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Ⅰ. Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box.
rapid shape stone expensive officer certain suitable birth
Before papermaking, people used silk, bamboo, and heavy 1.
At a 4.
rapid shape stone expensive officer certain suitable birth
Before papermaking, people used silk, bamboo, and heavy 1.
stones
to write on. These materials were often 2. expensive
to get, or hard to carry around. None of these early writing tools were really 3. suitable
for most people to use every day.At a 4.
certain
time in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun, a palace 5. officer
, made a better material light and cheap. This new material worked very well, and it was his work that was responsible for the 6. rapid
spread of information across the whole world. This also 7. shaped
how people learn and share ideas. It resulted in a new 8. birth
of knowledge, creating the world we have today.答案
1. stones 2. expensive 3. suitable 4. certain 5. officer 6. rapid 7. shaped 8. birth
解析
【分析】
本题为选词填空，需结合上下文语境、单词词义及词性、固定搭配，选择方框内单词的正确形式填入空格。解题思路：先通读全文理解大意，再逐个分析每个空格的语法功能、所需词性，结合语境匹配对应单词并调整形式。
【解析】
1. 空格前有形容词heavy，且与silk、bamboo（书写材料）并列，stone为可数名词，此处需用复数形式表一类，故填stones；
2. 由后文“hard to carry around（难携带）”可知，这些材料难获取或昂贵，故填expensive；
3. 固定搭配be suitable for意为“适合”，此处指早期书写工具不适合多数人日常使用，故填suitable；
4. 固定短语at a certain time意为“在某个时候”，符合东汉时期的语境，故填certain；
5. 此处指蔡伦是宫廷官员，palace officer符合身份描述，故填officer；
6. 修饰名词spread（传播）需用形容词，rapid意为“快速的”，符合“信息快速传播”的语境，故填rapid；
7. 此处作谓语，描述过去的动作，需用动词shape（塑造）的过去式shaped，故填shaped；
8. a new birth of knowledge意为“知识的新诞生”，符合造纸术带来知识发展的语境，故填birth。
【答案】
1. stones 2. expensive 3. suitable 4. certain 5. officer 6. rapid 7. shaped 8. birth
【知识点】
词汇形式运用、固定搭配、语境词义辨析
【点评】
本题为基础选词填空题，主要考查学生对核心词汇的词义、词性及常用搭配的掌握，需结合上下文逻辑判断单词的正确形式，整体难度适中，只要掌握基础词汇和常用搭配即可完成。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为选词填空，需结合上下文语境、单词词义及词性、固定搭配，选择方框内单词的正确形式填入空格。解题思路：先通读全文理解大意，再逐个分析每个空格的语法功能、所需词性，结合语境匹配对应单词并调整形式。
【解析】
1. 空格前有形容词heavy，且与silk、bamboo（书写材料）并列，stone为可数名词，此处需用复数形式表一类，故填stones；
2. 由后文“hard to carry around（难携带）”可知，这些材料难获取或昂贵，故填expensive；
3. 固定搭配be suitable for意为“适合”，此处指早期书写工具不适合多数人日常使用，故填suitable；
4. 固定短语at a certain time意为“在某个时候”，符合东汉时期的语境，故填certain；
5. 此处指蔡伦是宫廷官员，palace officer符合身份描述，故填officer；
6. 修饰名词spread（传播）需用形容词，rapid意为“快速的”，符合“信息快速传播”的语境，故填rapid；
7. 此处作谓语，描述过去的动作，需用动词shape（塑造）的过去式shaped，故填shaped；
8. a new birth of knowledge意为“知识的新诞生”，符合造纸术带来知识发展的语境，故填birth。
【答案】
1. stones 2. expensive 3. suitable 4. certain 5. officer 6. rapid 7. shaped 8. birth
【知识点】
词汇形式运用、固定搭配、语境词义辨析
【点评】
本题为基础选词填空题，主要考查学生对核心词汇的词义、词性及常用搭配的掌握，需结合上下文逻辑判断单词的正确形式，整体难度适中，只要掌握基础词汇和常用搭配即可完成。
【难度系数】
0.6
Ⅱ. Look at the pictures and write the steps of papermaking according to the textbook.
First,
Then,
Next,
Finally,
First,
all the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water.
Then,
this material was beaten, cut up, and mixed with water again.
Next,
the liquid was poured over a bamboo screen, leaving just the fibre.
Finally,
this fibre was dried and pressed to form paper.
答案
One possible version: First, all the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water. Then, this material was beaten, cut up, and mixed with water again. Next, the liquid was poured over a bamboo screen, leaving just the fibre. Finally, this fibre was dried and pressed to form paper.
