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二、阅读理解
A(2025·南京玄武期末)
Fireworks may seem like a very American tradition, especially on the 4th of July. But fireworks go back many years before the first American Independence Day celebration(庆祝活动), which took place in 1777, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
The earliest fireworks can be traced to around 2,000 years ago in China. People then are said to have roasted bamboo stalks(竹竿). The stalks turned black and sizzled(发出嘶嘶声). The air inside the hollow(空心的) stalks would explode. Baozhu is a Mandarin Chinese word for firecracker. It means "exploding bamboo".
Years later, Chinese chemists took fireworks a step further. This happened sometime between 600 and 900 AD. People filled bamboo shoots with gunpowder. They threw them into a fire pit. Steel dust or iron shavings(铁屑) were added to make them sparkle. In China, these firecrackers were often used in celebrations.
In the 13th century, fireworks spread to Europe. In the centuries that followed, Europeans began moving to North America. So when July 4th began to be celebrated as America's Independence Day, fireworks were part of the plan.
John Adams was one of America's Founding Fathers. He said he hoped the anniversary(周年纪念日) of the country's independence would be marked for years to come by "bonfires(篝火)" and "illuminations(彩灯)".
1. Paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly talk about
A. how to make fireworks
B. how important fireworks are in Chinese culture
C. the story behind the Chinese name of fireworks
D. the beginning and development of fireworks in China
2. Americans used fireworks on July 4th, 1777 to
A. protect themselves
B. celebrate the first Independence Day
C. show Europeans how to use fireworks
D. remember one of America's Founding Fathers John Adams
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Gunpowder was put into bamboo shoots to create sparkles.
B. Fireworks spread to America from Europe in the 13th century.
C. The Chinese made fireworks better and used firecrackers for celebrations.
D. Fireworks were first used in the first American Independence Day celebration.
A(2025·南京玄武期末)
Fireworks may seem like a very American tradition, especially on the 4th of July. But fireworks go back many years before the first American Independence Day celebration(庆祝活动), which took place in 1777, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
The earliest fireworks can be traced to around 2,000 years ago in China. People then are said to have roasted bamboo stalks(竹竿). The stalks turned black and sizzled(发出嘶嘶声). The air inside the hollow(空心的) stalks would explode. Baozhu is a Mandarin Chinese word for firecracker. It means "exploding bamboo".
Years later, Chinese chemists took fireworks a step further. This happened sometime between 600 and 900 AD. People filled bamboo shoots with gunpowder. They threw them into a fire pit. Steel dust or iron shavings(铁屑) were added to make them sparkle. In China, these firecrackers were often used in celebrations.
In the 13th century, fireworks spread to Europe. In the centuries that followed, Europeans began moving to North America. So when July 4th began to be celebrated as America's Independence Day, fireworks were part of the plan.
John Adams was one of America's Founding Fathers. He said he hoped the anniversary(周年纪念日) of the country's independence would be marked for years to come by "bonfires(篝火)" and "illuminations(彩灯)".
1. Paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly talk about
D
.A. how to make fireworks
B. how important fireworks are in Chinese culture
C. the story behind the Chinese name of fireworks
D. the beginning and development of fireworks in China
2. Americans used fireworks on July 4th, 1777 to
B
.A. protect themselves
B. celebrate the first Independence Day
C. show Europeans how to use fireworks
D. remember one of America's Founding Fathers John Adams
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Gunpowder was put into bamboo shoots to create sparkles.
