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一、完形填空人与自我——逆境激发潜力
阅读下面的短文，从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Once a child came to stay with his grandfather during his summer holidays.
One day he said to his grandpa, “When I 1, I want to become a successful man. Can you tell me some ways to be successful?” Grandpa nodded 2 and took the boy to a nearby plant nursery(苗圃). They bought two small plants and brought them home. They planted one plant in a pot and kept 3 inside the house. Then they planted the other one outside the house.
“What do you think? Which of these two plants will grow 4 in the future?” Grandpa asked the boy. The boy said, “The plant inside the house will grow bigger 5 it is safe from every danger. While the plant outside is at risk of many things like 6 sunlight, storms and animals.” Grandpa smiled and said, “Let’s see what happens in the future.”
A few days later, the boy 7 with his parents. After four years, when they came again to visit the grandfather, the boy said, “Last time I asked you some ways to be 8, but you did not tell me.” Grandpa smiled and said, “Sure, let’s first take a look at the plants that we bought last time.” They first went to see the plant kept 9 the house and saw that the plant had grown into a small tree. Then he took the boy to look at the plant outside and there they saw that a 10 tree stood in front of them. Its branches spread far and wide, providing shade to the passersby.
The boy shouted with great 11, “But Grandpa! How is this possible? The plant outside would have faced so many dangers. Still, it grew so big!” “Yes, but those challenges made its roots stronger. It also had the 12 to spread its roots as much as it wanted. If you always make comfortable choices, then you will not be able to grow as you can. If you are ready to face this world despite all the dangers, then no goal is 13,” Grandpa smiled and said.
Success requires overcoming challenges and difficulties rather than 14 them. We should remember that only when facing adversity(逆境) and risks can we 15 show our potential and strength. The greater your storm, the brighter your rainbow!
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阅读下面的短文，从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Once a child came to stay with his grandfather during his summer holidays.
One day he said to his grandpa, “When I 1, I want to become a successful man. Can you tell me some ways to be successful?” Grandpa nodded 2 and took the boy to a nearby plant nursery(苗圃). They bought two small plants and brought them home. They planted one plant in a pot and kept 3 inside the house. Then they planted the other one outside the house.
“What do you think? Which of these two plants will grow 4 in the future?” Grandpa asked the boy. The boy said, “The plant inside the house will grow bigger 5 it is safe from every danger. While the plant outside is at risk of many things like 6 sunlight, storms and animals.” Grandpa smiled and said, “Let’s see what happens in the future.”
A few days later, the boy 7 with his parents. After four years, when they came again to visit the grandfather, the boy said, “Last time I asked you some ways to be 8, but you did not tell me.” Grandpa smiled and said, “Sure, let’s first take a look at the plants that we bought last time.” They first went to see the plant kept 9 the house and saw that the plant had grown into a small tree. Then he took the boy to look at the plant outside and there they saw that a 10 tree stood in front of them. Its branches spread far and wide, providing shade to the passersby.
The boy shouted with great 11, “But Grandpa! How is this possible? The plant outside would have faced so many dangers. Still, it grew so big!” “Yes, but those challenges made its roots stronger. It also had the 12 to spread its roots as much as it wanted. If you always make comfortable choices, then you will not be able to grow as you can. If you are ready to face this world despite all the dangers, then no goal is 13,” Grandpa smiled and said.
Success requires overcoming challenges and difficulties rather than 14 them. We should remember that only when facing adversity(逆境) and risks can we 15 show our potential and strength. The greater your storm, the brighter your rainbow!
