Ⅰ. 根据句意和首字母提示写出所缺的单词。
1. The e shook the ground for several seconds last night.
2. The blind boy used his s of touch to walk safely.
3. The scientist wanted to d how the stars moved.
4. When we are in t, we should ask for help.
5. You can read about the invention in today's a.

1. earthquake 2. sense 3. discover
4. trouble 5. advertisement/article

【分析】
本题为英语首字母填空题，需结合句子语境、固定搭配及首字母提示，回忆对应单词完成填空。先通读每句句意，锁定核心语境，再匹配首字母确定合适词汇，注意部分题有固定短语或可选词汇。
【解析】
1. 句意：昨晚______震动了地面几秒。结合“震动地面”及首字母e，可知是“地震”，填earthquake。
2. 句意：盲人用他的触觉安全行走。“sense of touch”是固定搭配，意为“触觉”，结合首字母s，填sense。
3. 句意：科学家想______星星如何移动。结合“科学家、星星移动”及首字母d，可知是“发现”，填discover。
4. 句意：当我们处于______时，应该求助。“in trouble”是固定短语，意为“处于困境中”，结合首字母t，填trouble。
5. 句意：你可以在今天的______里读关于这项发明的内容。结合“读、今天的”及首字母a，可填advertisement（广告）或article（文章）。
【答案】
1. earthquake 2. sense 3. discover 4. trouble 5. advertisement/article
【知识点】
英语首字母填空、固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇与固定搭配的运用，属于英语基础题型，侧重语境理解和词汇积累，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.6

Ⅱ. 翻译句子
用括号里所给的词汇将下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 很不幸，他在事故中失去了生命。(lose one’s life)
.
2. 她尽力去帮助妈妈做家务。(try one’s best to)
.
3. 友谊不仅仅是互相帮助。(more than)
.
4. 我们需要做更多的研究来解决这个问题。(do research)
.
5. 她已经带领团队取得了成功。(lead... to)
.

1. Unluckily, he lost his life in the accident.
2. She tried her best to help her mom with the housework.
3. Friendship is more than just helping each other.
4. We need to do more research to solve this problem.
5. She has led the team to success.

【分析】做此类翻译题，需先确定每个句子的时态，再结合括号内给定的短语，遵循英语句式结构，注意短语的正确搭配和动词形式变化，逐句完成翻译。
【解析】1. 本句为一般过去时，“很不幸”译为Unluckily，“失去生命”用给定短语lose one’s life，主语he对应his，“在事故中”是in the accident，组合为Unluckily, he lost his life in the accident；2. 本句为一般过去时，“尽力做某事”用给定短语try one’s best to do，主语she对应her，“帮助妈妈做家务”译为help her mom with the housework，组合为She tried her best to help her mom with the housework；3. “不仅仅是”用给定短语more than，“互相帮助”译为helping each other，主语为Friendship，组合为Friendship is more than just helping each other；4. “需要做某事”译为need to do，“做更多研究”用给定短语do more research，“解决这个问题”译为solve this problem，不定式表目的，组合为We need to do more research to solve this problem；5. 本句为现在完成时，“带领...取得成功”用给定短语lead...to success，主语she对应has，组合为She has led the team to success。
【答案】1. Unluckily, he lost his life in the accident.
2. She tried her best to help her mom with the housework.
3. Friendship is more than just helping each other.
4. We need to do more research to solve this problem.
5. She has led the team to success.
【知识点】动词短语运用、句子翻译
【点评】本题考查常用英语短语的搭配及基础句子翻译，需掌握给定短语的正确用法和不同时态下的动词变形，属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.7

Ⅲ. 书面表达
假如你是学校英语俱乐部的一员，最近俱乐部组织了一次关于“伟大发明”的讨论活动。请你根据以下要点，用英语写一篇短文，向俱乐部介绍电话这一伟大发明。
（1）电话是伟大的发明，改变了人们的沟通方式。
（2）电话发明之前，人们只能通过书信和远方的家人、朋友交流，速度很慢。
（3）亚历山大·贝尔努力研究如何传输声音。
（4）他在1876年发明了电话。
（5）远方的人们可以通过电话直接交流。
（6）你觉得……
要求：
（1）词数：80词左右。
（2）开头已给出，不计入总词数。
（3）要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。
Today, I'm going to talk about a great invention: the telephone.

( One possible version )
Today, I'm going to talk about a great invention: the telephone.
The telephone is a great invention and it changes how people talk to each other. Before the telephone, people could only write letters to communicate with friends far away. However, writing letters was very slow and took a lot of time. Alexander Bell worked hard to study how to send sounds. In 1876, he made the telephone. With the telephone, people can talk to others far away directly.
I think the telephone is very useful because it helps people talk easily and quickly. Besides, people can also share ideas, ask for help, or chat with family anytime. In a word the telephone is very important in our daily lives and it brings people closer.

【分析】本题为英语书面表达题，要求以“伟大发明——电话”为话题，结合给定的6个要点完成短文。解题思路为：先承接已给出的开头，依次覆盖所有要点（电话的意义、发明前的沟通方式、发明者的研究与发明时间、电话的作用、个人看法），注意用词准确、语句连贯，控制词数在80左右，适当发挥使行文自然。
【解析】写作时，首先承接开头点明电话是伟大发明且改变沟通方式；接着对比发明前人们通过书信交流的缓慢；然后介绍贝尔研究传输声音并于1876年发明电话；再说明电话能让远方的人直接交流；最后加入个人对电话作用的看法，确保要点齐全，行文连贯，符合词数要求。
【答案】( One possible version )
Today, I'm going to talk about a great invention: the telephone.
The telephone is a great invention and it changes how people talk to each other. Before the telephone, people could only write letters to communicate with friends far away. However, writing letters was very slow and took a lot of time. Alexander Bell worked hard to study how to send sounds. In 1876, he made the telephone. With the telephone, people can talk to others far away directly.
I think the telephone is very useful because it helps people talk easily and quickly. Besides, people can also share ideas, ask for help, or chat with family anytime. In a word the telephone is very important in our daily lives and it brings people closer.
【知识点】英语书面表达、话题写作
【点评】本题是初中英语常见的话题类书面表达题，考查学生围绕指定话题整合信息、运用词汇句型连贯表达的能力，要求要点齐全、行文流畅，难度适中，学生只要掌握相关话题的基础表达和写作结构即可完成。
【难度系数】0.6