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B(2025 河南中考)
Sunshine does make people happier. Imagine how cheerful you are when it clears up after long cold rainy days. Let's discover science behind sunlight.
Sunlight causes you to produce a chemical(化学物质) called serotonin(血清素). When you are exposed to sunlight, your body will make more serotonin. Higher levels of serotonin will keep you in good spirits. At night, when there is little or no light, your body produces another chemical—melatonin(褪黑激素). It helps your body relax and will make you feel tired, which can prepare you for a good night's sleep. You should keep a good balance between these two chemicals.
However, for many people, it is hard to balance sunlight with darkness. People who stay indoors a lot may not get enough sunlight. The light in a house is usually about 100 times less than that outside on a sunny day. That's why it is believed that those people should get outside in the sunshine. They can get some exercise, enjoy the fresh air and be happy, all at the same time.
There are places where it gets dark for a long time in winter. People in those places are easier to get Seasonal Affective Disorder(SAD). People with SAD usually go through bad experiences such as low energy and sadness. The most common treatment for those people is to sit under bright artificial(人工的) lights for some time.
The roles that sunshine plays in people's life are more than those above. For example, your body produces Vitamin D(维生素D) from sunlight, which is important for being healthy. In fact, there is more science about sunlight for you to discover. So next time, when you notice the sunshine on your shoulder, take a moment to think, "Why do we love sunshine?"
(
A. stay in B. care about C. dream of D. depend on
(
A. What can help people to keep in good spirits.
B. How light influences people through chemicals.
C. Why melatonin can help people relax for a sleep.
D. Which chemical is thought to be more important.
(
A. There are places where it gets dark for a long time in winter.
B. People who stay indoors a lot should get outside in the sunshine.
C. The light in a house is usually less than that outside on a sunny day.
D. People's bodies produce something called Vitamin D from sunlight.
(
A. By staying indoors a lot. B. By taking in more fresh air.
C. By doing some exercise. D. By using man-made lights.
(
A. To encourage readers to learn more about sunlight.
B. To advise readers to stay in houses for enough time.
C. To expect readers to realize the importance of Vitamin.
D. To invite readers to walk into nature to enjoy the fresh air.
Sunshine does make people happier. Imagine how cheerful you are when it clears up after long cold rainy days. Let's discover science behind sunlight.
Sunlight causes you to produce a chemical(化学物质) called serotonin(血清素). When you are exposed to sunlight, your body will make more serotonin. Higher levels of serotonin will keep you in good spirits. At night, when there is little or no light, your body produces another chemical—melatonin(褪黑激素). It helps your body relax and will make you feel tired, which can prepare you for a good night's sleep. You should keep a good balance between these two chemicals.
However, for many people, it is hard to balance sunlight with darkness. People who stay indoors a lot may not get enough sunlight. The light in a house is usually about 100 times less than that outside on a sunny day. That's why it is believed that those people should get outside in the sunshine. They can get some exercise, enjoy the fresh air and be happy, all at the same time.
There are places where it gets dark for a long time in winter. People in those places are easier to get Seasonal Affective Disorder(SAD). People with SAD usually go through bad experiences such as low energy and sadness. The most common treatment for those people is to sit under bright artificial(人工的) lights for some time.
The roles that sunshine plays in people's life are more than those above. For example, your body produces Vitamin D(维生素D) from sunlight, which is important for being healthy. In fact, there is more science about sunlight for you to discover. So next time, when you notice the sunshine on your shoulder, take a moment to think, "Why do we love sunshine?"
(
A
) 5. Which of the following can take the place of "are exposed to" in the text?A. stay in B. care about C. dream of D. depend on
(
B
) 6. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. What can help people to keep in good spirits.
B. How light influences people through chemicals.
C. Why melatonin can help people relax for a sleep.
D. Which chemical is thought to be more important.
(
B
) 7. Which of the following is an opinion(观点) according to the text?A. There are places where it gets dark for a long time in winter.
B. People who stay indoors a lot should get outside in the sunshine.
C. The light in a house is usually less than that outside on a sunny day.
D. People's bodies produce something called Vitamin D from sunlight.
(
D
) 8. Jack is a person with SAD. How could he solve his problem according to the text?A. By staying indoors a lot. B. By taking in more fresh air.
C. By doing some exercise. D. By using man-made lights.
(
A
) 9. Why is the sentence "Why do we love sunshine?" written in the last paragraph?A. To encourage readers to learn more about sunlight.
