Ⅲ.阅读还原(10分)

Dino has a dream. He wants to be an astronaut. But what's life in space like? Do astronauts sleep well? Do they watch TV? What do they eat? Let's learn something about the life in space.
Grow taller.
There is no gravity in space. This means that the spines (脊柱) of astronauts get longer. 19
Float in space.
We walk on Earth. Astronauts float in space. Since there is no gravity, they can float between the aircraft (航空器) and the space station. They float in space like fish in the water.
What do they eat?
Do astronauts eat pizza in space? No. 20 They add water to the food before they eat it. And they use straws (吸管) to eat. Why don't they use spoons? Because the food on the spoons would float away!
Do they sleep well?
Sleeping in space is very different. Astronauts sleep in the air. This sounds like a lot of fun! The space station travels around the Earth every 90 minutes. 21 So they must wear masks to get a good sleep.
How do they wash?
There is very little water in space. 22 Astronauts use most of their water for food and drink. They eat special candies to clean their teeth. They clean their faces and bodies with wet towels.
23
Astronauts also watch TV in space. They also send emails to others and read news on the internet. They spend most of their time looking out from the space station. Through the windows they can see the beautiful blue planet—the Earth.
A. Do they do sport?
B. What do they do for fun?
C. They can grow 2.5 cm to 5 cm taller in space.
D. All the food astronauts eat in space has no water.
E. That means every drop of water is precious (珍贵的).
F. The astronauts see the sunrise (日出) and the sunset (日落) 16 times in 24 hours.

19. C 根据"Grow taller."可知,本段内容与长高相关。选项 C(他们可以在太空中长高 2.5 厘米到 5 厘米。)符合语境。
20. D 根据"They add water to the food before they eat it."可知,他们在吃之前给食物加水,选项 D(航天员在太空中吃的所有食物都没有水。)符合语境。
21. F 根据前后文可知,空间站每 90 分钟绕地球一周,航天员们必须戴上眼罩才能睡个好觉。选项 F(航天员在 24 小时内看 16 次日出和日落。)符合语境。
22. E 根据"There is very little water in space."可知,太空中几乎没有水。选项 E(那意味着每一滴水都是珍贵的。)符合语境。
23. B 根据最后一段内容可知,本段介绍了航天员平时在太空中做什么,选项 B(他们做什么来消遣?)符合语境。

【分析】
本题为英语阅读还原题，解题思路是先通读全文把握文章主旨（介绍太空生活的相关情况），再逐个分析每个空格的上下文语境，结合段落主题匹配对应选项：19空对应“长高”主题，20空对应“太空食物”话题，21空对应“空间站绕地球周期与睡眠”的关联，22空对应“太空水资源少”的内容，23空对应“太空娱乐活动”的主题，最终选出符合语境的答案。
【解析】
19. 本段主题为“长高”，前文提到太空无重力使宇航员脊柱变长，选项C“他们可以在太空中长高2.5厘米到5厘米”承接主题，符合语境，故选C。
20. 前文指出宇航员不在太空吃披萨，后文提到“吃之前给食物加水”，说明太空食物本身不含水，选项D“宇航员在太空中吃的所有食物都没有水”符合逻辑，故选D。
21. 前文说明空间站每90分钟绕地球一周，后文提到需戴眼罩睡觉，选项F“宇航员在24小时内看16次日出和日落”解释了频繁日出日落导致需要眼罩的原因，符合语境，故选F。
22. 前文提到太空几乎没有水，选项E“那意味着每一滴水都是珍贵的”承接前文，说明水资源少的结果，故选E。
23. 最后一段介绍宇航员在太空看电视、发邮件、看风景等娱乐活动，选项B“他们做什么来消遣？”概括本段内容，故选B。
【答案】19.C 20.D 21.F 22.E 23.B
【知识点】阅读还原、语境推理
【点评】本题考查英语阅读还原题型，要求学生结合段落主题和上下文逻辑推理，注重语篇理解能力，是初中英语常见题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6

Ⅳ.语篇填词(5分)
[2025广东广州质检]I am going to visit the Space Hotel with my family tomorrow. The hotel is on the Moon. I am too excited to fall asleep. We will go there by 24. s. The Moon is different from the Earth. There's no gravity on the Moon. And we'll be able to float around in the Space Hotel. We need to 25. t ourselves to our beds so that we won't float away when we are asleep. We'll also have to wear spacesuits to help us 26. b because there's no air in the space. I will take a camera with me to take many 27. p. My family and I will 28. s there for a week, and then we will come back to the Earth by spaceship as well.

