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阅读理解 《优秀是教出来的：创造教育奇迹的55个细节》
素养:文化意识 难度:难 用时:8分钟
天星原创 Ron Clark is the writer of The Essential 55, a book about teaching students the rules for life. He was named Disney's American Teacher of the Year for 2000. He helped many disadvantaged students. Clark's story started at a primary school in North Carolina, the US. When he walked into his fifth-grade class, he met lots of problems. The children had
Some rules from The Essential 55
Rule 1: Make eye contact（交流）.
Rule 2: Do your homework every night.
Rule 3: If someone asks you a question, you should ask a question in return.
Rule 4: Learn the names of other teachers in the school and greet them.
Rule 5: Do not save seats（占座） in the lunchroom.
Rule 6: Always say thank you when you receive something.
Rule 7: Never cut in line（插队）.
Clark doesn’t think it’s so hard to teach his students these rules. “I explain each rule, and then we role-play so that the students know how it works. The first week is just for practice. I will remind them of the rules they break. After this week, each time they break a rule, they need to go over it.” Clark hopes when his students leave his classroom, they can have skills that will help them for the rest of their lives.
1. According to the first paragraph, what do you think of Ron Clark?
A. He is kind.
B. He is curious.
C. He is lucky.
D. He is funny.
2. 新考法·信息还原题 The best word(s) that can be filled in the blank is/are “▲”.
A. some B. much C. little D. a little
3. Why did Ron Clark write down the 55 rules?
A. To write a book.
B. To finish a task.
C. To help other teachers.
D. To change the students.
4. 新考法·创新性设问 Here is an example, and it is talking about .
A person asks, “How are you?” It’s not good to just say, “Fine.” You should say, “I’m doing fine, thank you. How about you?”
A. Rule 1 B. Rule 3 C. Rule 4 D. Rule 7
5. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. When Clark made the 55 rules for students.
B. What the book The Essential 55 tells about.
C. How Clark teaches his students the 55 rules.
D. Why Clark thinks skills are important to students.
【语篇解构】阅读文章,补充下面的结构图(每空一词)
素养:文化意识 难度:难 用时:8分钟
天星原创 Ron Clark is the writer of The Essential 55, a book about teaching students the rules for life. He was named Disney's American Teacher of the Year for 2000. He helped many disadvantaged students. Clark's story started at a primary school in North Carolina, the US. When he walked into his fifth-grade class, he met lots of problems. The children had
little
▲ interest in learning and they often played or slept in class. To make a change, Clark wrote down 55 rules for them. Soon the students made progress in both study and life. They learned to respect others and to be the best of themselves.Some rules from The Essential 55
Rule 1: Make eye contact（交流）.
Rule 2: Do your homework every night.
Rule 3: If someone asks you a question, you should ask a question in return.
Rule 4: Learn the names of other teachers in the school and greet them.
Rule 5: Do not save seats（占座） in the lunchroom.
Rule 6: Always say thank you when you receive something.
Rule 7: Never cut in line（插队）.
Clark doesn’t think it’s so hard to teach his students these rules. “I explain each rule, and then we role-play so that the students know how it works. The first week is just for practice. I will remind them of the rules they break. After this week, each time they break a rule, they need to go over it.” Clark hopes when his students leave his classroom, they can have skills that will help them for the rest of their lives.
1. According to the first paragraph, what do you think of Ron Clark?
A. He is kind.
B. He is curious.
C. He is lucky.
D. He is funny.
2. 新考法·信息还原题 The best word(s) that can be filled in the blank is/are “▲”.
A. some B. much C. little D. a little
3. Why did Ron Clark write down the 55 rules?
A. To write a book.
B. To finish a task.
C. To help other teachers.
D. To change the students.
4. 新考法·创新性设问 Here is an example, and it is talking about .
A person asks, “How are you?” It’s not good to just say, “Fine.” You should say, “I’m doing fine, thank you. How about you?”
A. Rule 1 B. Rule 3 C. Rule 4 D. Rule 7
5. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. When Clark made the 55 rules for students.
