Ⅰ. Match the words with the explanations.
()1. plastic n. A. to make something new
()2. invention n. B. to make or grow something
()3. create v. C. a large number of something
()4. produce v. D. a new thing that has been made or created
()5. hundreds of E. a light material to make things like bottles

1. E 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C

【分析】
本题为英语词汇与释义匹配题，解题思路是先明确每个单词的词性和含义，再逐一对应右侧的释义，找到匹配项即可完成作答。
【解析】
1. plastic（名词，塑料）对应释义E（制作瓶子等物品的轻质材料），故1选E；
2. invention（名词，发明）对应释义D（被制作或创造出的新事物），故2选D；
3. create（动词，创造）对应释义A（制作新事物），故3选A；
4. produce（动词，生产）对应释义B（制作或种植某物），故4选B；
5. hundreds of（短语，成百上千）对应释义C（大量的某物），故5选C。
【答案】
1. E 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C
【知识点】
英语词义匹配、词汇释义
【点评】
本题考查基础英语词汇的词义理解，题型简单，侧重词汇基础的掌握，适合巩固日常词汇知识。
【难度系数】
0.8

Ⅱ. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in Exercise Ⅰ.
Then match them with the inventions.
Here are some self-introductions of five inventions from a website.
Small Inventions that Changed the World
A Toothbrush B Ballpoint Pen D Stapler E Zipper
()1. I with the ability to spread news and music.
()2. We in large numbers every year and are used on clothes, bags, and shoes.
()3. I was invented to keep your teeth clean. Most of us are made of and nylon.
()4. As students’ best partners, us are used to help them write smoothly at school.
()5. I’m a simple but useful that helps to fasten papers together.

1. C, was created / invented 2. E, are produced 3. A, plastic 4. B, hundreds of 5. D, invention / creation

【分析】
首先需根据每个句子的描述匹配对应发明，再结合句子的语法规则（如被动语态、词性、数词短语搭配）填写正确词形，步骤为：先分析句子语境确定对应发明，再根据主语单复数、时态等调整单词形式，最后完成填空并匹配。
【解析】
1. 句子描述“具备传播新闻和音乐的能力”，对应发明是收音机（C），此处需用被动语态，主语为I，故填was created；
2. 句子描述“用于衣服、包、鞋子，每年大量生产”，对应发明是拉链（E），主语为we，被动语态用are produced；
3. 句子描述“用来清洁牙齿，材料含塑料和尼龙”，对应发明是牙刷（A），此处填名词plastic；
4. 句子描述“学生用来写字的好伙伴”，对应发明是圆珠笔（B），表示“成百上千的”用短语hundreds of；
5. 句子描述“用来订纸张的简单有用物品”，对应发明是订书机（D），此处填名词invention。
【答案】
1. C, was created 2. E, are produced 3. A, plastic 4. B, hundreds of 5. D, invention
【知识点】
名词词义辨析、被动语态、数词短语
【点评】
本题结合常见发明的英文表达，考查词汇的正确形式运用，需结合语境匹配发明并注意语法规则，属于基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5

Ⅲ. Read and complete the tasks.
Paul: Hey Roy, the subject for my school project is “Small inventions that changed the world”. Can you help me think of an invention?
Roy: With pleasure! Let me think ... hmm ... I know! The zipper!
Paul: The zipper? Is it really such a great invention?
Roy: Think about how often it’s used in our daily lives. You can see zippers almost everywhere!
Paul: Well, you do seem to have the point ...
Roy: Of course! I thought about it because I saw a website last week. The pioneers of different inventions were listed there. For example, it mentioned that the zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893. But at that time, it wasn’t used widely, as it often got stuck or broke easily.
Paul: Really? So when did it become popular?
Roy: Around 1917. A Swedish-American engineer named Gideon Sundback improved the design. After that, it worked smoothly.
Paul: So that made all the difference.
Roy: Exactly! You see, getting dressed became faster and easier. And from backpacks to spacesuits, none of them work well without a good zipper.
Paul: Yeah. That’s true. Hey, so how do you think these inventors come up with their ideas? Take Whitcomb Judson. Everyone saw buttons and laces took too long. Why did he think of the zipper?
Roy: I guess they see what others see, and ▲. That’s how their creativity sparks.

A.Complete the table.

B.Answer the question.
What kind of invention can be called “a great invention” in Roy’s eyes?

C.Fill in the blank “ ▲” according to the context.

A. 1. the zipper 2. Whitcomb Judson 3. 1893 4. Problem 5. stuck 6. broke 7. 1917 8. Gideon Sundback
9. Getting dressed became faster and easier. From backpacks to spacesuits, none of them work well without a good zipper.
B. One possible version: The invention that is widely used in daily life and makes our life much easier.
C. One possible version: think about what no one else has ever thought about

【分析】
本题是根据对话内容完成表格的阅读任务，解题思路为：先通读对话，明确每个表格项对应的核心信息，再逐一在对话中定位匹配内容。例如，先找到对话中提到的发明名称，再对应发明者、年份、问题、解决方案及意义等细节，确保每个空的答案都来自原文。
【解析】
1. 对话中Roy明确提到发明是“The zipper”，故填the zipper；
2. 对话提及“the zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson”，故填Whitcomb Judson；
3. 对应原文“in 1893”，故填1893；
4. 该栏描述发明的缺陷，表头应为Problem（问题），故填Problem；
5. 原文提到“it often got stuck”，故填stuck；
6. 原文“or broke easily”，故填broke；
7. 对应原文“Around 1917”，故填1917；
8. 原文“Gideon Sundback improved the design”，故填Gideon Sundback；
9. 原文“Getting dressed became faster and easier. And from backpacks to spacesuits, none of them work well without a good zipper”，故填该内容。
【答案】
1. the zipper；2. Whitcomb Judson；3. 1893；4. Problem；5. stuck；6. broke；7. 1917；8. Gideon Sundback；9. Getting dressed became faster and easier. From backpacks to spacesuits, none of them work well without a good zipper.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，信息提取，对话理解
【点评】
本题以“改变世界的小发明”为话题，通过对话形式考查学生从语篇中提取关键细节的能力，题目设置贴合原文，难度适中，注重基础阅读技能的考查。
【难度系数】
0.6