解析
【分析】
首先观察四幅图片的顺序，对应古代造纸的四个核心步骤：第一幅图为煮原料，第二幅为捣制材料，第三幅为用竹帘滤出纤维，第四幅为晒干纤维成纸。结合课本相关知识，按照顺序词（First/Then/Next/Finally）的要求，将每个步骤转化为规范的英语表达。
【解析】
根据图片呈现的造纸流程，依次对应：第一步是混合原料并煮沸；第二步是将原料捣制、切碎后再次与水混合；第三步是将混合液倒在竹帘上滤出纤维；第四步是将纤维晒干压制成纸，按照要求写出对应英文即可。
【答案】
One possible version: First, all the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water. Then, this material was beaten, cut up, and mixed with water again. Next, the liquid was poured over a bamboo screen, leaving just the fibre. Finally, this fibre was dried and pressed to form paper.
【知识点】
古代造纸工艺、英语书面表达
【点评】
本题结合图片考查造纸步骤的英语表达，需准确对应图片的工艺顺序，运用步骤类英语句式作答，注重细节词汇的正确使用。
【难度系数】
0.5
首先观察四幅图片的顺序，对应古代造纸的四个核心步骤：第一幅图为煮原料，第二幅为捣制材料，第三幅为用竹帘滤出纤维，第四幅为晒干纤维成纸。结合课本相关知识，按照顺序词（First/Then/Next/Finally）的要求，将每个步骤转化为规范的英语表达。
【解析】
根据图片呈现的造纸流程，依次对应：第一步是混合原料并煮沸；第二步是将原料捣制、切碎后再次与水混合；第三步是将混合液倒在竹帘上滤出纤维；第四步是将纤维晒干压制成纸，按照要求写出对应英文即可。
【答案】
One possible version: First, all the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water. Then, this material was beaten, cut up, and mixed with water again. Next, the liquid was poured over a bamboo screen, leaving just the fibre. Finally, this fibre was dried and pressed to form paper.
【知识点】
古代造纸工艺、英语书面表达
【点评】
本题结合图片考查造纸步骤的英语表达，需准确对应图片的工艺顺序，运用步骤类英语句式作答，注重细节词汇的正确使用。
【难度系数】
0.5
Ⅲ. Read and complete the tasks.
Basketball is a much-loved and active sport that is enjoyed by many for fun and exercise. It is over 100 years old and is played by millions of people all over the world. It is believed that the first basketball game in history was played on 21 December, 1891. Then in 1936 in Berlin, it became an event in the Olympics.
Basketball was invented by a Canadian doctor named James Naismith, who was born in 1861. When he was a college teacher, he was asked to think of a game that could be played in winter. Dr Naismith created a game to be played inside on a hard floor. He divided the men in his class into two teams and taught
them to play his new game. Players on the same team must work together to get the ball in the other team’s basket. At the same time, they need to stop the competing team from getting the ball into their own basket.
Today, the popularity of basketball has risen around the world, with many young people dreaming of becoming famous players. In China, you can sometimes see people playing basketball in parks, schools and even factories. This shows how much people love the game. Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play, but it has also become a popular sport to watch. Although America’s NBA games are the most famous, the CBA games are becoming more popular in China. The number of foreign players, including Chinese players, in the NBA has increased. There are also more and more foreign players in the CBA. Many young people look up to these basketball heroes and want to become like them. These stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams, and this is why basketball is so inspiring among youth.
A. Complete the mind map.
B. Find out what these pronouns from the text refer to.
1. it in Paragraph 1:
2. them in Paragraph 2:
3. they in Paragraph 2:
4. This in Paragraph 3:
5. this in Paragraph 3:
C. Answer the question.
Why does basketball become popular among young people around the world?
Basketball is a much-loved and active sport that is enjoyed by many for fun and exercise. It is over 100 years old and is played by millions of people all over the world. It is believed that the first basketball game in history was played on 21 December, 1891. Then in 1936 in Berlin, it became an event in the Olympics.
Basketball was invented by a Canadian doctor named James Naismith, who was born in 1861. When he was a college teacher, he was asked to think of a game that could be played in winter. Dr Naismith created a game to be played inside on a hard floor. He divided the men in his class into two teams and taught
them to play his new game. Players on the same team must work together to get the ball in the other team’s basket. At the same time, they need to stop the competing team from getting the ball into their own basket.
Today, the popularity of basketball has risen around the world, with many young people dreaming of becoming famous players. In China, you can sometimes see people playing basketball in parks, schools and even factories. This shows how much people love the game. Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play, but it has also become a popular sport to watch. Although America’s NBA games are the most famous, the CBA games are becoming more popular in China. The number of foreign players, including Chinese players, in the NBA has increased. There are also more and more foreign players in the CBA. Many young people look up to these basketball heroes and want to become like them. These stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams, and this is why basketball is so inspiring among youth.
A. Complete the mind map.
B. Find out what these pronouns from the text refer to.
1. it in Paragraph 1:
basketball
2. them in Paragraph 2:
the men in Dr Naismith’s class
3. they in Paragraph 2:
players on the same team
4. This in Paragraph 3:
the popularity of basketball in China
5. this in Paragraph 3:
stars’ encouragement
C. Answer the question.
Why does basketball become popular among young people around the world?