(
D
)1. A. look up B. stand up C. show up D. grow up(
B
)2. A. sorry B. yes C. goodbye D. no(
D
)3. A. them B. him C. her D. it(
C
)4. A. smoother B. drier C. better D. greener(
B
)5. A. unless B. because C. though D. when(
A
)6. A. strong B. warm C. kind D. soft(
A
)7. A. left B. arrived C. played D. worked(
C
)8. A. helpful B. beautiful C. successful D. careful(
C
)9. A. outside B. on C. inside D. beside(
D
)10. A. tiny B. thin C. lovely D. huge(
B
)11. A. joy B. surprise C. anger D. pity(
A
)12. A. freedom B. kindness C. direction D. creativity(
D
)13. A. unbelievable B. independent C. inexpensive D. impossible(
A
)14. A. avoiding B. affording C. admiring D. accepting(
C
)15. A. possibly B. luckily C. truly D. simply答案
1－5. DBDCB 6－10. AACCD 11－15. BADAC
【完形填空】
文章通过爷爷让孙子观察分别种在室内和室外的两株植物的成长结果这一故事，生动地阐明了一个道理：安逸舒适的环境会限制成长，而外界的风雨挑战反而能让人扎根更深、变得更强大。真正的成功来自于勇敢面对而非逃避困难，逆境最能激发一个人的全部潜力。
第12题：题目要求解释室外植物长得更好的根本原因。根据后文爷爷的总结“If you always make comfortable choices ... If you are ready to face this world ...”，以及植物生长的常识，室内植物受花盆空间限制，而室外植物拥有自由伸展根系的空间。“freedom”（自由）最准确地概括了这种不受限制、自主发展的核心条件，这是它变得强壮的关键。
第13题：这是爷爷总结观点的核心句，具有格言性质。句子结构“If ..., then no goal is ______”表示“如果……，那么就没有目标是__________的”。根据前文勇敢面对危险的语境，这里应填入一个表示“无法实现”的词，构成“没有目标是不可能实现的”这一激励性结论。
第15题：题目考查在特定语境下副词的准确使用。前文论述了“只有面对逆境和风险，我们才能……展现潜力”。“truly”（真正地）强调在逆境中，潜力才能被充分、真实、彻底地展现出来，这与文章“逆境激发真正力量”的核心观点高度一致。
【完形填空】
文章通过爷爷让孙子观察分别种在室内和室外的两株植物的成长结果这一故事，生动地阐明了一个道理：安逸舒适的环境会限制成长，而外界的风雨挑战反而能让人扎根更深、变得更强大。真正的成功来自于勇敢面对而非逃避困难，逆境最能激发一个人的全部潜力。
第12题：题目要求解释室外植物长得更好的根本原因。根据后文爷爷的总结“If you always make comfortable choices ... If you are ready to face this world ...”，以及植物生长的常识，室内植物受花盆空间限制，而室外植物拥有自由伸展根系的空间。“freedom”（自由）最准确地概括了这种不受限制、自主发展的核心条件，这是它变得强壮的关键。
第13题：这是爷爷总结观点的核心句，具有格言性质。句子结构“If ..., then no goal is ______”表示“如果……，那么就没有目标是__________的”。根据前文勇敢面对危险的语境，这里应填入一个表示“无法实现”的词，构成“没有目标是不可能实现的”这一激励性结论。
第15题：题目考查在特定语境下副词的准确使用。前文论述了“只有面对逆境和风险，我们才能……展现潜力”。“truly”（真正地）强调在逆境中，潜力才能被充分、真实、彻底地展现出来，这与文章“逆境激发真正力量”的核心观点高度一致。