B. Fireworks spread to America from Europe in the 13th century.
C. The Chinese made fireworks better and used firecrackers for celebrations.
D. Fireworks were first used in the first American Independence Day celebration.
答案
二、阅读理解
A
【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了烟花的起源和发展历史。
1. D 提示:段落大意题。第二段主要讲述了烟花最早可以追溯到大约2000年前的中国,人们烤制竹竿使其内部空气爆炸发出声响,这是烟花的雏形,即“爆竹”。第三段则讲述了后来中国化学家将烟花进一步发展,人们在竹筒里填充火药,并加入钢尘或铁屑使其闪烁。这两段主要介绍了烟花在中国的起源和发展过程。
2. B 提示:细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“So when July 4th began to be celebrated as America's Independence Day, fireworks were part of the plan.”可知,1777年7月4日美国人使用烟花庆祝第一个独立日。
3. C 提示:细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Years later, Chinese chemists took fireworks a step further.”和最后一句“In China, these firecrackers were often used in celebrations.”可知C项正确。
A
【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了烟花的起源和发展历史。
1. D 提示:段落大意题。第二段主要讲述了烟花最早可以追溯到大约2000年前的中国,人们烤制竹竿使其内部空气爆炸发出声响,这是烟花的雏形,即“爆竹”。第三段则讲述了后来中国化学家将烟花进一步发展,人们在竹筒里填充火药,并加入钢尘或铁屑使其闪烁。这两段主要介绍了烟花在中国的起源和发展过程。
2. B 提示:细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“So when July 4th began to be celebrated as America's Independence Day, fireworks were part of the plan.”可知,1777年7月4日美国人使用烟花庆祝第一个独立日。
3. C 提示:细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Years later, Chinese chemists took fireworks a step further.”和最后一句“In China, these firecrackers were often used in celebrations.”可知C项正确。
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含3道小题，分别考查段落大意概括和细节信息理解能力。解题思路：1. 第1题需梳理第2、3段的核心内容，明确两段围绕烟花在中国的起源与发展展开，据此匹配选项；2. 第2题需定位原文中关于1777年7月4日使用烟花的目的，找到对应句子即可得出答案；3. 第3题需逐一核对选项与原文细节，判断陈述是否正确。
【解析】
1. 第1题：第2段介绍烟花最早可追溯到约2000年前的中国，是“爆竹”的雏形；第3段讲述中国化学家对烟花的进一步改进，两段核心是烟花在中国的起源与发展，对应选项D。
2. 第2题：根据原文第四段最后一句“So when July 4th began to be celebrated as America's Independence Day, fireworks were part of the plan.”可知，1777年7月4日美国人用烟花庆祝第一个独立日，对应选项B。
3. 第3题：A项错误，原文是加入钢尘或铁屑使其闪烁，并非火药；B项错误，烟花13世纪传到欧洲后再传入北美，不是从欧洲直接到美国；C项符合原文“中国化学家改进烟花，爆竹用于庆祝”的表述，正确；D项错误，烟花早于1777年就已存在，并非首次用于该独立日。
【答案】
1. D 2. B 3. C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、段落大意、细节理解
【点评】
本题为基础英语阅读理解题，侧重考查学生对段落核心内容的概括和原文细节的查找能力，题型常规，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含3道小题，分别考查段落大意概括和细节信息理解能力。解题思路：1. 第1题需梳理第2、3段的核心内容，明确两段围绕烟花在中国的起源与发展展开，据此匹配选项；2. 第2题需定位原文中关于1777年7月4日使用烟花的目的，找到对应句子即可得出答案；3. 第3题需逐一核对选项与原文细节，判断陈述是否正确。
【解析】
1. 第1题：第2段介绍烟花最早可追溯到约2000年前的中国，是“爆竹”的雏形；第3段讲述中国化学家对烟花的进一步改进，两段核心是烟花在中国的起源与发展，对应选项D。
2. 第2题：根据原文第四段最后一句“So when July 4th began to be celebrated as America's Independence Day, fireworks were part of the plan.”可知，1777年7月4日美国人用烟花庆祝第一个独立日，对应选项B。
3. 第3题：A项错误，原文是加入钢尘或铁屑使其闪烁，并非火药；B项错误，烟花13世纪传到欧洲后再传入北美，不是从欧洲直接到美国；C项符合原文“中国化学家改进烟花，爆竹用于庆祝”的表述，正确；D项错误，烟花早于1777年就已存在，并非首次用于该独立日。
【答案】
1. D 2. B 3. C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、段落大意、细节理解
【点评】
本题为基础英语阅读理解题，侧重考查学生对段落核心内容的概括和原文细节的查找能力，题型常规，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
