登录
Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2分,共20分)
A
China's development in space technology is likely to modernize food preservation on the Earth, with spacecraft engineers changing and reusing a barrier film(隔离薄膜), originally designed for the orbital space station, to effectively keep the health and freshness of people's daily meals.
This flexible film can block gases and germs, providing exceptional protection for food. The China Academy of Space Technology presented a video showing lab researchers dividing a piece of tofu into two parts and placing each in different packages—one usual and one made of the new high-barrier film. After seven days, the tofu stored in the usual package had gone bad, while the tofu in the high-barrier material remained fresh.
The new high-barrier film draws inspiration from space coating technology. The original purpose of this coating technology was to protect the equipment of the space station from atomic oxygen. In low-orbital space, sunlight can break down oxygen molecules into atomic oxygen, which can erode(腐蚀) spacecraft materials. Therefore, engineers apply a barrier coating to prevent erosion.
It is also necessary to package food and medicine to prevent the entry of water and oxygen, as they can lead to the growth of tiny living things and result in spoilage(变质).
Since 2016, the Academy has suggested using space coating technology for the development of next-generation high-barrier films. After four years of exploration, the research team has achieved great progress and successfully built China's first high-barrier film production line and mass production line.
The high-barrier film has very strict requirements for water resistance. If a football field was covered with such a film, the amount of water that could pass through it each day would be the size of your finger.
The new high-barrier film is increasingly used for packaging expensive food. When the cost drops, it will be used in more conditions, serving as an option to food preservation in the future, reducing or even removing the need for additives in food. This would both ensure the quality of food and so that it can be kept longer.
1. 新考法 写作手法 How does the author prove the advantage of the new barrier film in Paragraph 2?
A. By listing numbers.
B. By presenting a theory.
C. By quoting reviews.
D. By showing an experiment.
2. What does the author try to tell us in Paragraph 3?
A. Who invented the barrier film.
B. Why the barrier coating was used in space.
C. Why we need to develop space technology.
D. When we can make good use of the barrier film.
3. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?
A. The high-barrier film is often used to cover a football field.
B. The high-barrier film can keep food fresh for at most seven days.
C. China began to make the high-barrier film in large amount in 2020.
D. You must cut tofu into two parts to keep it fresh in the barrier film.
4. Why isn't the high-barrier film widely used at present?
A. Its quality is not good enough.
B. The production cost is too high.
C. The raw material is hard to find.
D. The production time is too long.
5. In which section of a website can you find this text?
A. Medicine and Food.
B. Lifestyle and Film.
C. Travel and Relaxation.
D. Science and Technology.
A
China's development in space technology is likely to modernize food preservation on the Earth, with spacecraft engineers changing and reusing a barrier film(隔离薄膜), originally designed for the orbital space station, to effectively keep the health and freshness of people's daily meals.
This flexible film can block gases and germs, providing exceptional protection for food. The China Academy of Space Technology presented a video showing lab researchers dividing a piece of tofu into two parts and placing each in different packages—one usual and one made of the new high-barrier film. After seven days, the tofu stored in the usual package had gone bad, while the tofu in the high-barrier material remained fresh.
The new high-barrier film draws inspiration from space coating technology. The original purpose of this coating technology was to protect the equipment of the space station from atomic oxygen. In low-orbital space, sunlight can break down oxygen molecules into atomic oxygen, which can erode(腐蚀) spacecraft materials. Therefore, engineers apply a barrier coating to prevent erosion.
It is also necessary to package food and medicine to prevent the entry of water and oxygen, as they can lead to the growth of tiny living things and result in spoilage(变质).
Since 2016, the Academy has suggested using space coating technology for the development of next-generation high-barrier films. After four years of exploration, the research team has achieved great progress and successfully built China's first high-barrier film production line and mass production line.
The high-barrier film has very strict requirements for water resistance. If a football field was covered with such a film, the amount of water that could pass through it each day would be the size of your finger.
The new high-barrier film is increasingly used for packaging expensive food. When the cost drops, it will be used in more conditions, serving as an option to food preservation in the future, reducing or even removing the need for additives in food. This would both ensure the quality of food and so that it can be kept longer.
1. 新考法 写作手法 How does the author prove the advantage of the new barrier film in Paragraph 2?
A. By listing numbers.
B. By presenting a theory.
C. By quoting reviews.
D. By showing an experiment.
2. What does the author try to tell us in Paragraph 3?
A. Who invented the barrier film.
B. Why the barrier coating was used in space.
C. Why we need to develop space technology.
D. When we can make good use of the barrier film.
3. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?
