2026年课时提优计划作业本八年级英语上册译林版苏州专版第97页答案
一、根据汉语注释或首字母提示写出单词
1.
Penguins
(企鹅) live in cold environments like Antarctica.
2. This area of France has pleasing
climate
(气候) in August.
3. Cows and sheep graze(吃青草) on the vast
grasslands
(草原) in Inner Mongolia.
4. The d
desert
is very dry and hot.
5. The r
rainforest
is a dense forest that receives a lot of rain.

答案

1. Penguins 2. climate 3. grasslands
4. desert 5. rainforest

解析

【分析】这是根据汉语注释或首字母提示填写正确英语单词的基础题型,解题时需结合句意、汉语意思或首字母线索,同时注意单词的正确形式(如可数名词的单复数),确保拼写准确且符合语境。
【解析】1. 句意:企鹅生活在像南极洲这样寒冷的环境中。“企鹅”对应的英文单词是penguin,句中谓语动词live为原形,主语需用复数形式,故填Penguins;2. 句意:法国这个地区八月的气候宜人。“气候”对应的英文单词是climate,为不可数名词,故填climate;3. 句意:牛和羊在内蒙古广阔的草原上吃草。“草原”对应的英文单词是grasslands,常用复数形式表示广阔的草原,故填grasslands;4. 句意:这个地方非常干燥炎热。根据首字母d及“干燥炎热”的描述,可知是desert(沙漠),故填desert;5. 句意:雨林是茂密的森林,接收大量雨水。根据首字母r及“茂密森林、多雨”的描述,可知是rainforest(雨林),故填rainforest。
【答案】1. Penguins 2. climate 3. grasslands 4. desert 5. rainforest
【知识点】英语单词拼写、名词的用法
【点评】本题考查基础名词的拼写与语境运用,属于英语学习中的基础题型,只要积累常见词汇并结合提示即可轻松完成,适合巩固核心词汇。
【难度系数】0.8
二、选词填空
temperature ecosystem climate the importance of be home to
1. The Biology Club studies how
climate
change affects local bird populations.
2. Yancheng Wetland
is home to
over 400 species(物种) of migratory(迁徙的) birds in winter.
3. Pollution from human activities can harm the
ecosystem
and endanger many species.
4. The school doctor explained
the importance of
washing hands before meals.
5. Winter closes in and the
temperature
drops below freezing.

答案

1. climate 2. is home to 3. ecosystem
4. the importance of 5. temperature

解析

【分析】
解题思路:首先明确所给词汇和短语的含义,再结合每个句子的语境、语法结构逐一匹配选择。先梳理各选项:climate(气候)、be home to(是……的家园)、ecosystem(生态系统)、the importance of(……的重要性)、temperature(温度);再根据句子语义和语法要求确定每个空的正确选项。
【解析】
1. 句意:生物俱乐部研究气候变化如何影响当地鸟类种群。此处需表示“气候”,故填climate;
2. 句意:盐城湿地在冬天是400多种候鸟的家园。be home to表示“是……的家园”,主语Yancheng Wetland为单数,一般现在时,故填is home to;
3. 句意:人类活动产生的污染会损害生态系统,危及许多物种。此处需表示“生态系统”,故填ecosystem;
4. 句意:校医解释饭前洗手的重要性。此处需表示“……的重要性”,故填the importance of;
5. 句意:冬天来临,温度降到冰点以下。此处需表示“温度”,故填temperature。
【答案】
1. climate 2. is home to 3. ecosystem 4. the importance of 5. temperature
【知识点】
词汇辨析、短语运用、选词填空
【点评】
本题为基础选词填空题,主要考查常见名词和短语的词义理解及语境运用,难度较低,只要掌握各词汇短语含义并结合句子逻辑即可轻松作答,适合巩固基础词汇。
【难度系数】
0.7
三、根据汉语完成句子
1. 草原大多位于沙漠和森林之间。
Grasslands often lie between deserts
and forests.
2. 沙漠里的昼夜温差极大。
The difference
in temperature between day and night in deserts
is huge.
3. 珊瑚礁在小范围内为大量海洋生物提供生存支持。
Coral reefs support
a lot of marine life
in a small area
.
4. 沙漠气候如此恶劣,只有少数动植物能生存。
The climate in deserts
is so awful that only a few animals and plants
can live there.
5. 内蒙古的草原上有马和牛,而非洲的草原上有狮子和长颈鹿。
In Inner Mongolia,
there are horses and cows on grasslands
, but in Africa,
there are lions and giraffes
.