B. What the book The Essential 55 tells about.
C. How Clark teaches his students the 55 rules.
D. Why Clark thinks skills are important to students.
【语篇解构】阅读文章,补充下面的结构图(每空一词)
答案
语篇研读
主题和内容 本文介绍了美国教师Ron Clark及其著作《优秀是教出来的：创造教育奇迹的55个细节》，讲述其借助规则引导学生改进习惯、尊重他人、实现自我成长的教育智慧。
意义和价值 文章引导学生理解规则的意义，培养尊重他人、自律守礼的品格，提升跨文化意识与规则素养。
方式和方法 语篇类型：本文为教育文化类说明文，以人物事迹(Ron Clark的教育实践)为载体，核心是介绍其著作的内容、教学方法与育人价值，属于中考高频的教育主题说明性文本，语体平实客观，兼具知识性与启发性。
方式和方法 篇章结构：文章采用“背景引入—规则阐释—实践总结”的事理说明文经典逻辑，层次清晰。第一部分(首段)介绍Ron的身份与教学背景，说明制定班规的初衷与学生成长成效；第二部分(中间板块)列举部分班规；第三部分(末段)阐述Ron教授班规的方法与育人目标。亮点表达：语篇以分点列举的形式呈现部分班规，条理清晰、直观易懂；穿插直接引语增强内容的真实性与感染力；以一般过去时陈述人物经历与班规制定背景，一般现在时说明班规内容与教育理念，帮助学生清晰区分事实与观点，掌握教育类说明文的阅读逻辑。
1. A 推理判断题。第一段中提到Ron Clark帮助弱势学生，让他们的学习和生活发生了很大的改变，由此我们可推断他是一个善良的人。
解题通法
判断逻辑，作推理
推理判断题是阅读理解中的一种常考题型，这类题的命题内容十分灵活，可以是文章的隐含意义，也可以是作者的态度或人物的性格特点等。做这类题时，学生通常无法直接从文章中得到答案，这就要求学生结合文章的表面信息(如本题所依据的Ron Clark的具体行为)，作出符合逻辑的推理。
2. C 信息还原题。根据空处所在句中的“they often played or slept in class”可知，他们对学习没什么兴趣。little含有否定意义，表示数量很少或几乎没有。故选C。
3. D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The children had ▲ interest in learning and they often played or slept in class. To make a change, Clark wrote down 55 rules for them”可知，Ron Clark写下55条规则是为了改变这些学生。
4. B 推理判断题。根据给出的例子可知，这里讨论的是关于日常交流的一条规则。当他人向你表达问候，只给出简单的回答会显得不真诚，回问对方一句会更显尊重，互动性也更强，规则3符合该情境，故B为正确选项。
5. C 段落大意题。文章最后一段主要介绍了Clark是如何在班级普及和巩固这55条规则的，故C为正确选项。
1. writer2. Grade Five/53. ways4. practise the rules5. go over
主题和内容 本文介绍了美国教师Ron Clark及其著作《优秀是教出来的：创造教育奇迹的55个细节》，讲述其借助规则引导学生改进习惯、尊重他人、实现自我成长的教育智慧。
意义和价值 文章引导学生理解规则的意义，培养尊重他人、自律守礼的品格，提升跨文化意识与规则素养。
方式和方法 语篇类型：本文为教育文化类说明文，以人物事迹(Ron Clark的教育实践)为载体，核心是介绍其著作的内容、教学方法与育人价值，属于中考高频的教育主题说明性文本，语体平实客观，兼具知识性与启发性。
方式和方法 篇章结构：文章采用“背景引入—规则阐释—实践总结”的事理说明文经典逻辑，层次清晰。第一部分(首段)介绍Ron的身份与教学背景，说明制定班规的初衷与学生成长成效；第二部分(中间板块)列举部分班规；第三部分(末段)阐述Ron教授班规的方法与育人目标。亮点表达：语篇以分点列举的形式呈现部分班规，条理清晰、直观易懂；穿插直接引语增强内容的真实性与感染力；以一般过去时陈述人物经历与班规制定背景，一般现在时说明班规内容与教育理念，帮助学生清晰区分事实与观点，掌握教育类说明文的阅读逻辑。
1. A 推理判断题。第一段中提到Ron Clark帮助弱势学生，让他们的学习和生活发生了很大的改变，由此我们可推断他是一个善良的人。
解题通法
判断逻辑，作推理
推理判断题是阅读理解中的一种常考题型，这类题的命题内容十分灵活，可以是文章的隐含意义，也可以是作者的态度或人物的性格特点等。做这类题时，学生通常无法直接从文章中得到答案，这就要求学生结合文章的表面信息(如本题所依据的Ron Clark的具体行为)，作出符合逻辑的推理。
2. C 信息还原题。根据空处所在句中的“they often played or slept in class”可知，他们对学习没什么兴趣。little含有否定意义，表示数量很少或几乎没有。故选C。
3. D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The children had ▲ interest in learning and they often played or slept in class. To make a change, Clark wrote down 55 rules for them”可知，Ron Clark写下55条规则是为了改变这些学生。
4. B 推理判断题。根据给出的例子可知，这里讨论的是关于日常交流的一条规则。当他人向你表达问候，只给出简单的回答会显得不真诚，回问对方一句会更显尊重，互动性也更强，规则3符合该情境，故B为正确选项。