A. The high-barrier film is often used to cover a football field.
B. The high-barrier film can keep food fresh for at most seven days.
C. China began to make the high-barrier film in large amount in 2020.
D. You must cut tofu into two parts to keep it fresh in the barrier film.
4. Why isn't the high-barrier film widely used at present?
A. Its quality is not good enough.
B. The production cost is too high.
C. The raw material is hard to find.
D. The production time is too long.
5. In which section of a website can you find this text?
A. Medicine and Food.
B. Lifestyle and Film.
C. Travel and Relaxation.
D. Science and Technology.
答案
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.D
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国空间技术研究院最初为航天器材抗氧化而设计的一款隔离薄膜现在能够用于食品保鲜。
1. D 写作手法题。根据第二段中的实验描述，“... lab researchers dividing a piece of tofu into two parts and placing each in different packages ... while the tofu in the high-barrier material remained fresh,”可知，作者通过展示一个实验来证明新屏障薄膜的优点。故选 D。
2. B 推理判断题。根据第三段“The original purpose of this coating technology was to protect the equipment of the space station from atomic oxygen.”可知，本段讲述了为什么在太空中使用屏障涂层。故选 B。
3. C 推理判断题。根据第五段“After four years of exploration, the research team ... first high-barrier film production line and mass production line.”可知，如果从 2016 年开始算起，到取得进展时应该是 2020 年左右，可以推断出中国大约在 2020 年开始大量生产高屏障薄膜。故选 C。
4. B 细节理解题。最后一段“When the cost drops, it will be used in more conditions”表明目前高屏障薄膜尚未广泛使用的原因是生产成本太高。故选 B。
5. D 文章出处题。文章主要讲述的是空间技术如何影响食品保存技术的发展，属于科技领域的创新应用。因此，最可能在网站的科学与技术版块找到这篇文章。故选 D。
---
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国空间技术研究院最初为航天器材抗氧化而设计的一款隔离薄膜现在能够用于食品保鲜。
1. D 写作手法题。根据第二段中的实验描述，“... lab researchers dividing a piece of tofu into two parts and placing each in different packages ... while the tofu in the high-barrier material remained fresh,”可知，作者通过展示一个实验来证明新屏障薄膜的优点。故选 D。
2. B 推理判断题。根据第三段“The original purpose of this coating technology was to protect the equipment of the space station from atomic oxygen.”可知，本段讲述了为什么在太空中使用屏障涂层。故选 B。
3. C 推理判断题。根据第五段“After four years of exploration, the research team ... first high-barrier film production line and mass production line.”可知，如果从 2016 年开始算起，到取得进展时应该是 2020 年左右，可以推断出中国大约在 2020 年开始大量生产高屏障薄膜。故选 C。
4. B 细节理解题。最后一段“When the cost drops, it will be used in more conditions”表明目前高屏障薄膜尚未广泛使用的原因是生产成本太高。故选 B。
5. D 文章出处题。文章主要讲述的是空间技术如何影响食品保存技术的发展，属于科技领域的创新应用。因此，最可能在网站的科学与技术版块找到这篇文章。故选 D。
---
解析
【分析】
1. 第1题考查写作手法，需定位第二段内容，作者通过展示豆腐分两组存放的实验对比，证明新隔离薄膜的保鲜优势，据此判断选项；
2. 第2题考查段落主旨，需分析第三段核心，该段介绍太空屏障涂层的原始用途，即保护空间站设备免受原子氧腐蚀，对应选项；
3. 第3题考查推理判断，需结合第五段时间信息（2016年开始研发，四年后实现量产）推算时间，判断选项；
4. 第4题考查细节理解，定位最后一段，文中提到“成本下降后才会广泛应用”，说明当前未广泛使用的原因是成本高；
5. 第5题考查文章出处，文章围绕空间技术在食品保鲜的创新应用，属于科技领域，据此判断版块。
【解析】
1. 根据第二段中“lab researchers dividing a piece of tofu into two parts and placing each in different packages... while the tofu in the high-barrier material remained fresh”可知，作者通过展示实验来证明新隔离薄膜的优势，故选D；
2. 第三段明确提到“The original purpose of this coating technology was to protect the equipment of the space station from atomic oxygen”，即该段讲述太空使用屏障涂层的原因，故选B；
3. 根据第五段“Since 2016... After four years of exploration... successfully built China's first high-barrier film production line and mass production line”，2016年加四年为2020年，可推断中国约在2020年开始大量生产该薄膜，故选C；
4. 最后一段“When the cost drops, it will be used in more conditions”表明当前高屏障薄膜未广泛使用的原因是生产成本过高，故选B；
5. 文章主要介绍空间技术在食品保鲜领域的应用，属于科技类内容，应出自网站的科学与技术版块，故选D。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.D
【知识点】
阅读理解（写作手法、推理判断、细节理解、文章出处）
【点评】
本文为科技类说明文，考查学生对文章细节、段落主旨、写作手法及文章出处的理解，需精准定位原文信息逐一分析选项，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第1题考查写作手法，需定位第二段内容，作者通过展示豆腐分两组存放的实验对比，证明新隔离薄膜的保鲜优势，据此判断选项；
2. 第2题考查段落主旨，需分析第三段核心，该段介绍太空屏障涂层的原始用途，即保护空间站设备免受原子氧腐蚀，对应选项；
3. 第3题考查推理判断，需结合第五段时间信息（2016年开始研发，四年后实现量产）推算时间，判断选项；
4. 第4题考查细节理解，定位最后一段，文中提到“成本下降后才会广泛应用”，说明当前未广泛使用的原因是成本高；
5. 第5题考查文章出处，文章围绕空间技术在食品保鲜的创新应用，属于科技领域，据此判断版块。
【解析】
1. 根据第二段中“lab researchers dividing a piece of tofu into two parts and placing each in different packages... while the tofu in the high-barrier material remained fresh”可知，作者通过展示实验来证明新隔离薄膜的优势，故选D；
2. 第三段明确提到“The original purpose of this coating technology was to protect the equipment of the space station from atomic oxygen”，即该段讲述太空使用屏障涂层的原因，故选B；
3. 根据第五段“Since 2016... After four years of exploration... successfully built China's first high-barrier film production line and mass production line”，2016年加四年为2020年，可推断中国约在2020年开始大量生产该薄膜，故选C；
4. 最后一段“When the cost drops, it will be used in more conditions”表明当前高屏障薄膜未广泛使用的原因是生产成本过高，故选B；
5. 文章主要介绍空间技术在食品保鲜领域的应用，属于科技类内容，应出自网站的科学与技术版块，故选D。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.D
【知识点】
阅读理解（写作手法、推理判断、细节理解、文章出处）
【点评】
本文为科技类说明文，考查学生对文章细节、段落主旨、写作手法及文章出处的理解，需精准定位原文信息逐一分析选项，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
