Passage 21
Most people who move to a foreign country may experience a period of time when they feel very homesick and have a lot of stress. This experience is often called "culture shock". It is important to understand and learn how to deal with it if you want to adapt(适应) successfully to your new home's culture.
Generally speaking, there are four stages you will experience if you move to a foreign country. The first stage is usually called the excitement stage. When arriving in a new environment, you'll be interested in the new culture; everything will seem exciting and everyone will seem friendly.
But it isn't long before the excitement stage moves into the second stage. The excitement you felt before changes to stress. It seems that everything is difficult; the language is hard to learn, friends are difficult to make, and even simple things like shopping are challenges. It is at this stage that you are likely to feel frustrated(沮丧的) and homesick. This is the stage which is referred to as culture shock.
However, culture shock doesn't last very long. If you are one of those who manage to overcome it, you'll move into the recovery stage. At this stage, you start to understand and accept the way things are done and the way people behave in your new environment.
The last stage is the home stage. This is the stage when you start to feel at home in the new culture. You start to learn from your new home, and understand certain aspects of the new culture as well as those of your own culture.
Culture shock is normal. Everyone in a new situation will go through some form of it. Be brave, and overcoming culture shock will become much easier.
() 1.What is called "culture shock"?
A. Stresses when one is travelling or living abroad.
B. A simple stage when one begins a new life in a different place.
C. An experience of feeling homesick and stressful when one enters a different culture.
D. A homesick feeling when one finds it hard to take on some challenges in a foreign language.
() 2.During the home stage, you understand .
A. the new culture but not your own culture
B. your own culture better than the new culture
C. the new culture as well as your own culture
D. each part of the new culture better than your own culture
() 3.The four stages you will experience if you move to a foreign country are in the order of .
A. culture shock→excitement→recovery→home
B. excitement→culture shock→recovery→home
C. culture shock→excitement→home→recovery
D. excitement→culture shock→home→recovery
() 4.The writer's purpose in writing this passage is to .
A. inform us about culture shock
B. show that culture shock is unusual
C. advise us to accept different things
D. encourage us to be brave in a new situation

1.C 2.C 3.B 4.A

【分析】
解答本篇阅读理解时，首先先通读全文，明确文章核心话题是“文化冲击”，理清文章整体行文逻辑：先给出文化冲击的定义，再依次介绍移居国外会经历的四个阶段，最后点明文化冲击是正常现象。之后针对每一道小题，先提取题干中的定位关键词，返回原文对应段落查找匹配的原文表述，将各个选项和原文内容逐一比对，排除偷换概念、片面解读的错误选项，即可选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：定位原文第一段前两句，可知“大部分移居外国的人会经历一段非常想家、压力很大的时期，这种经历就被叫做文化冲击”，和选项C表述完全吻合。选项A额外提及了原文没有的“旅行”场景，选项B错误将文化冲击描述为刚开启新生活的简单阶段，选项D将文化冲击窄化为外语遇到挑战时的想家感受，均不符合原文定义，因此选C。
2. 细节理解题：定位原文倒数第二段关于home stage的描述，原文明确提到“你会理解新文化的某些方面，也同样理解你自身原有文化的相关内容”，和选项C表述一致。选项A“不理解自身原有文化”、选项B“对自身文化的理解好过新文化”、选项D“新文化的每一部分都比原有文化理解得更好”均和原文表述不符，因此选C。
3. 细节排序题：顺着文章段落梳理四个阶段：第二段介绍第一阶段是兴奋期，第三段介绍第二阶段是文化冲击期，第四段介绍第三阶段是恢复期，第五段介绍第四阶段是完全适应的home阶段，顺序为excitement→culture shock→recovery→home，对应选项B。
4. 主旨大意题：全文围绕文化冲击展开，依次介绍了文化冲击的定义、移居国外后文化冲击相关的四个发展阶段，最后点明文化冲击是所有人在新环境下都会经历的正常现象，整体写作目的是向读者科普介绍文化冲击的相关知识，对应选项A。选项B和原文“文化冲击很普遍很正常”的表述相悖，选项C并非文章核心讨论内容，选项D只是文末的局部提示，不属于全文的写作目的，因此选A。
【答案】
1.C 2.C 3.B 4.A
【知识点】
细节信息定位，主旨大意判断，说明文阅读
【点评】
本篇是难度适中的说明类阅读，大部分题目都可以通过准确定位原文对应语句直接得到答案，仅最后一道主旨题需要学生跳出局部段落内容，整体把握全文的核心讨论对象，避免把文末的零散建议错当成全文写作目的，能够有效训练学生的信息查找和主旨归纳能力。
【难度系数】
0.7