四、信息还原
阅读短文，从方框中选出能填入空格处的最佳选项，有一个多余选项。
Summer, autumn and winter may have their fans, but spring is clearly the most lovable of the four seasons. Here are some reasons why spring is great.
1 In many places, the temperature in this season is about 15 to 21℃. People seem the most comfortable at temperatures of around 22℃. So, spring means people can finally take off their heavy winter clothes and still be comfortable.
Following the Spring Equinox (春分), days begin lasting longer and nights get shorter.
2 Studies have shown that those longer hours of sun can be an important mood-booster (情绪提升物). The longer the sun is up during the day, the less blue people feel.
Also, many animals move south during the winter. ______ 3 ______ For northern areas, the birdsong outside the window is better than anything. From the beginning to the end of the spring, people can enjoy seeing lots of birds. ______ 4 ______ A UK study has found that the more birds people see in their neighbourhoods, the better their mental health will be.
Warmer temperatures mean people can spend more time outdoors, which is great for health. Spending 30 minutes or more outside in warm, sunny spring weather will put people in a cheerful mood. 5
A. It can also help people have better memory.
B. Spring marks the end of a cold winter.
C. Then they move back north as temperatures rise.
D. Spring brings green growth back to all the plants.
E. And seeing more birds can make people happier.
F. That means people have more light hours to get things done.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

1.B 2.F 3.C 4.E 5.A

【分析】
本题为英语信息还原题，解题思路如下：1. 通读全文，明确文章主旨是介绍春天的好处；2. 逐个分析每个空格前后句的关键词、逻辑关系（如因果、顺承、指代）；3. 结合方框选项，匹配最符合上下文语境的内容，排除多余选项。
【解析】
1. 空格后提到春天温度适宜，人们可脱下厚冬衣，说明春天结束了寒冷的冬天，对应选项B。
2. 空格前说春分后昼变长，空格后讲更长的日照提升情绪，说明空格处应对应“昼长意味着更多光照时间”，对应选项F。
3. 空格前提到动物冬天南迁，空格后说北方能听到鸟鸣，说明春天温度回升动物北迁，对应选项C。
4. 空格前说春天能看到很多鸟，空格后讲看到鸟多对心理健康好，说明空格处对应“看更多鸟让人更开心”，对应选项E。
5. 前文讲户外时间对心情的好处，剩余选项A提到还能提升记忆力，符合逻辑，对应选项A。
【答案】
1.B 2.F 3.C 4.E 5.A
【知识点】
英语信息还原、语篇逻辑理解
【点评】
本题考查学生对语篇上下文逻辑、关键词匹配的能力，是初中英语常见题型，需结合语境分析选项。
【难度系数】
0.6

根据句意、中文释义、首字母和音标提示，写出句中所缺单词。
1. It’s getting colder and it will be 4 (度) below zero tomorrow.
2. The weather report says there will be (雾) tomorrow morning.
3. It’s very dangerous to (扔) the burning fireworks at people.
4. There was a (突然的) knock at the door. It made Alice jump up.
5. The weather was really (糟糕的) yesterday.
6. The light and h of the sun are important to plants.
7. It’s so hard for us to walk in the d snow!
8. The ice is t and strong enough to skate on.
9. A sudden (/ˈʃaʊər/) cooled down the hot afternoon.
10. Lucy took some (/ˈfrəʊzn/) meat out of the fridge to cook dinner.

1. degrees 2. fog 3. throw 4. sudden 5. awful
6. heat 7. deep 8. thick 9. shower 10. frozen

