三、选词填空
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空(每词限用一次)。
curious, exchange, help, admire, support
1. The two schools often have several edu-
cational every year.
2. Everyone the girl for her cour-
age when she saved the little boy.
3. His about ancient civilizations
led him to become an archaeologist.
4. Children should go to school instead of
working their families.
5. It's nice of you the old man get
on the bus and find a seat for him.

1. exchanges 2. admired 3. curiosity
4. to support 5. to help

【分析】
做选词填空类题目时，首先明确方框内单词的词性与词义：curious（形容词，好奇的）、exchange（动词/名词，交换）、help（动词/名词，帮助）、admire（动词，钦佩）、support（动词/名词，支持）；再逐句分析句子结构，判断空格处所需的词性、时态、非谓语形式等，结合语境选择对应单词并变形，同时注意每词限用一次的要求。
【解析】
1. 空格前是形容词educational，需接名词；several（几个）修饰可数名词复数，exchange作名词意为“交流”，复数形式为exchanges，故填exchanges。
2. 句中when引导的时间状语从句用了一般过去时（saved），主句时态需一致，admire的过去式为admired，故填admired。
3. 空格前是形容词性物主代词His，需接名词；curious的名词形式是curiosity（好奇心），符合语境，故填curiosity。
4. 此处用不定式作目的状语，表“为了养家”，support意为“维持（家庭）”，故填to support。
5. 固定句型It's + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.，help意为“帮助”，符合句型要求，故填to help。
【答案】
1. exchanges 2. admired 3. curiosity 4. to support 5. to help
【知识点】
词汇适当形式填空；动词时态；非谓语动词（不定式）
【点评】
本题为初中英语常见的选词填空题，重点考查单词的词性转换、时态变化及固定搭配，需结合句子结构和语境分析，难度适中，学生易掌握解题方法。
【难度系数】
0.6

四、语法填空
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Huang Xuhua, chief designer of China's first-generation nuclear submarines（核潜艇）, passed away in Wuhan, Hubei 1 February 6th, 2025 at the age of 99. But his great work and strong spirit will always live on.
During his life, he has made great contributions to China's nuclear submarine development and is 2 (good) worth our respect.
Born in Guangdong in 1926, Huang studied shipbuilding at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. He joined the CPC in 1949 and began his lifelong career as 3 shipbuilding engineer.
In 1958, he 4 (choose) to build China's first nuclear submarine. At that time, China had no modern technology 5 useful learning materials. Huang and his team collected information from newspapers and studied foreign submarine models by 6 (they). They used abacuses(算盘) instead of computers and checked their results many times to make sure they were correct.
After many years of hard work, China's first nuclear submarine was completed in 1970. But Huang didn't stop. Even in his nineties, he went to work and helped young 7 (research). In 2019, he 8 (give) the Medal of the Republic—the 9 (high) honor(荣誉) in China.
From Huang Xuhua, we can learn to love our country, be brave and keep 10 (work) hard all our lives.
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
7. 8. 9.
10.

1. on 2. well 3. a 4. was chosen 5. or
6. themselves 7. researchers 8. was given
9. highest 10. working

【分析】
本题是围绕黄旭华院士事迹的语法填空题，需结合语境、语法规则（介词、冠词、时态语态等）及固定搭配逐个推导答案。解题思路：先通读短文理解主旨，再针对每个空分析句子结构、所需词性/语法形式，结合知识点确定答案，最后验证是否符合语境。
【解析】
1. 具体日期前需用介词on，故填on。
2. 固定搭配be well worth意为“非常值得”，修饰worth用副词well，故填well。
3. 泛指“一名造船工程师”，且shipbuilding以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，故填a。
4. 主语he与choose是被动关系，时间为1958年（过去），用一般过去时被动语态was chosen，故填was chosen。
5. 否定句中连接并列成分需用or，故填or。
6. 固定搭配by oneself表示“靠自己”，主语对应反身代词themselves，故填themselves。
7. 此处指“年轻的研究者”，需用名词research的复数形式researchers，故填researchers。
8. 主语he与give是被动关系，时间为2019年（过去），用一般过去时被动语态was given，故填was given。
9. 表示“中国最高的荣誉”，用形容词high的最高级highest，故填highest。
10. 固定搭配keep doing sth.意为“一直做某事”，故填work的动名词形式working。
【答案】
1. on 2. well 3. a 4. was chosen 5. or 6. themselves 7. researchers 8. was given 9. highest 10. working
【知识点】
介词用法、被动语态、固定搭配
【点评】
本题以黄旭华院士事迹为载体，考查初中核心语法知识，语境贴近学生，难度适中，能有效检验学生的语法运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6

1. These special banks protect all kinds of plant seeds, including the ones we need for food, and they make sure that important plants do not disappear from the world forever. 这些特殊的种子库保护着各种各样的植物种子,包括我们的食物所需的
种子,并且它们确保重要的植物不会从世界上永远消失。
【感知】This class offers fun lessons, in-cluding body-weight exercises. 这个课程提供有趣的课,包括体重训练。
This term's labour course includes clean-ing, cooking, planting, etc. 本学期的劳动课程包括清洁、烹饪、种植等。
【思考】
辨析:including 与 include
(1) including 是(词性),意为“包括;包含”,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
(2) include 是(词性),意为“包括;把……列为……的一部分”,在句中作谓语,不用于进行时。
【运用】
(1) The box has many kinds of stationery, (include) pens, pencils and rulers.
(2) The trip to the park (in-clude) a visit to the lake and a picnic.

1. 思考:(1) 介词 (2) 及物动词
运用:(1) including (2) includes

【分析】首先明确including和include的词性差异：including为介词，用于引出包含的内容，在句中不充当谓语；include为及物动词，在句中作谓语，需根据主语单复数变化形式。解题时先判断空格处的词性/功能需求，再结合语境选择正确形式。
【解析】思考部分：(1) including在句中不做谓语，用于补充说明包含的内容，是介词；(2) include在句中作谓语且带宾语，是及物动词。运用部分：(1) 空格前有逗号，需用介词引出包含的内容，故填including；(2) 主语the trip是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填includes。
【答案】思考:(1) 介词 (2) 及物动词；运用:(1) including (2) includes
【知识点】介词用法；动词辨析；动词第三人称单数
【点评】本题考查易混词汇including与include的词性及用法，属于英语基础词汇考点，需掌握两者在句中的不同功能，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.3