24. spaceship 根据下文的 by spaceship as well 可知是乘坐宇宙飞船去,故填 spaceship。
25. tie 句意为:我们需要把自己绑到床上,这样我们在睡觉时就不会飘走。根据语境及首字母提示可知,此处表示把自己绑在床上,tie 意为"系;绑",符合语境;不定式符号 to 后加动词原形,故填 tie。
26. breathe 根据 no air in the space 可知,穿上宇航服是为了帮助呼吸,breathe 意为"呼吸",help sb do sth 意为"帮助某人做某事",故填动词原形 breathe。
27. photos/pictures 根据 take a camera 可知带相机是为了拍照,many 后加可数名词的复数形式,故填 photos/pictures。
28. stay 根据 for a week 及首字母提示可知是在那里停留一个星期,stay 意为"停留;逗留",符合语境;will 后加动词原形,故填 stay。

【分析】
做语篇填词题时，首先要通读全文理解文章大意，再针对每个空格，结合上下文语境、首字母提示，同时注意语法规则（如动词形式、名词单复数等）来确定答案。具体思考：24题后文提到“by spaceship as well”，对应首字母s，可知是乘坐宇宙飞船；25题根据“不会飘走”的目的，结合首字母t，可知是“绑”的动作，且不定式后用动词原形；26题由“太空没有空气”及首字母b，可知宇航服的作用是帮助呼吸，用动词原形；27题由“带相机”及首字母p，可知是拍照，many后接可数名词复数；28题由“for a week”及首字母s，可知是“停留”，will后接动词原形。
【解析】
24. 由下文“by spaceship as well”及首字母s，可知此处指乘坐宇宙飞船，故填spaceship。
25. 结合语境“防止睡觉时飘走”及首字母t，可知需表达“把自己绑在床上”，tie oneself to...为固定搭配，不定式符号to后用动词原形，故填tie。
26. 由“太空没有空气”及首字母b，可知宇航服是帮助呼吸，help sb do sth为固定结构，故填breathe。
27. 由“take a camera”及首字母p，可知带相机是为了拍照，many后接可数名词复数，故填photos/pictures。
28. 由“for a week”及首字母s，可知此处表达“停留”，will后接动词原形，故填stay。
【答案】
24. spaceship；25. tie；26. breathe；27. photos/pictures；28. stay
【知识点】
英语语篇填词、基础词汇运用
【点评】
本题考查英语语篇语境下的词汇运用，要求学生结合上下文逻辑、首字母提示及语法规则完成填空，侧重基础词汇的掌握，难度适中，是常见的英语基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.6

Ⅴ.书面表达(25分)
29.[2026辽宁沈阳期末]假设你将有一次去月球旅游的机会,请写一篇短文介绍一下你对即将到来的月球之旅的心情和计划。
提示:
(1)介绍基本情况及你获得这次机会的心情;
(2)谈谈此次旅行可能获得的收获。
要求:条理清晰,语句通顺,意思连贯,不少于80词。

29.【参考范文】
My dream is to travel to space. I have always been fascinated by the stars and planets, and I am very interested in seeing them.
I am so excited that I'll be one of the first students to travel to the Moon next week. I can't wait. The Moon is around 380,000 kilometres from the Earth. We'll go there by spaceship. There is less gravity on the Moon. So everyone will have to own a sleeping bag. I will sleep in the bag to stop me floating away. There is no air either. So I will have to wear a spacesuit to help me breathe.
I think my dream trip to the Moon will be a wonderful journey. It will inspire me to learn more about the universe. I am sure I will have a good time there.

【分析】本题为话题类书面表达，要求围绕“月球之旅”展开写作，需涵盖两个核心要点：一是说明获得月球旅行机会的基本情况及兴奋心情，二是阐述此次旅行的收获。写作时需先点明自身对太空的向往，再介绍旅行的相关细节（如月球与地球的距离、交通方式、特殊环境及应对措施），最后表达旅行的意义，确保条理清晰、语句连贯，满足不少于80词的要求。
【解析】首先开篇点明对太空的向往，引出获得月球旅行机会的兴奋心情；接着介绍月球的基本信息（与地球的距离、交通方式），说明月球的特殊环境（低重力、无空气）及应对方式（睡袋、宇航服）；最后阐述旅行的收获，即激发对宇宙的探索欲，表达对旅程的期待，完成符合要求的短文写作。
【答案】My dream is to travel to space. I have always been fascinated by the stars and planets, and I am very interested in seeing them.
I am so excited that I'll be one of the first students to travel to the Moon next week. I can't wait. The Moon is around 380,000 kilometres from the Earth. We'll go there by spaceship. There is less gravity on the Moon. So everyone will have to own a sleeping bag. I will sleep in the bag to stop me floating away. There is no air either. So I will have to wear a spacesuit to help me breathe.
I think my dream trip to the Moon will be a wonderful journey. It will inspire me to learn more about the universe. I am sure I will have a good time there.
【知识点】英语书面表达；话题作文
【点评】本题考查学生围绕指定话题进行英语写作的能力，要求紧扣题目要点，合理组织内容，语言通顺连贯，符合初中英语写作的基本规范，能有效考查学生的语言运用能力。
【难度系数】0.7