It teaches young people the importance of teamwork, and basketball stars encourage them to work hard for their dreams.
答案
A. Game: floor; two; the ball; basket
Development: James Naismith; December 21, 1891; Berlin; 1936; NBA games; CBA games
Popularity: millions of; the world
B. 1. basketball 2. the men in Dr Naismith’s class 3. players on the same team 4. the popularity of basketball in China 5. stars’ encouragement
C. One possible version: It teaches young people the importance of teamwork, and basketball stars encourage them to work hard for their dreams.
Development: James Naismith; December 21, 1891; Berlin; 1936; NBA games; CBA games
Popularity: millions of; the world
B. 1. basketball 2. the men in Dr Naismith’s class 3. players on the same team 4. the popularity of basketball in China 5. stars’ encouragement
C. One possible version: It teaches young people the importance of teamwork, and basketball stars encourage them to work hard for their dreams.
解析
【分析】
本题分为三个任务：A补全思维导图，需从原文对应段落提取关键信息；B找出代词指代内容，需定位代词前文的名词或短语；C回答问题，需总结原文中篮球受年轻人欢迎的原因。解题时需先通读全文，再针对每个任务定位原文相关语句，提取匹配信息。
【解析】
A. 补全思维导图：
Game部分：根据第二段“played inside on a hard floor”“divided the men in his class into two teams”“get the ball in the other team’s basket”，依次填floor、two、the ball、basket；
Development部分：根据第二段“invented by a Canadian doctor named James Naismith”“first basketball game in history was played on 21 December,1891”“in 1936 in Berlin, it became an event in the Olympics”“America’s NBA games are the most famous”“the CBA games are becoming more popular in China”，依次填James Naismith、December 21,1891、Berlin、1936、NBA games、CBA games；
Popularity部分：根据第一段“played by millions of people all over the world”，依次填millions of、the world。
B. 代词指代：
1. it指代前文的basketball；
2. them指代前文的the men in Dr Naismith’s class；
3. they指代前文的players on the same team；
4. This指代前文“In China, you can sometimes see people playing basketball in parks, schools and even factories”（即篮球在中国的普及情况）；
5. this指代前文“stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams”。
C. 回答问题：根据第三段最后一句“These stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams”及前文提到的团队合作，总结原因。
【答案】
A. Game: floor; two; the ball; basket
Development: James Naismith; December 21,1891; Berlin;1936; NBA games; CBA games
Popularity: millions of; the world
B.1. basketball 2. the men in Dr Naismith’s class 3. players on the same team 4. the popularity of basketball in China 5. stars’ encouragement
C. It teaches young people the importance of teamwork, and basketball stars encourage them to work hard for their dreams.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、信息提取、代词指代
【点评】
本题考查学生对英语阅读文本的信息提取、代词理解及内容总结能力，题型常规，需学生精准定位原文对应内容，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题分为三个任务：A补全思维导图，需从原文对应段落提取关键信息；B找出代词指代内容，需定位代词前文的名词或短语；C回答问题，需总结原文中篮球受年轻人欢迎的原因。解题时需先通读全文，再针对每个任务定位原文相关语句，提取匹配信息。
【解析】
A. 补全思维导图：
Game部分：根据第二段“played inside on a hard floor”“divided the men in his class into two teams”“get the ball in the other team’s basket”，依次填floor、two、the ball、basket；
Development部分：根据第二段“invented by a Canadian doctor named James Naismith”“first basketball game in history was played on 21 December,1891”“in 1936 in Berlin, it became an event in the Olympics”“America’s NBA games are the most famous”“the CBA games are becoming more popular in China”，依次填James Naismith、December 21,1891、Berlin、1936、NBA games、CBA games；
Popularity部分：根据第一段“played by millions of people all over the world”，依次填millions of、the world。
B. 代词指代：
1. it指代前文的basketball；
2. them指代前文的the men in Dr Naismith’s class；
3. they指代前文的players on the same team；
4. This指代前文“In China, you can sometimes see people playing basketball in parks, schools and even factories”（即篮球在中国的普及情况）；
5. this指代前文“stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams”。
C. 回答问题：根据第三段最后一句“These stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams”及前文提到的团队合作，总结原因。
【答案】
A. Game: floor; two; the ball; basket
Development: James Naismith; December 21,1891; Berlin;1936; NBA games; CBA games
Popularity: millions of; the world
B.1. basketball 2. the men in Dr Naismith’s class 3. players on the same team 4. the popularity of basketball in China 5. stars’ encouragement
C. It teaches young people the importance of teamwork, and basketball stars encourage them to work hard for their dreams.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、信息提取、代词指代
【点评】
本题考查学生对英语阅读文本的信息提取、代词理解及内容总结能力，题型常规，需学生精准定位原文对应内容，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
