一、根据句意及所给中文提示、首字母或英文解释，填入所缺单词，每空一词
1. It's so hot here. Most of them would like to go to the (荫) of trees.
2. There is a quiet (溪) running past our village.
3. How did you turn a (懒惰的) boy into a top student?
4. After taking the baby's (温度), the doctor told the mother not to worry too much.
5. I was caught in a sudden (阵雨) on the way home, but luckily, it stopped soon.
6. The life on the farm during last summer holiday left them sweet m.
7. She set the books u the desk and went out.
8. We had better (put sth out of sight) our real names and numbers when chatting with others on the internet, or it will bring us trouble.
9. The farmers are busy (收割) crops in their fields.
10. We stayed indoors a the heavy rain made it impossible to play outside.

1. shade 2. stream 3. lazy 4. temperature
5. shower 6. memories 7. upon 8. hide
9. harvesting 10. as

【分析】本题为根据句意及提示填单词的题型，需结合句子语境、中文释义、首字母或英文解释，判断单词的词性、形式（如单复数、动名词等），确保每空一词，匹配正确词汇。
【解析】1. 句意：这里很热，他们大多想去树的荫凉处。中文提示“荫”对应名词shade；2. 句意：有一条小溪流过我们村庄，“溪”对应名词stream；3. 句意：你如何把懒惰的男孩变成尖子生，“懒惰的”对应形容词lazy；4. 句意：量完孩子的体温后医生让妈妈别担心，“温度”对应名词temperature，take one's temperature是固定搭配；5. 句意：回家路上突然遇阵雨，很快停了，“阵雨”对应名词shower；6. 句意：去年暑假的农场生活留下甜蜜回忆，首字母m提示，“回忆”用复数memories（多个回忆）；7. 句意：她把书放在桌上出去了，固定搭配set sth upon the desk，填upon；8. 句意：网上聊天时最好隐藏真实信息，英文解释“put sth out of sight”对应动词原形hide（had better后接原形）；9. 句意：农民忙着收割庄稼，be busy doing sth结构，填harvesting；10. 句意：待在室内因为大雨没法外出，表原因用as。
【答案】shade, stream, lazy, temperature, shower, memories, upon, hide, harvesting, as
【知识点】英语词汇运用、固定搭配、词性转换
【点评】本题考查基础英语词汇的灵活运用，涵盖不同类型的提示（中文、首字母、英文释义），涉及名词、形容词、动词的正确形式，是初中英语的基础题型，需学生掌握常见词汇及固定搭配。
【难度系数】0.6

1. time goes by, he finally understands what his father told him ten years ago.

A.After
B.When
C.By
D.As

1.D

【分析】这道题考查时间状语从句中连词的辨析，需结合句子语境和各选项的用法判断。首先理解句子含义：“随着时间的流逝，他终于理解了父亲十年前告诉他的话”。逐一分析选项：A选项After表示“在……之后”，不符合“逐渐变化”的语境；B选项When表示“当……的时候”，侧重某个时间点，不适合表达“随着时间推移”的含义；C选项By通常与完成时态搭配，无“随着”的用法；D选项As可表示“随着”，引导时间状语从句，契合句子语境。
【解析】根据句子“______ time goes by”需表达“随着时间流逝”的语义，A项After、B项When均不符合语境，C项By用法错误，只有D项As能表示“随着”，引导时间状语从句，符合句意，故选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】连词辨析、时间状语从句
【点评】本题考查英语基础连词的用法辨析，需牢记as表示“随着”的常见用法，属于初中英语核心基础考点。
【难度系数】0.8

2. He is busy at school, but he never forgets his mum a phone call every day.

A.working; giving
B.work; give
C.working; to give
D.work; to give

2.C

【分析】这道题考查英语中固定短语的用法，解题思路是：首先回忆“be busy”的固定搭配确定第一空形式，再区分“forget”的不同用法，结合句意确定第二空形式，进而选出正确选项。
【解析】1. “be busy doing sth”是固定结构，意为“忙于做某事”，因此第一空需用动名词形式，排除B、D选项；2. “forget to do sth”表示“忘记要做某事（动作未发生）”，“forget doing sth”表示“忘记做过某事（动作已发生）”，根据句意“他从不忘记每天给妈妈打电话”（打电话的动作尚未发生，只是未忘记要做），第二空应填“to give”，综上选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】固定搭配；非谓语动词
【点评】本题考查初中英语核心固定搭配知识点，难度较低，牢记“be busy”和“forget”的用法即可快速解答，属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.8

3. —Did you have a good time in the open air last night?
—No, I didn't. The temperature was so that I caught a cold.

A.low
B.tall
C.high
D.hot

3.A

【分析】首先梳理对话语境：询问昨晚户外玩得是否愉快，答语表示不愉快，原因是感冒了。需要选择描述温度的正确形容词，先明确描述温度的常用形容词，再结合“感冒”的逻辑判断温度情况。
【解析】描述温度（temperature）的高低需用形容词low或high，可先排除B（tall多用于形容人或物体的高度，不修饰温度）、D（hot意为“热的”，不符合感冒的诱因）；根据“caught a cold（感冒）”可知，是温度太低导致的，因此选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】形容词辨析；温度的形容词用法
【点评】本题考查基础形容词的词义辨析，结合对话语境即可判断，属于英语基础题。
【难度系数】0.8

4. It's raining outside. Let's get into the house the heavy rain.

A.hard; to hide from
B.hardly; to hide from
C.hard; to hide off
D.hardly; to hide off

