故填playing；
4. 过去分词boiled作定语修饰water，构成boiled water（开水），故填boiled；
5. 固定搭配be worried about（担心……），故填worried；
6. 动名词作定语修饰time，构成eating time（吃饭时间），故填eating；
7. 固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth（花费时间做某事），故填practicing；
8. 形容词broken作表语，描述手臂骨折的状态，故填broken；
9. 从句缺少主语，用动名词learning作主语，故填learning；
10. enjoy后接并列的动名词作宾语，与singing并列，故填reading；
11. 固定搭配see sb doing sth（看到某人正在做某事），故填watching；
12. 固定搭配have trouble doing sth（做某事有困难），故填communicating。
【答案】
1. going 2. learning 3. playing 4. boiled 5. worried 6. eating 7. practicing 8. broken 9. learning 10. reading 11. watching 12. communicating
【知识点】
非谓语动词用法、固定搭配、词性转换
【点评】
本题是初中英语中考常见的基础题型，聚焦非谓语动词核心用法及常用固定短语，考查学生对基础语法和短语的掌握程度，是对英语基础知识点的综合检测。
【难度系数】
0.7

二、用所给单词的适当形式补全短文
新风向·语篇考语法 Last Saturday morning, I heard Mrs. Li, my next-door neighbor, 1. (call) for help. Her little grandson was crying loudly because his toy car was broken. 2. (fix) toys is not difficult for me, so I went over right away.
When I arrived, the boy held the 3. (break) toy car tightly. I sat down on the floor and started 4. (examine) the toy car. 5. (find) the loose wheel took me just a minute. I repaired it carefully. The boy was so 6. (interest) that he stopped 7. (cry) and gave me a big smile. That afternoon, I also helped Mr. Wang carry his heavy groceries upstairs. He was so grateful that he gave me a hug.
Small acts of kindness can bring great joy to both others and myself. These are 8. (amaze) things in my life and I will always be 9. (satisfy). From now on, I will keep 10. (do) what I can to help people around me.

1. calling
2. Fixing
3. broken
4. examining/to examine
5. Finding
6. interested
7. crying
8. amazing
9. satisfied
10. doing

【分析】本题为语篇型语法填空，需结合语境和语法规则对所给单词变形。解题思路：1. 考查hear的固定搭配，hear sb. doing sth.表“听到某人正在做某事”，故用call的动名词形式；2. 作主语需用动名词，故用fix的动名词；3. 修饰名词需用形容词，故用break的形容词broken；4. start后可接动名词或不定式作宾语，故examine可变形为examining或to examine；5. 作主语用动名词，故find变动名词；6. 修饰人用-ed形容词，故interest变interested；7. 考查stop doing sth.（停止做某事），故cry变动名词；8. 修饰事物用-ing形容词，故amaze变amazing；9. 修饰人用-ed形容词，故satisfy变satisfied；10. 考查keep doing sth.（坚持做某事），故do变动名词。
【解析】1. 固定搭配hear sb. doing sth.（听到某人正在做某事），强调动作正在进行，故填calling；2. 此处作句子主语，需用动名词形式，故填Fixing；3. 修饰名词短语toy car，需用形容词，broken为形容词“损坏的”，故填broken；4. start后可接动名词或不定式作宾语，即start doing/to do sth.，故填examining/to examine；5. 此处作句子主语，需用动名词形式，故填Finding；6. 修饰人（the boy）需用-ed结尾的形容词，interested意为“感兴趣的”，故填interested；7. 固定搭配stop doing sth.（停止正在做的某事），此处指男孩停止哭泣，故填crying；8. 修饰事物（things）需用-ing结尾的形容词，amazing意为“令人惊奇的”，故填amazing；9. 修饰人（主语I）需用-ed结尾的形容词，satisfied意为“满意的”，故填satisfied；10. 固定搭配keep doing sth.（坚持做某事），故填doing。
【答案】1. calling；2. Fixing；3. broken；4. examining/to examine；5. Finding；6. interested；7. crying；8. amazing；9. satisfied；10. doing
【知识点】非谓语动词、形容词辨析、固定搭配
【点评】本题为初中英语常见的语篇型语法填空题，主要考查基础语法知识，包括非谓语动词的用法、-ed/-ing形容词的辨析以及常用固定搭配，需结合语境分析单词的正确形式，难度适中，适合巩固基础语法。
【难度系数】0.5