课前预习
常见酸、碱、盐之间的三角转化关系

$(1)①CaCO₃\stackrel{高温}{=}CaO+CO₂↑ ②Ca(OH)₂+CO₂=CaCO₃↓+H₂O[$或 Ca(OH)₂+Na₂CO₃=CaCO₃↓+2NaOH等，答案合理即可] ③CaO+H₂O=Ca(OH)₂ (2) ① Fe+CuSO₄=FeSO₄+Cu(答案合理即可$) ②CuO+H₂SO₄=CuSO₄+H₂O ③2Cu+O₂\stackrel{△}{=}2CuO ④C+2CuO\stackrel{高温}{=}2Cu+CO₂↑($或$ CO+CuO\stackrel{△}{=}Cu+CO₂,H₂+CuO\stackrel{△}{=}Cu+H₂O) (3)①HCl+NaOH=NaCl+H₂O[$或 CuCl₂+2NaOH=Cu(OH)₂↓+2NaCl等，答案合理即可] ②Na₂CO₃+2HCl=2NaCl+H₂O+CO₂↑(或 CaCl₂+Na₂CO₃=CaCO₃↓+2NaCl等，答案合理即可) ③2NaOH+CO₂=Na₂CO₃+H₂O ④ Ca(OH)₂+Na₂CO₃=CaCO₃↓+2NaOH[或 Ba(OH)₂+Na₂CO₃=BaCO₃↓+2NaOH] (4)①H₂SO₄+BaCl₂=BaSO₄↓+2HCl ②H₂SO₄+Ba(NO₃)₂=BaSO₄↓+2HNO₃ ③HCl+AgNO₃=AgCl↓+HNO₃ (5)①Ca(OH)₂+Na₂CO₃=CaCO₃↓+2NaOH(答案合理即可) ②CuCl₂+Ca(OH)₂=Cu(OH)₂↓+CaCl₂(答案合理即可) ③CuCl₂+2NaOH=Cu(OH)₂↓+2NaCl(答案合理即可) (6)①Fe+CuSO₄=FeSO₄+Cu(答案合理即可) ②Fe+2AgNO₃=Fe(NO₃)₂+2Ag ③Cu+2AgNO₃=Cu(NO₃)₂+2Ag

(1)①$CaCO_3\stackrel{高温}{=}CaO+CO_2↑$ ②$Ca(OH)_2+CO_2=CaCO_3↓+H_2O$ ③$CaO+H_2O=Ca(OH)_2$
(2)①$Fe+CuSO_4=FeSO_4+Cu$ ②$CuO+H_2SO_4=CuSO_4+H_2O$ ③$2Cu+O_2\stackrel{\triangle}{=}2CuO$ ④$C+2CuO\stackrel{高温}{=}2Cu+CO_2↑$
(3)①$HCl+NaOH=NaCl+H_2O$ ②$Na_2CO_3+2HCl=2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2↑$ ③$2NaOH+CO_2=Na_2CO_3+H_2O$ ④$Ca(OH)_2+Na_2CO_3=CaCO_3↓+2NaOH$
(4)①$H_2SO_4+BaCl_2=BaSO_4↓+2HCl$ ②$H_2SO_4+Ba(NO_3)_2=BaSO_4↓+2HNO_3$ ③$HCl+AgNO_3=AgCl↓+HNO_3$
(5)①$Ca(OH)_2+Na_2CO_3=CaCO_3↓+2NaOH$ ②$CuCl_2+Ca(OH)_2=Cu(OH)_2↓+CaCl_2$ ③$CuCl_2+2NaOH=Cu(OH)_2↓+2NaCl$
(6)①$Fe+CuSO_4=FeSO_4+Cu$ ②$Fe+2AgNO_3=Fe(NO_3)_2+2Ag$ ③$Cu+2AgNO_3=Cu(NO_3)_2+2Ag$

1. (2024·无锡)在给定条件下，下列物质间的转化能实现的是 ()

A.${KMnO_{4}-＞[]O_{2}}$
B.${CO-＞[O_{2}]CO_{2}}$
C.${NaOH-＞[稀硫酸]Na_{2}SO_{4}}$
D.${Fe-＞[稀盐酸]FeCl_{3}}$

1.C

2. 下列物质的转化在给定条件下均能实现的是 ()

A.${Fe-＞[稀盐酸]FeCl_{3}-＞[NaOH]Fe(OH)_{3}}$
B.${CuO-＞[稀硫酸]CuSO_{4}溶液-＞[CaO]Cu(OH)_{2}}$
C.${NaCl溶液-＞[NH_{3}、CO_{2}]NaHCO_{3}-＞[\triangle]NaOH}$
D.${BaCl_{2}溶液-＞[CO_{2}]BaCO_{3}-＞[稀硝酸]Ba(NO_{3})_{2}溶液}$

2.B

3. 如图所示为甲、乙、丙、丁四种物质间的相互关系，涉及的反应均为初中化学常见反应(“—”表示相连的两种物质能反应，“→”表示通过一步反应能实现转化)。下列选项符合图示关系的是 ()

3.D