1[中]有四个互不相等的整数$a,b,c,d$,且$abcd=9$,那么$a+b+c+d$等于(
A.0
B.8
C.4
D.不能确定
A
)A.0
B.8
C.4
D.不能确定
答案
1.A 【解析】由题意得,这四个整数均小于9,且互不相等,再由乘积为9可得,这四个整数中必有3和-3,则这两个整数的乘积为-9,所以剩下的两个整数的乘积必定为-1,所以四个整数为1,-1,3,-3,则$a+b+c+d=1+(-1)+3+(-3)=0$,故选A.
2[中]若$(-2023)×100$的值记为$p$,则$(-2023)×99$的值可表示为(
A.$p+1$
B.$p-1$
C.$p+2023$
D.$p-2023$
C
)A.$p+1$
B.$p-1$
C.$p+2023$
D.$p-2023$
答案
2.C 【解析】因为$(-2023)×100$的值记为p,所以$(-2023)×99=(-2023)×(100-1)=(-2023)×100+(-2023)×(-1)=(-2023)×100+2023=p+2023$. 故选C.
3 [2026 山东菏泽期中,中] 观察下列各式:$\frac{1}{2}×\frac{2}{3}=\frac{1}{3}$,$\frac{1}{2}×\frac{2}{3}×\frac{3}{4}=\frac{1}{4}$,$\frac{1}{2}×\frac{2}{3}×\frac{3}{4}×\frac{4}{5}=\frac{1}{5}$,…。
(1)猜想:$(-\frac{1}{2})×(-\frac{2}{3})×(-\frac{3}{4})×…×(-\frac{9}{10})=$
(2)根据上面的规律计算:$(\frac{1}{100}-1)×(\frac{1}{99}-1)×(\frac{1}{98}-1)×…×(\frac{1}{2}-1)=$
(1)猜想:$(-\frac{1}{2})×(-\frac{2}{3})×(-\frac{3}{4})×…×(-\frac{9}{10})=$
$-\dfrac{1}{10}$
;(2)根据上面的规律计算:$(\frac{1}{100}-1)×(\frac{1}{99}-1)×(\frac{1}{98}-1)×…×(\frac{1}{2}-1)=$
$-\dfrac{1}{100}$
。答案
3. (1)$-\dfrac{1}{10}$ (2)$-\dfrac{1}{100}$ 【解析】(1)$(-\dfrac{1}{2}) × (-\dfrac{2}{3}) × (-\dfrac{3}{4}) × \dots × (-\dfrac{9}{10}) = -\dfrac{1}{2} × \dfrac{2}{3} × \dfrac{3}{4} × \dots × \dfrac{9}{10} = -\dfrac{1}{10}$,故答案为$-\dfrac{1}{10}$.
(2)$(\dfrac{1}{100}-1) × (\dfrac{1}{99}-1) × (\dfrac{1}{98}-1) × \dots × (\dfrac{1}{2}-1) = (-\dfrac{99}{100}) × (-\dfrac{98}{99}) × (-\dfrac{97}{98}) × \dots × (-\dfrac{1}{2}) = -\dfrac{99}{100} × \dfrac{98}{99} × \dfrac{97}{98} × \dots × \dfrac{1}{2} = -\dfrac{1}{100}.$
(2)$(\dfrac{1}{100}-1) × (\dfrac{1}{99}-1) × (\dfrac{1}{98}-1) × \dots × (\dfrac{1}{2}-1) = (-\dfrac{99}{100}) × (-\dfrac{98}{99}) × (-\dfrac{97}{98}) × \dots × (-\dfrac{1}{2}) = -\dfrac{99}{100} × \dfrac{98}{99} × \dfrac{97}{98} × \dots × \dfrac{1}{2} = -\dfrac{1}{100}.$
4[2026福建福州期中,中]在学习了有理数的乘法之后,张老师出了两道例题,下面是小明的计算过程,请认真阅读并完成相应任务.
利用运算律有时能进行简便计算.
例1:98×12=(100-2)×12=1 200-24=1 176;
例2:-16×233+17×233=(-16+17)×233=233.
请你参照上述例1、例2,用运算律简便计算下列式子:
(1)$99\frac{8}{9}×(-9)$;
(2)$999×118\frac{4}{5}+999×(-\frac{1}{5})-999×118\frac{3}{5}$.
刷素养 ▶……走向重高
利用运算律有时能进行简便计算.
例1:98×12=(100-2)×12=1 200-24=1 176;
例2:-16×233+17×233=(-16+17)×233=233.
请你参照上述例1、例2,用运算律简便计算下列式子:
(1)$99\frac{8}{9}×(-9)$;
(2)$999×118\frac{4}{5}+999×(-\frac{1}{5})-999×118\frac{3}{5}$.
刷素养 ▶……走向重高
答案
4.【解】(1)$99\dfrac{8}{9}×(-9) = (100-\dfrac{1}{9}) × (-9) = -100×9+\dfrac{1}{9}×9=-900+1=-899.$
(2)$999×118\dfrac{4}{5}+999×(-\dfrac{1}{5})-999×118\dfrac{3}{5}=999× (118\dfrac{4}{5}-\dfrac{1}{5}-118\dfrac{3}{5}) =999×0=0.$
(2)$999×118\dfrac{4}{5}+999×(-\dfrac{1}{5})-999×118\dfrac{3}{5}=999× (118\dfrac{4}{5}-\dfrac{1}{5}-118\dfrac{3}{5}) =999×0=0.$
5 核心素养运算能力 [较难] 阅读理解:计算
$(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}) × (\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}) - (1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}) × (\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4})$时,若把$(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5})$与$(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4})$分别看作一个整体,再利用乘法对加法的分配律进行运算,可以简化运算步骤.
过程如下:
解:设$(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4})$为$A$,$(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5})$为$B$,
则原式$=(1+A)B-(1+B)A = B+AB - A - AB = B - A = \frac{1}{5}$.
请用上述方法计算:
(1) $(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}) × (\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{7}) - (1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{7}) × (\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6})$;
(2) $(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+···+\frac{1}{n})(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+···+\frac{1}{n+1}) - (1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+···+\frac{1}{n+1})(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+···+\frac{1}{n})$.
$(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}) × (\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}) - (1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}) × (\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4})$时,若把$(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5})$与$(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4})$分别看作一个整体,再利用乘法对加法的分配律进行运算,可以简化运算步骤.
过程如下:
解:设$(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4})$为$A$,$(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5})$为$B$,
则原式$=(1+A)B-(1+B)A = B+AB - A - AB = B - A = \frac{1}{5}$.
请用上述方法计算:
(1) $(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}) × (\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{7}) - (1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{7}) × (\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6})$;
(2) $(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+···+\frac{1}{n})(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+···+\frac{1}{n+1}) - (1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+···+\frac{1}{n+1})(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+···+\frac{1}{n})$.
答案
5.【解】(1) 设$(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{6})$为A,$(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{7})$为B,则原式$=(1+A)B-(1+B)A=B+AB-A-AB=B-A=\dfrac{1}{7}.$
(2)设$(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+…+\dfrac{1}{n})$为A,$(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+…+\dfrac{1}{n+1})$为B,则原式$=(1+A)B-(1+B)A=B+AB-A-AB=B-A=\dfrac{1}{n+1}.$
(2)设$(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+…+\dfrac{1}{n})$为A,$(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+…+\dfrac{1}{n+1})$为B,则原式$=(1+A)B-(1+B)A=B+AB-A-AB=B-A=\dfrac{1}{n+1}.$
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