解析
【分析】
做完形填空需遵循“先通览全文明主旨，再逐题分析找依据，最后回读验证保通顺”的思路。本文主旨是通过室内外两株植物的成长对比，阐明“逆境激发潜力、成功需直面挑战”的道理。解题时需结合上下文语境、词汇词义辨析、逻辑关系（因果、转折等）及固定搭配，逐一确定选项，避免脱离主旨盲目选答案。
【解析】
1. 考查短语辨析：look up（查阅）、stand up（起立）、show up（出现）、grow up（长大），根据语境“当我长大时想成为成功的人”，选D。
2. 考查语境理解：爷爷点头表示同意，故选B（yes）。
3. 考查代词指代：前文提到“one plant”，此处指代单数的这株植物，用it，故选D。
4. 考查形容词比较级：爷爷问哪株植物未来长得更好，better符合语境，故选C。
5. 考查逻辑连词：室内植物安全所以长得更大，是因果关系，用because，故选B。
6. 考查形容词辨析：室外植物面临强烈的阳光，strong符合语境，故选A。
7. 考查动词辨析：几天后男孩和父母离开，left表示“离开”，故选A。
8. 考查名词呼应：前文男孩问过成功的方法，此处呼应successful，故选C。
9. 考查介词：他们先去看室内的植物，inside符合，故选C。
10. 考查形容词：室外的植物长成了巨大的树，huge符合，故选D。
11. 考查名词：男孩对室外植物长得更大感到惊讶，surprise符合，故选B。
12. 考查名词辨析：室外植物有自由伸展根系的空间，freedom（自由）最贴合语境，故选A。
13. 考查形容词：爷爷总结“没有目标是不可能实现的”，impossible符合，故选D。
14. 考查动名词：成功需要克服挑战而非逃避，avoiding（避免）符合，故选A。
15. 考查副词：只有面对逆境才能真正展现潜力，truly（真正地）符合，故选C。
【答案】1－5. DBDCB；6－10. AACCD；11－15. BADAC
【知识点】完形填空语篇理解、词汇辨析、语境逻辑分析
【点评】本文以“逆境激发潜力”为核心主题，通过生活化的植物对比故事传递深刻的人生道理，既考查学生的语篇理解能力，又注重词汇在具体语境中的运用，兼具知识性与教育性，是一篇典型的完形填空练习题。
【难度系数】0.5
做完形填空需遵循“先通览全文明主旨，再逐题分析找依据，最后回读验证保通顺”的思路。本文主旨是通过室内外两株植物的成长对比，阐明“逆境激发潜力、成功需直面挑战”的道理。解题时需结合上下文语境、词汇词义辨析、逻辑关系（因果、转折等）及固定搭配，逐一确定选项，避免脱离主旨盲目选答案。
【解析】
1. 考查短语辨析：look up（查阅）、stand up（起立）、show up（出现）、grow up（长大），根据语境“当我长大时想成为成功的人”，选D。
2. 考查语境理解：爷爷点头表示同意，故选B（yes）。
3. 考查代词指代：前文提到“one plant”，此处指代单数的这株植物，用it，故选D。
4. 考查形容词比较级：爷爷问哪株植物未来长得更好，better符合语境，故选C。
5. 考查逻辑连词：室内植物安全所以长得更大，是因果关系，用because，故选B。
6. 考查形容词辨析：室外植物面临强烈的阳光，strong符合语境，故选A。
7. 考查动词辨析：几天后男孩和父母离开，left表示“离开”，故选A。
8. 考查名词呼应：前文男孩问过成功的方法，此处呼应successful，故选C。
9. 考查介词：他们先去看室内的植物，inside符合，故选C。
10. 考查形容词：室外的植物长成了巨大的树，huge符合，故选D。
11. 考查名词：男孩对室外植物长得更大感到惊讶，surprise符合，故选B。
12. 考查名词辨析：室外植物有自由伸展根系的空间，freedom（自由）最贴合语境，故选A。
13. 考查形容词：爷爷总结“没有目标是不可能实现的”，impossible符合，故选D。
14. 考查动名词：成功需要克服挑战而非逃避，avoiding（避免）符合，故选A。
15. 考查副词：只有面对逆境才能真正展现潜力，truly（真正地）符合，故选C。
【答案】1－5. DBDCB；6－10. AACCD；11－15. BADAC
【知识点】完形填空语篇理解、词汇辨析、语境逻辑分析
【点评】本文以“逆境激发潜力”为核心主题，通过生活化的植物对比故事传递深刻的人生道理，既考查学生的语篇理解能力，又注重词汇在具体语境中的运用，兼具知识性与教育性，是一篇典型的完形填空练习题。
【难度系数】0.5