4.A

【分析】首先分析第一空：修饰动词rain需用副词，hard作副词时意为“猛烈地”，符合“雨下得大”的语境；hardly是副词，意为“几乎不”，不符合语境，据此排除B、D选项。再分析第二空：考查固定短语，hide from是固定搭配，意为“躲避、避开”，此处用不定式表目的；hide off不是正确的英语表达，据此排除C选项，最终确定答案。
【解析】1. 第一空：修饰动词raining需用副词，hard作副词表示“猛烈地”，契合“雨下得大”的语境；hardly意为“几乎不”，不符合语境，故第一空填hard，排除B、D。2. 第二空：考查固定短语，hide from为固定搭配，表“躲避”，此处用不定式to hide from表目的；hide off不是正确搭配，故排除C。综上，答案为A。
【答案】A
【知识点】副词辨析、固定动词短语
【点评】本题考查副词词义辨析和固定动词短语的用法，需准确区分hard与hardly的含义，掌握hide相关的固定搭配，属于初中英语基础考点。
【难度系数】0.5

5. My room is flowers. It's so beautiful.

A.full of
B.full with
C.filled of
D.fill with

5.A

【分析】
本题考查英语中表示“充满”的固定搭配，解题时需逐一分析各选项的搭配是否正确，结合句子语境选择合适的短语。句子表达“我的房间充满花，很漂亮”，需找到符合语法的“充满”的正确英语表达。
【解析】
逐一分析选项：
A. be full of是固定短语，意为“充满”，符合语法规则；
B. full with搭配错误，正确形式为full of；
C. filled of搭配错误，正确形式为filled with；
D. fill with是动词短语，句中已有be动词is，需用过去分词形式filled，故搭配错误。
综上，正确答案为A。
【答案】
A
【知识点】
英语固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查基础英语短语搭配，属于常见的词汇运用题，需牢记“充满”的正确表达，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.3

6. “Like I have some news I have to share! They always listen, talk and .” They are parts of a poem. We can put the word “” in the blank to form a rhyme.

A.hear
B.help
C.watch
D.care

6.D

【分析】本题为英语诗歌押韵题，解题思路是：先明确诗歌押韵的核心要求——句尾单词的发音（重读音节后的音素）相近；再分析题干中已有词listen、talk的发音特点，逐一对比选项单词的发音，选出符合押韵规则的选项。
【解析】首先，题干需填入的词要与listen、talk构成押韵。逐一分析选项发音：A.hear /hɪə(r)/；B.help /help/；C.watch /wɒtʃ/；D.care /keə(r)/。诗歌押韵要求句尾词发音相近，care的发音符合押韵要求，其余选项均不满足，因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】英语诗歌押韵；词汇读音辨析
【点评】本题结合英语诗歌的押韵规则，考查词汇发音辨析，需学生掌握常见单词读音，理解押韵的应用，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.4

三、阅读理解
Seasons on Earth are caused by the planet's tilt(倾斜) as it orbits the sun. Earth tilts at an angle of 23.5 degrees, which means different parts of the planet get different amounts(数量) of sunlight throughout the year.
In spring, the Northern Hemisphere(北半球) tilts toward the sun. Days get longer, and the temperature rises. Plants start to grow, and animals wake up from hibernation. It's a season of new life, with flowers blooming and birds building nests.
Summer is the warmest season in the Northern Hemisphere. The hemisphere tilts most toward the sun, so days are the longest and nights are the shortest. The sun shines brightly, and the temperature is high. Many people go to the beach or mountains to cool down. Some areas may have sudden showers in the afternoon, which help refresh the air.
Autumn brings cooler weather and shorter days. The Northern Hemisphere tilts away from the sun gradually. Leaves turn red, yellow, and orange before falling off the trees. Farmers harvest their crops, and animals prepare for winter by storing food. It's a season of harvest and change.
Winter is the coldest season. The Northern Hemisphere tilts farthest from the sun, so days are the shortest and nights are the longest. In many areas, it snows, and the ground is covered in white. Some animals hibernate, while others adapt to the cold weather. People wear warm clothes and stay indoors more often.
1. What causes seasons on Earth?
A. The Earth's speed around the sun.
B. The Earth's tilt as it orbits the sun.
C. The distance between Earth and the sun.
D. The amount of rain in different months.
2. What happens in spring in the Northern Hemisphere?
A. Days are the longest.
B. Animals wake up from hibernation.
C. Leaves turn red and yellow.
D. It snows heavily.
3. Why is summer the warmest season in the Northern Hemisphere?
A. The hemisphere tilts most toward the sun.
B. Days are the shortest.
C. There are more showers.
D. Animals hibernate.

1.B 2.B 3.A

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解细节题，解题时需根据题干关键词定位原文对应段落，将原文信息与选项逐一匹配，选出正确答案。第1题关键词“causes seasons”定位到第一段；第2题关键词“spring in Northern Hemisphere”定位到第二段；第3题关键词“summer the warmest”定位到第三段，通过原文内容与选项比对即可得出答案。
【解析】
1. 题干问地球季节的成因，根据原文第一段第一句“Seasons on Earth are caused by the planet's tilt as it orbits the sun.”，可知对应选项B，A、C、D均未提及，故排除；
2. 题干问北半球春天的情况，根据原文第二段“In spring... animals wake up from hibernation.”，可知选项B正确，A是夏天的特征，C是秋天的特征，D是冬天的特征，故排除；
3. 题干问北半球夏天最热的原因，根据原文第三段“Summer is the warmest season in the Northern Hemisphere. The hemisphere tilts most toward the sun...”，可知选项A正确，B、C、D均与夏天最热的原因无关，故排除。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，细节理解题
【点评】
本题为基础英语阅读理解细节题，考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，难度较低，只要仔细阅读原文对应段落即可准确作答。
【难度系数】
0.7