5. C 段落大意题。文章最后一段主要介绍了Clark是如何在班级普及和巩固这55条规则的，故C为正确选项。
1. writer2. Grade Five/53. ways4. practise the rules5. go over
解析
【分析】
本题为教育文化类英语阅读理解题，包含5道选择题和1道语篇结构填空题。解题思路：1. 先通读全文，把握核心内容：介绍美国教师Ron Clark的教育事迹及《The Essential 55》的育人作用；2. 逐题突破：第1题通过人物行为推断性格（推理判断），第2题结合上下文语境选合适词汇（信息还原），第3题定位原文找制定规则的原因（细节理解），第4题匹配例子与对应规则（推理判断），第5题概括段落核心（段落大意），语篇结构题梳理文章各部分关键信息填空。
【解析】
1. 推理判断题：第一段提到Ron Clark帮助弱势学生，且学生在学习和生活上取得进步，由此可推断他是善良的人，故选A。
2. 信息还原题：后文提到学生“often played or slept in class”，说明他们对学习几乎没兴趣，little表否定含义，符合语境，故选C。
3. 细节理解题：根据第一段“To make a change, Clark wrote down 55 rules for them”可知，他写55条规则是为了改变学生，故选D。
4. 推理判断题：例子中别人问候时，不能只简单回答，要回问对方，对应Rule3“ If someone asks you a question, you should ask a question in return”，故选B。
5. 段落大意题：最后一段主要讲述Clark教授学生55条规则的方法，故选C。
语篇结构填空：1. 由首段“Ron Clark is the writer of The Essential 55”可知填writer；2. 由首段“his fifth-grade class”可知填Grade Five/5；3. 最后一段阐述Clark教规则的方式，填ways；4. 原文提到“we role-play so that the students know how it works”，即练习规则，填practise the rules；5. 原文提到“each time they break a rule, they need to go over it”，填go over。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.C；语篇结构填空：1. writer 2. Grade Five/5 3. ways 4. practise the rules 5. go over
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、推理判断、细节理解
【点评】
本题围绕教育主题，涵盖多种英语阅读题型，既考查学生提取信息、推理判断的能力，又要求梳理文章结构，符合中考英语阅读的考查方向，能引导学生理解规则的意义，培养良好品格。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题为教育文化类英语阅读理解题，包含5道选择题和1道语篇结构填空题。解题思路：1. 先通读全文，把握核心内容：介绍美国教师Ron Clark的教育事迹及《The Essential 55》的育人作用；2. 逐题突破：第1题通过人物行为推断性格（推理判断），第2题结合上下文语境选合适词汇（信息还原），第3题定位原文找制定规则的原因（细节理解），第4题匹配例子与对应规则（推理判断），第5题概括段落核心（段落大意），语篇结构题梳理文章各部分关键信息填空。
【解析】
1. 推理判断题：第一段提到Ron Clark帮助弱势学生，且学生在学习和生活上取得进步，由此可推断他是善良的人，故选A。
2. 信息还原题：后文提到学生“often played or slept in class”，说明他们对学习几乎没兴趣，little表否定含义，符合语境，故选C。
3. 细节理解题：根据第一段“To make a change, Clark wrote down 55 rules for them”可知，他写55条规则是为了改变学生，故选D。
4. 推理判断题：例子中别人问候时，不能只简单回答，要回问对方，对应Rule3“ If someone asks you a question, you should ask a question in return”，故选B。
5. 段落大意题：最后一段主要讲述Clark教授学生55条规则的方法，故选C。
语篇结构填空：1. 由首段“Ron Clark is the writer of The Essential 55”可知填writer；2. 由首段“his fifth-grade class”可知填Grade Five/5；3. 最后一段阐述Clark教规则的方式，填ways；4. 原文提到“we role-play so that the students know how it works”，即练习规则，填practise the rules；5. 原文提到“each time they break a rule, they need to go over it”，填go over。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.C；语篇结构填空：1. writer 2. Grade Five/5 3. ways 4. practise the rules 5. go over
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、推理判断、细节理解
【点评】
本题围绕教育主题，涵盖多种英语阅读题型，既考查学生提取信息、推理判断的能力，又要求梳理文章结构，符合中考英语阅读的考查方向，能引导学生理解规则的意义，培养良好品格。
【难度系数】
0.5
