三、阅读理解
①Do you know El Niño (厄尔尼诺)? It is a common weather event caused by the unusual warming of ocean water near the equator (赤道). It usually happens every few years and can last for several months. It influences the world’s weather a lot.
②El Niño forms because of changes in ocean temperature and the connection between the ocean and the wind. Usually, the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean is cold, but the western part is warm. Sometimes, the cold water in the east can’t go up, and warm water accumulates (堆积), making the ocean too warm.
③The warm sea water heats the air above it and changes air pressure. As a result, winds move in different directions and rainfall around the world changes, which finally leads to unusual weather.
④According to 2026 BBC reports, there is a 75% chance of El Niño forming by mid-summer. If it is a strong one, world temperatures will go up, and rainfall will change a lot. It will have an influence on world temperatures and weather.
⑤El Niño also brings harm to many places. Some areas will have heavy rain and floods, destroying (破坏)houses and crops. Other places will face dry weather and wildfires, which are bad for people, plants and animals.
⑥To stay safe, we need to take simple but useful steps. People in flood-prone (洪水频发的) areas should prepare sandbags and put important things on high ground. Those in dry areas must store plenty of water and avoid wildfires. Besides, it is wise to follow weather reports and prepare daily supplies such as bottled water and first-aid boxes.
()1. What does the warm ocean water cause according to the passage?
A. It makes winds and rainfall change in many places.
B. It cools down the air above the ocean quickly.
C. It brings more sunshine to the whole world.
D. It makes the cold water in the east go up.
()2. What can we infer from the passage?
A. El Niño has nothing to do with world temperatures.
B. Super El Niño is sure to happen in the year 2026.
C. People and animals may face great difficulties during the El Niño.
D. People in dry areas must prepare sandbags and avoid wildfires.
()3. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. What El Niño Is and How to Keep Safe
B. How to Keep El Niño Away from Us
C. Causes of Heavy Rain and Droughts
D. A Special Weather Event in 2026
()4. Which of the following shows the structure of this passage?

1.A 2.C 3.A 4.B

【分析】要解答第4题，需先梳理文章各段落的功能：第①段介绍厄尔尼诺的定义，属于“Fact（事实）”；第②③段说明厄尔尼诺形成的原因，属于“Cause（原因）”；第④⑤段阐述厄尔尼诺带来的影响（包括对温度、天气的改变及各地的危害），属于“Influence（影响）”；第⑥段给出应对厄尔尼诺的建议，属于“Suggestion（建议）”。对应选项B的结构：Fact→Cause（②③）→Influence（④⑤）→Suggestion（⑥），符合文章结构。
【解析】文章结构分析：1. 第①段：定义厄尔尼诺，对应Fact（①）；2. 第②③段：说明厄尔尼诺的形成原因，对应Cause（②③）；3. 第④⑤段：阐述厄尔尼诺的影响（温度、天气变化及危害），对应Influence（④⑤）；4. 第⑥段：给出应对建议，对应Suggestion（⑥）。选项B的结构与上述分析一致，故选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】英语阅读理解（文章结构分析）
【点评】本题考查英语阅读中对文章结构的梳理能力，需准确区分各段落的功能模块，难度中等。
【难度系数】0.5