B. To advise readers to stay in houses for enough time.
C. To expect readers to realize the importance of Vitamin.
D. To invite readers to walk into nature to enjoy the fresh air.
答案
【语篇导读】本文主要讲述了阳光对人体健康的科学影响和对日常生活的作用,包括促进血清素分泌改善情绪、产生褪黑激素改善睡眠,以及治疗季节性情感障碍和促进维生素D合成,鼓励人们多接触阳光并探索其科学价值。
5. A 提示:词义猜测题。stay in意为"待在";care about意为"关心";dream of意为"梦想";depend on意为"依赖"。根据画线短语所在句上一句"Sunlight causes you to produce a chemical called serotonin."可知,阳光促使你的体内产生一种名为血清素的化学物质,结合画线短语所在句"When you are exposed to sunlight, your body will make more serotonin."可推知,你的身体会产生更多的血清素,说明身体接触了更多的阳光,因此画线短语are exposed to意为"暴露于",与stay in意思最为相近。
6. B 提示:段落大意题。通读第二段内容可知,本段主要介绍阳光促使人体产生血清素,血清素水平高会让人精神状态好;夜晚光线少时人体产生褪黑激素,它能帮助人放松和入睡。我们需保持这两种化学物质在体内的平衡。归纳可知,该段主要讲述了阳光如何通过化学物质影响人。
7. B 提示:推理判断题。根据第三段第二句"People who stay indoors a lot may not get enough sunlight."和第三段倒数第二句"That's why it is believed that those people should get outside in the sunshine."可推知,长时间待在室内的人可能得不到足够的阳光,这就是建议他们到外面晒太阳的原因,这是一种观点。其他三个选项都是事实。
8. D 提示:细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句"People with SAD usually go through bad experiences such as low energy and sadness. The most common treatment for those people is to sit under bright artificial lights for some time."可知,季节性情感障碍(SAD)患者通常会经历精力不足、情绪低落等糟糕的状况。对此最常见的治疗方法是让患者在明亮的人造光源下照射一段时间。由此可见,可以用人造光解决杰克的问题。
9. A 提示:推理判断题。文章最后一段举例说明了阳光在人们日常生活中的更多作用,最后一句指出,下次当你看到阳光洒在肩上时,花点时间思考一下:"我们为什么喜欢阳光呢?"由此可推断,作者写"Why do we love sunshine?"这句话是为了鼓励读者多了解阳光。
5. A 提示:词义猜测题。stay in意为"待在";care about意为"关心";dream of意为"梦想";depend on意为"依赖"。根据画线短语所在句上一句"Sunlight causes you to produce a chemical called serotonin."可知,阳光促使你的体内产生一种名为血清素的化学物质,结合画线短语所在句"When you are exposed to sunlight, your body will make more serotonin."可推知,你的身体会产生更多的血清素,说明身体接触了更多的阳光,因此画线短语are exposed to意为"暴露于",与stay in意思最为相近。
6. B 提示:段落大意题。通读第二段内容可知,本段主要介绍阳光促使人体产生血清素,血清素水平高会让人精神状态好;夜晚光线少时人体产生褪黑激素,它能帮助人放松和入睡。我们需保持这两种化学物质在体内的平衡。归纳可知,该段主要讲述了阳光如何通过化学物质影响人。
7. B 提示:推理判断题。根据第三段第二句"People who stay indoors a lot may not get enough sunlight."和第三段倒数第二句"That's why it is believed that those people should get outside in the sunshine."可推知,长时间待在室内的人可能得不到足够的阳光,这就是建议他们到外面晒太阳的原因,这是一种观点。其他三个选项都是事实。
8. D 提示:细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句"People with SAD usually go through bad experiences such as low energy and sadness. The most common treatment for those people is to sit under bright artificial lights for some time."可知,季节性情感障碍(SAD)患者通常会经历精力不足、情绪低落等糟糕的状况。对此最常见的治疗方法是让患者在明亮的人造光源下照射一段时间。由此可见,可以用人造光解决杰克的问题。
9. A 提示:推理判断题。文章最后一段举例说明了阳光在人们日常生活中的更多作用,最后一句指出,下次当你看到阳光洒在肩上时,花点时间思考一下:"我们为什么喜欢阳光呢?"由此可推断,作者写"Why do we love sunshine?"这句话是为了鼓励读者多了解阳光。