答案

1. Grasslands often lie between deserts 2. in temperature between day and night in deserts
3. Coral reefs support; in a small area 4. is so awful that only a few animals and plants
5. there are horses and cows on grasslands; there are lions and giraffes

解析

【分析】先理解每个汉语句子的核心含义,再回忆对应的英语固定搭配、常用句型,结合主谓一致、介词用法等语法知识,补全句子空缺部分。
【解析】1. 主语“草原”译为Grasslands,“大多”用副词often,“位于……之间”是固定搭配lie between...and,“沙漠”译为deserts,故填Grasslands often lie between deserts;
2. “温差”是the difference in temperature,“昼夜”译为between day and night,“在沙漠里”是in deserts,故填in temperature between day and night in deserts;
3. “珊瑚礁”译为Coral reefs,“为……提供支持”用support,“在小范围内”是in a small area,故填Coral reefs support; in a small area;
4. “如此……以至于”用so...that引导结果状语从句,“恶劣”译为awful,“少数动植物”是only a few animals and plants,故填is so awful that only a few animals and plants;
5. 表示“某地有某物”用there be句型,“内蒙古的草原上有马和牛”译为there are horses and cows on grasslands,“非洲的草原上有狮子和长颈鹿”译为there are lions and giraffes。
【答案】1. Grasslands often lie between deserts
2. in temperature between day and night in deserts
3. Coral reefs support; in a small area
4. is so awful that only a few animals and plants
5. there are horses and cows on grasslands; there are lions and giraffes
【知识点】固定搭配、there be句型、so...that结构
【点评】本题考查基础英语词汇、固定短语及常用句型的运用,侧重对基础知识的掌握,难度较低,适合巩固基础。
【难度系数】0.8
四、完形填空
The natural world is a wonderful place. It includes forests, rivers, mountains and 1. All these parts work together to keep our planet healthy.
Forests are home to many animals and plants. They 2 oxygen and help clean the air. But people cut down too many trees, 3 the homes of wild animals.
Rivers are important too. They provide water for 4 and animals. However, pollution from factories and farms often 5 rivers dirty.
Mountains are beautiful and provide a 6 for many plants. Some people like to climb mountains to enjoy the 7. But we should be careful not to leave rubbish there.
We must protect the natural world. We can plant trees, and we should stop polluting rivers or 8 on mountains. By doing these, we can make sure the natural world stays 9 for future generations. Remember, we are part of the natural world and need to 10 it.
(
B
)1. A. cities B. deserts C. schools D. hospitals
(
A
)2. A. produce B. waste C. need D. use
(
C
)3. A. building B. protecting C. destroying D. helping
(
A
)4. A. people B. cars C. machines D. roads
(
A
)5. A. makes B. keeps C. lets D. has
(
A
)6. A. home B. zoo C. park D. garden
(
B
)7. A. food B. view C. air D. water
(
B
)8. A. damaging B. littering C. climbing D. enjoying
(
B
)9. A. ugly B. healthy C. dirty D. small
(
C
)10. A. harm B. ignore C. protect D. use

答案

1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.C

解析

【分析】
这是一篇环保主题的完形填空,解题思路为:1. 先通读全文,把握文章主旨(呼吁保护自然世界);2. 逐空分析,结合上下文语境、词义辨析、固定搭配等逻辑选择正确选项;3. 代入答案通读验证,确保文意通顺、逻辑连贯。
【解析】
1. 前文列举自然世界的组成(森林、河流、山脉),deserts(沙漠)属于自然范畴,其余选项为人工事物,故选B。
2. 森林的功能是产生氧气,produce意为“产生”,waste(浪费)、need(需要)、use(使用)不符合语境,故选A。
3. 砍伐树木会破坏野生动物的家园,destroying意为“破坏”,building(建造)、protecting(保护)、helping(帮助)与文意相悖,故选C。
4. 河流为人类和动物提供水源,people符合语境,cars(汽车)、machines(机器)、roads(道路)与水源供给无关,故选A。
5. 固定搭配“make sth + adj”表示“使某物变得……”,此处指污染让河流变脏,故选A。
6. 山脉为植物提供生存的家园,home符合文意,zoo(动物园)、park(公园)、garden(花园)不符合山脉的功能,故选A。
7. 爬山的目的是欣赏风景,view意为“风景”,food(食物)、air(空气)、water(水)不符合爬山的核心目的,故选B。
8. 前文提到不要在山上留垃圾,littering意为“扔垃圾”,对应语境,damaging(破坏)、climbing(攀爬)、enjoying(享受)不符合,故选B。
9. 文章主旨是保护自然,让自然保持健康,healthy符合语境,ugly(丑陋的)、dirty(脏的)、small(小的)与文意不符,故选B。
10. 我们是自然的一部分,需要保护它,protect意为“保护”,harm(伤害)、ignore(忽视)、use(使用)不符合主旨,故选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.C
【知识点】
完形填空解题技巧、词汇辨析、语境理解
【点评】
本题为环保主题的完形填空,围绕自然世界的构成及保护展开,重点考查学生对词汇的词义辨析和上下文语境的理解,难度适中,贴近生活实际,兼具知识考查与环保意识培养的作用。
【难度系数】
0.5