【分析】本题要求根据句子语境、中文释义、首字母或音标提示填写正确的英语单词，需先理解每句句意，再结合提示匹配对应词汇，同时注意词汇的正确形式（如名词单复数、动词原形等）。
【解析】1. 中文提示“度”，前有数字4，需用可数名词复数，故填degrees；2. 中文提示“雾”，there be句型后接名词，故填fog；3. 中文提示“扔”，不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填throw；4. 中文提示“突然的”，修饰名词knock需用形容词，故填sudden；5. 中文提示“糟糕的”，作表语用形容词，故填awful；6. 首字母h，与light并列，结合句意“太阳的光和热”，故填heat；7. 首字母d，形容雪的状态，“深的”，故填deep；8. 首字母t，形容冰的厚度，“厚的”，故填thick；9. 音标/ˈʃaʊər/对应单词shower；10. 音标/ˈfrəʊzn/对应单词frozen。
【答案】1. degrees 2. fog 3. throw 4. sudden 5. awful 6. heat 7. deep 8. thick 9. shower 10. frozen
【知识点】英语词汇拼写、语境词汇运用、音标对应单词
【点评】本题考查基础英语词汇的运用，结合多种提示填写单词，难度不大，学生只要掌握常见词汇即可正确作答。
【难度系数】0.7

六、短文填空
阅读短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号中单词的正确形式。
Autumn is the season which follows summer. In the north, the weather is starting to get (1) (cool) and nature is preparing for winter to come.
The leaves on the trees start (2) (change) colour. Their colours change from green to different warm colours, such as orange, yellow (3) brown. Then these leaves fall to the ground, leaving (4) trees bare (光秃秃的). Many people like to travel during autumn to enjoy the beauty of the (5) (leaf). It’s also an excellent time for families to go hiking and (6) (camp).
Autumn is the time when many animals begin to gather (收集) food for the winter. Squirrels and other animals busily gather nuts, so that they can eat them (7) ______ winter, a time when food becomes scarce (缺乏的).
Autumn is traditionally a harvest time. It is the time when farmers harvest their crops and prepare them for the market or storage (贮存) for the winter. Pumpkins (南瓜) are (8) (health) vegetables which are harvested in autumn. They are used to make pumpkin soup and pumpkin pie. Farmers often use pumpkins (9) (make) the heads of scarecrows (稻草人). Scarecrows help to scare away the birds so they can’t eat the (10) (farmer) crops.

1. cooler/cool 2. to change/changing 3. and/or 4. the 5. leaves
6. camping 7. in/during 8. healthy 9. to make 10. farmers'

【分析】
本题为短文填空题，需结合语境、语法规则及固定搭配完成填空。解题思路：先通读短文把握大意，再逐个分析空格：1. 描述秋天天气变化，用形容词的适当形式；2. 考查动词start的用法；3. 列举颜色，需选合适连词；4. 特指前文提到的树，用冠词；5. 表示树叶的复数概念，用名词复数；6. 与hiking并列，需用动名词；7. 表示时间，选合适介词；8. 修饰名词vegetables，用形容词；9. 考查固定搭配use sth to do；10. 表示所属关系，用名词所有格。
【解析】
1. 此处表示秋天天气变得更凉，可用形容词比较级cooler，也可填原级cool，故答案为cooler/cool；
2. 固定搭配start to do/doing sth，意为“开始做某事”，故答案为to change/changing；
3. 此处列举不同的暖色调，用连词and（表并列）或or（表选择）均可，故答案为and/or；
4. 特指前文提到的树上的叶子，需用定冠词the，故答案为the；
5. 此处指各类树叶，leaf的复数形式为leaves，故答案为leaves；
6. 与go hiking并列，go doing sth为固定结构，故用camp的动名词形式camping，答案为camping；
7. 表示“在冬天”，可用介词in或during，故答案为in/during；
8. 此处修饰名词vegetables，需用health的形容词形式healthy，答案为healthy；
9. 固定搭配use sth to do sth，意为“用某物做某事”，故填to make，答案为to make；
10. 表示“农民的庄稼”，需用名词所有格，farm的复数形式是farmers，所有格为farmers'，答案为farmers'。
【答案】
1. cooler/cool 2. to change/changing 3. and/or 4. the 5. leaves 6. camping 7. in/during 8. healthy 9. to make 10. farmers'
【知识点】
形容词用法、非谓语动词、名词所有格
【点评】
本题考查学生对基础词汇、语法知识在语境中的综合运用能力，涉及形容词形式、非谓语动词、固定搭配等核心知识点，需结合上下文语境分析，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6